PURPOSE: This experiment examined the effect of different surface treatment on the osseointegration and stability of implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, 40 each of machined, SLA and RBM implants, which are the most commonly used implants, were implanted into the tibia of 20 normal rabbits using OsseoCareTM. The rabbits were sacrificed after 1 week, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks for implant stability analysis, removal torque analysis, histologic and histomorphometric analysis. RESULT: ISQ showed significant difference between Machined and RBM at first week and at 4 weeks. There was significant difference between Machined and both SLA and RBM(p<0.05) but after 8 weeks there were no significant difference between each group. In the removal torque, RBM showd significantly higher values than SLA and Machined surface at 1st week. At 4th and 12th week, there was significant difference between Machined and SLA, RBM(p<0.05). In the bone to implant contact variable, there was no significant difference between each surface treatment method. In the Machined surface group, there was no significant difference between each time interval, but in SLA group, there were significant differences between the 1st week and 12th week. and in RBM group, there were significant differences between the 1st week and 8th, 12th week and between 4th and 12th week(p<0.05). The bone area showed significantly higher values in SLA and RBM compared to Machined surface 1st and 8th week and significantly higher values in SLA than Machined surface at the 4th week(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The roughened surface of implants showed positive effect in the early stages of implantation and assisted in bone formation. After the bone formation stage, there was no statistical difference between Machined and roughened surface groups. In dental implantation, where initial stability is critical to the success of implants, the use of roughened surface implants should assist in reducing the healing period after implantation.
Dental Implantation ; Dental Implants ; Osseointegration* ; Osteogenesis ; Rabbits ; Tibia ; Torque

BACKGROUNDS: The education by the family physician. is important for more practical primary care medicine education. In this study, we try to know the presnent state of education and the future and the number of education resource and how to multiply this resource. METHODS: we have got the list of family physicians who have their clinic in Seoul by the help of the Korean Academy of Family Medicine. And we performed telephone questionary. We also asked the demographic factors RESULTS: 134 persons were asked questionary by the telephone. 17persons were joining in education. Trainee by the 3rd grade hospitals was the major, the next was by 2nd grade hospital, and doctors who did not have the training. 14 persons have begun education by asking of the training hospital, 3 persons wanted it, but none thought it beneficial to them. 44 persons wanted to join education in the future, and there was no difference between the 3rd and the 2nd grade hospital trainee. CONCLUSION: There was no difference between the 3rd and 2nd grade hospital trainee but 2nd grade hospital trainee was less joining than the 3rd. This shows that the 2nd grade hospital trainee can be the good pool of the future education if there are adequate supply. So many adequate supply is necessary.
Demography ; Education* ; Humans ; Physicians, Family* ; Primary Health Care ; Seoul* ; Telephone

Clinical features, laboratory and operative findings were reviewed in 17 cases adult Ebstein's anomaly admitted to Seoul National University Hospital from Feburary,1979 to October, 1987. 1) Mean age of first diagnosis was 28.6 tears old(range ; 14-57 years old). 2) Exertional duspnea(88.2%) and palpitation(64.7%) were the predominant symptoms, and PSVT was documented in 4 cases among 11 patoents with palpitation. 3) Echocardiogram showed displacement or delayed closure of the tricuspid valve in 13 cases. 4) On similtaneous recording of the intracardiac ECG and pressure, right ventricular electrogram with atrial pressure in atrialized right ventricle was observed in all cases. 5) Right ventriculogram revealed displacement of the tricuspid valve in 9 cases and tricuspid regurgitation in 10 cases. 6) Interatrial communication via ASD(8) and PFO(3) was present in 11 cases(64.7%). 7) Operative finding of 9 cases showed abnormalities of septal leaflet in 9(100%), posterior leaflet in 8(88.8%), and anterior leaflet in 2 cases(22.2%).
Adult* ; Atrial Pressure ; Diagnosis ; Ebstein Anomaly* ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Seoul ; Tricuspid Valve ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency

PURPOSE: The impact of obesity on the surgical outcomes of Asian patients undergoing laparoscopic colon surgery is not clear. The purpose was to evaluate the outcome of laparoscopic surgery in obese Asian patients with colon cancer.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the prospectively collected data of 1,740 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer between January 2008 and December 2010. Patients were classified according to the categories proposed by the International Obesity Task Force, Non-obese (body mass index [BMI]<25.0 kg/m2), Obese-I (BMI, 25.0–29.9 kg/m2), and Obese-II (BMI≥30 kg/m2). Surgical outcomes, including open conversion, operative time, and postoperative hospital stay, were compared in the Non-obese, Obese-I, and Obese-II patients.RESULTS: Of the 1,192 patients in the study, 812 (68.1%), 360 (30.2%), and 20 (1.7%), were classified as Non-obese, Obese-I, and Obese-II, respectively. The Obese-II group had higher conversion rates (10.0% vs. 3.6% and 1.6%, P=0.008) and, longer operative times (180.35 vs. 162.54 and 147.84 minutes, P<0.001) than the Obese-I and Non-obese group. However, the other postoperative outcomes were not significantly different. The overall survival and disease-free survival were not significantly different between groups (P=0.952). Multivariate analysis showed that the independent risk factor for conversion were BMI, total operative time, previous operative history, and cancer perforation.CONCLUSION: The outcomes of laparoscopic colon surgery in obese patients are similar to those of non-obese patients, offering all the benefits of a minimally invasive approach. However, the conversion rate was higher in obese patients. It is therefore very important for surgeons to be aware of these risks during laparoscopic colon surgery in obese patients.
Advisory Committees ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Colectomy ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Disease-Free Survival ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Multivariate Analysis ; Obesity ; Observational Study ; Operative Time ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Surgeons

