Objective:To explore the status quo of the second victim experience and support in clinical nurses, and analyze the mediating effect of psychological capital between organizational support and the second victim experience and support.Methods:From March to April 2020, totally 264 clinical nurses from 2 Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals in Zhejiang Province were selected by convenient sampling and investigated with the general information questionnaire for nurses, Nurse Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Organization Support Scale and Second Victim Experience and Support Scale. Totally 264 questionnaires were distributed, and 259 valid questionnaires were collected, accounting for an effective recovery rate of 98.11%. SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analyses.Results:The total scores of second victim experience and support, psychological capital and organizational support of the 259 clinical nurses were (32.73±8.15) , (83.49±9.74) and (40.23±9.88) , respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the total score of organizational support of clinical nurses was negatively correlated with second victim experience and support ( r=-0.404, P<0.01) , and the total score of positively correlated with psychological capital ( r=0.417, P<0.01) , and the total score of psychological capital was negatively correlated with second victim experience and support ( r=-0.365, P<0.01) . The mediating effect analysis revealed that the mediating effect of psychological capital between organizational support and the second victim experience and support was significant ( P<0.01) , and the mediating effect accounted for 40.29% of the total effect. Conclusions:The second victim experience and support level of clinical nurses is relatively high. Psychological capital can account for some relationship between organizational support and the second victim experience and support. The second victim experience and support levels in clinical nurses with a high organizational support after facing adverse events in patients are low, which has a direct negative effect. Medical institutions should establish an organizational support system centered on improving the negative state of the second victim, the non-punitive management system for adverse events as well as the responsibilities and content of the professional psychological counseling team, in order to effectively respond to the adverse effects of patients' adverse events on clinical nurses as the second victim, help them adopt active coping methods, and improve their psychological capital levels, thereby improving the quality of clinical nursing services.