OBJECTIVES: Protein-calorie malnutrition is a common problem in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Serum albumin(SA) concentration has been used as a marker for assessing nutritional status. Hypoalbuminemia has been linked to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality and more numerous, prolonged hospitalization for peritoneal dialysis patients. The aim of this study was to determine factors affecting SA value in CAPD patients. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study which included patients' demographics, anthropometric data, biochemical parameters, urea kinetic data and comorbidity in 106 stable CAPD patients. RESULTS: 1) There were 50 men and 56 women with a mean CAPD duration of 43 months and mean age of 49 years. The mean concentration of SA was 3.9+/-0.5 (range 2.5-5.3) g/dl and weekly Kt/Vurea 2.0+/-0.4 (range 1.32-3.79) 2) Twenty-one patients(20%) were classified as group I(SA<3.5g/dl)and the remaining patients(80%) as group II(SA 3.5g/dl) 3) Group I patients were significantly older(55+/-11 vs 47+/-11 years, p<0.05) and had significantly higher comorbidity score(1.5+/-0.8 vs 0.7+/-0.9, p<0.05), C-reactive protein (4.5+/-0.9 vs 0.5+/-0.1 mg/dl, p<0.05), 24-hr dialysate-toplasma creatinine(D/PCr) ratio(0.84+/-0.1 vs 0.76+/-0.1, p<0.05), 24-hr dialysate protein (7167+/-2031 vs 5471+/-1515 mg, p<0.05) and had significantly lower residual renal function(RRF)(0.2+/-0.3 vs 0.7+/-1.2 ml/min, p<0.05), BUN(48+/-14.8 vs 55.6+/-14.9 mg/dl, p<0.05), serum creatinine(10.4+/-2.8 vs 12.6+/-3.5 mg/dl, p<0.05), IGF-1(186+/-99 vs 260+/-131 ng/ml, p<0.05), serum phosphorus(4.1+/-1.2 vs 5.0+/-1.3 mg /dl, p<0.05) than group II.4) SA showed positive correlation with anion gap (r=0.43, p value=0.001), transferrin(r=0.41, p value= 0.001) phosphorus(r=0.31, p value=0.001) and negative correlation with 24-hr dialysate protein loss(r=-0.51, p value=0.001), 24-hr D/PCr ratio(r=-0.49, p value=0.001), comorbidity score(r=-0.36, p vluue=0.001). NPCR(r=0.22, p value=0.023), IGF-1(r=0.30, p value=0.002), BUN(r=0.23, p value=0.016) weakly correlated with SA.5) By stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis, age, CRP, 24-hr D/PCr ratio and RRF independently influenced SA level. CONCLUSION: SA level seems to be affected by non-nutritional factors such as age, peritoneal membrane transport characteristics, residual renal function and presence of acute phase protein response manifested by CRP elevation, in addition to nutritional factors.
Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Acute-Phase Proteins ; C-Reactive Protein ; Comorbidity ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Demography ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hypoalbuminemia ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Membranes ; Mortality ; Nutritional Status ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Protein-Energy Malnutrition ; Serum Albumin* ; Urea

OBJECTIVES: Primary IgA nephropathy is the most common type of glomerulonephritis, which may progress to end stage renal failure in about 30-35% of the cases. The incidence of recurrence of IgA nephropathy in transplanted kidney is approximately 50-60% but IgA nephropathy which is recurred in graft has relatively benign clinical course so the rate of graft loss due to recurrent IgA nephropathy is about 10%. Overall graft survival rate of IgA nephropathy is higher than other glomerular disorders which cause end stage renal disease according to recent clinical studies. However accurate causative disorders of end stage renal failure had seldom been reported by pathologic examination and accurate graft survival rate and recurrence rate of original disease after renal transplantation couldn't be investigated. We performed analysis of clinical outcome and prognosis for IgA group. METHODS: 1259 cases of kidney transplantation were performed in the Severance hospital between Apr 1979 and Dec.1994. We selected 178 cases of those who got renal biopsy and excluded the cases of cadaveric transplants, hepatitis B antigen carrier, diabetes mellitus and not taking cyclosporine A. 178 cases of those were divided into two groups, IgA and nonIgA group. We performed analysis of 5 year graft and patient survival rate between two groups. The IgA group was divided into two group, recurrent and not-recurrent IgA group. We also performed analysis of recurrence rate and graft survival rate between two groups. RESULTS: 1) 62 cases(35.2M) were IgA group and 116 cases were non-IgA group. 2) Male to female ratio of IgA group was 2.9:1, whose age averaged 35 years old. 3) Among 6 cases of the IgA group, 3 cases lost their graft due to chronic rejection, 2 cases due to recurrence and 1 case due to acute rejection. 4) The 5 year graft survival rate of IgA and nonIgA group were 85%, 90% each without statistical significance(p>0.05). The 5 year patient survival rate of IgA and nonlgA group after renal allograft were 100%, 97% each without statistical significance(p>0.05). 5) 266 cases of posttransplant kidney biopsies were performed and 10 cases were diagnosed as recurrent IgA nephropathy with recurrence rate of 15%. 6) Renal insufficiency was noted in 4 cases of recurrent IgA nephropathy, 2 cases of those were chronic renal failure and the other 2 cases lost their graft. The histologic findings of these cases included mesangial widening and proliferation(4 cases), glomerulosclerosis(2 cases), crescent formation(1 cases). 7) The interval between transplantation and recurrence averaged 41 months. 24hr proteinuria and serum level of creatinine at the time of diagnosis averaged 2.6g and 2.2 mg/dl each. 8) Male to female ratio, age, HLA type and degree of HLA match showed no significant difference between nonrecurrent and recurrent IgA group in graft but 5 year graft survival rate of recurrent IgA group was lower than nonrecurrent group with statistical significance(71% vs 83%, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Recurrent IgA nephropathy in transplanted kidney might be one of major cause of graft loss with chronic rejection. However precise pathologic examination of before k after transplantation on larger patient population and more long term follow-up are advised.
Adult ; Allografts ; Biopsy ; Cadaver ; Creatinine ; Cyclosporine ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerulonephritis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Graft Survival ; Hepatitis B ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Male ; Prognosis ; Proteinuria ; Recurrence ; Renal Insufficiency ; Survival Rate ; Transplants

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of implant-assisted removable partial dentures (IARPD) with surveyed crowns, also known as implant-crown-retained removable partial dentures (ICRPDs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic searches of MEDLINE/PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Web of Science, and the Korea Citation Index were performed according to the established search terms for ICRPD. A literature search was conducted for studies published in English or Korean until September 2023, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 216 journals were searched, and 31 eligible studies were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. One systematic review included five case reports of ICRPD. Nine retrospective studies evaluated implant survival/success rate, implant failure cases, marginal bone loss, periodontal status, clinical complications, and patient satisfaction. Twenty-one case reports published in Korea showed good prognoses. CONCLUSION According to the findings of this systematic review, ICRPD has a reasonable survival/success rate, minimal bone loss, and high patient satisfaction.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of implant-assisted removable partial dentures (IARPD) with surveyed crowns, also known as implant-crown-retained removable partial dentures (ICRPDs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic searches of MEDLINE/PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Web of Science, and the Korea Citation Index were performed according to the established search terms for ICRPD. A literature search was conducted for studies published in English or Korean until September 2023, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 216 journals were searched, and 31 eligible studies were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. One systematic review included five case reports of ICRPD. Nine retrospective studies evaluated implant survival/success rate, implant failure cases, marginal bone loss, periodontal status, clinical complications, and patient satisfaction. Twenty-one case reports published in Korea showed good prognoses. CONCLUSION According to the findings of this systematic review, ICRPD has a reasonable survival/success rate, minimal bone loss, and high patient satisfaction.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of implant-assisted removable partial dentures (IARPD) with surveyed crowns, also known as implant-crown-retained removable partial dentures (ICRPDs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic searches of MEDLINE/PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Web of Science, and the Korea Citation Index were performed according to the established search terms for ICRPD. A literature search was conducted for studies published in English or Korean until September 2023, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 216 journals were searched, and 31 eligible studies were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. One systematic review included five case reports of ICRPD. Nine retrospective studies evaluated implant survival/success rate, implant failure cases, marginal bone loss, periodontal status, clinical complications, and patient satisfaction. Twenty-one case reports published in Korea showed good prognoses. CONCLUSION According to the findings of this systematic review, ICRPD has a reasonable survival/success rate, minimal bone loss, and high patient satisfaction.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of implant-assisted removable partial dentures (IARPD) with surveyed crowns, also known as implant-crown-retained removable partial dentures (ICRPDs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic searches of MEDLINE/PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Web of Science, and the Korea Citation Index were performed according to the established search terms for ICRPD. A literature search was conducted for studies published in English or Korean until September 2023, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 216 journals were searched, and 31 eligible studies were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. One systematic review included five case reports of ICRPD. Nine retrospective studies evaluated implant survival/success rate, implant failure cases, marginal bone loss, periodontal status, clinical complications, and patient satisfaction. Twenty-one case reports published in Korea showed good prognoses. CONCLUSION According to the findings of this systematic review, ICRPD has a reasonable survival/success rate, minimal bone loss, and high patient satisfaction.