PURPOSE: To determine the necessity of site-specific bone mineral density(BMD) measurement and the difference between the BMD of the two femora using DXA in the evaluation of osteoporosis. MATERIALS & METHODS: Total BMD and regional BMD(Lumbar spine, femoral neck, Ward's area, intertrochanter area) were measured on seventy-eight healthy persons without previons diseases, and the statistical significance analyzed. RESULTS: Total BMD did not reliably reflect the site-specific BMD. There was a high correlation between BMD in opposing femora. Correlation coefficients between the femoral neck, Ward's area, trochanter area were 0. 939, 0.874 and 0.916 respectively. CONCLUSION: We conclude that a measuremnt of site-specific BMD is necessory because the total BMD can not reliably predict the regional BMD. The measurement of BMD in one femur can predict the BMD of the contralateral femur. If there is no history of femoral neck disease, unilateral BMD measurement is recommended for femoral evaluation.
Absorptiometry, Photon* ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; Spine

No abstract available.
Densitometry* ; Osteoporosis*

The computed tomography (CT) number is closely related to hematocrit level according to many of the previous reports. We measured the CT number in various organs, such as the frontal white matter, basal ganglia, occipital white matter, cerebrospinal fluid, liver, abdominal aorta, spleen, kidney, and psoas muscle. We correlated the CT numbers of the organs with hematocrit levels which were graded into 10% increments (20.0-29.9%, 30.0-39.9%, 40.0-49.9%). Thus the change of CT numbers in various organs according to the hematocrit level was analyzed. The increased CT numbers according to the 10% increment of hematocrit in the frontal white matter, basal ganglia, occipital white matter, liver, abdominal aorta, spleen, and psoas muscle were 1.3, 1.5, 1.6, 3.3, 5.3, 3.8, 2.4 respectively. Even though the CT numbers of the cerebrospinal fluid and kidney were not influenced by hematocrit level the CT numbers in most of the there organs postitively correlated with hematocrit level. Therefore, it was concluded that in the differential diagnosis using CT numbers, the hematocrit level of patient must be taken into consideration.
Aorta, Abdominal ; Basal Ganglia ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hematocrit* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Psoas Muscles ; Spleen ; White Matter

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell*

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is widely applied to diagnose sport-related injuries including bone and soft-tissue injuries. Because the MR characteristics of hydrogen nuclei depend upon on their local tissue environment, soft tissue structures of similar density may exhibit difference in signal intensity (brightness on image). This enables MRI to get high soft-tissue contrast resolution superior to other imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT). Advantages of MRI are its capacity to depict occult bone trauma or bone bruise and ligamentous or tendinous injuries that are not visible on conventional radiographs. MRI does not expose the patient to radiation dose, so it can be used safely for pediatric patients. In this review, we will discuss on the osseousand soft-tissue injuries of the extremities which could be helpful from MRI in various clinical situations.
Athletic Injuries ; Contusions ; Extremities ; Humans ; Hydrogen ; Ligaments ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Magnetics ; Magnets ; Sports

After advent of lymphangiographic technique, the causes of chyluria can be evaluated by lymphangiography. Themost common etiology known until today is parasitic origin, expecially filariasis. In Korea, established organismof filariasis is Brugia malayi. And other nonparasitic etiologies such as retroperitoneal malignancy, chronicinflammatory diseases, trauma, pregnancy, aneurysm are very rare. The authors experienced two cases oflymphatico-calyceal fistulas causing chyluria demostrated by lymphangiography. The etiology of these two caseswere unknown exactly, but the clinical diagnosis were filariasis. These cases are reported with emphasis on thelymphangiographic findings of chyluria.
Aneurysm ; Brugia malayi ; Diagnosis ; Filariasis ; Fistula ; Korea ; Lymphography ; Pregnancy

Percutaneous nephrostomy for relief of obstruction and functional preservation of the kidney was effectivelyperformed 19 times in 14 patients for recent 1 year since July 1982 at Departement of Radiology in Seoul NationalUniversity Hospital. The etiologies of the total 14 obstructive uropathies were metastatic cervix cancer in 6-cases, metastatic rectal cancer in 2 cases, and metastatic bladder cancer, malignant mixed mesodermal tumor operimetrium, pyonephrosis, bilateral staghorn stone, UVJ obstruction of undertermined cause, congenital UPJobstruction in 1 case respectively. Percutaneous nephrostomy was done bilaterally in 1 case of congenital UPJobstruction and unilaterally in 13 cases. We used ultrasound as puncture guide in 13 cases and CT in 1 case. Majorcomplication was absent, but minor complications occured in 4 patients; gross hematuria persisting 24 hours (1case), catheter dislodgment after several seeks (2 cases ) and luminal narrowing after 3 months(1 case).Satisfactory outcomes were made in 13 patients except 1 patient who succumbed one day after the procedure due topreexisting severe sepsis. The procedure proved to be safe and effective alternative to operative nephrostomy insome patients with urinary obstruction.
Catheters ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Kidney ; Mesoderm ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Phenobarbital ; Punctures ; Pyonephrosis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Seoul ; Sepsis ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Malignant gastric lymphoma is an uncommon but important lesion with a more favorable prognosis than that ofgastric carcinoma. A total of 16 cases of gastric malignant lymphoma examined during a period from Jan. 1980 toSept. 1983 at Seoul National University Hospital were subjected to the radiological and pathologic correlations.In all cases, the diagnosis was established by histopathology of the resected specimens (9 cases) or endoscopicbiopsy specimesn ( 7 cases). Based on the comparative study of upper G-I series and macroscopic findings of thesurgically resected specimen, the authors investigated the reliable radiographic findings which can be valuable indifferentiation of gastric lymphoma from other gastric lesions, especailly carcinoma, and suggested the followingdiagnostic criteria for the malignant lymphoma of the stomach. 1. Discrete multiple polypoid lesions with orwithout central umbilication. 2. Geographic ulcer, deviated from center of the mass. 3. Irregular thickness ofelevated rim of the mass. 4. Diffuse giant gastric rugae. 5. Giant gastric rugae, mixed with other lesion.
Diagnosis ; Lymphoma ; Prognosis ; Seoul ; Stomach ; Ulcer

Twenty patients with congenital aortic stenosis excluding valvular stenosis were studied beween April 1980 and April 1984 at Seoul National University Hospital. The clinical and radiologic findings with the emphasis on the cineangiographies were analyzed separately according to the type of aortic stenosis as subaortic and supravalvular aortic stenosis. The summaries of the analysis are as follows: 1. Among the 20 cases, 12 cases were subaorticstenosis and 8 cases were supravalvular stenosis. 2. The anatomic types of subaoritc stenosis were the discrete membranous type (8 cases), the fibromuscular type (2 cases) and the tunnel type (2 cases). 3. The obstruction of subaoritic types was usually severe, and the median left ventricular to aortic systolic pressure gradient was 60mmHg, and associated cardiac defects were found in 10 cases (84%), an incidence greater than that reported in mostother large series. 4. The anatomic types of 8 cases of supravalvular aortic stenosis were mainly focal type (7cases ) and 1 case of diffuse hypoplastic type. 5. The median left ventricular to aortic systolic pressure gradient of supravalvular stenosis was 75mmHg, and associated anomalies were seen in 6 cases(75%) with 3 cases of suspected mental retardation and facial abnormalities without definite hypercalcemia. 6. For accurate diagnosis of congenital aortic stenosis, retrograde left ventricular angiograms obtainend in axial pojections are of crucial importance in demonstration of anatomic types of stenosis and associated anomalies. And supravalvular aortic injection is sometimes helpful to outline the anatomy of the valve and to evaluate the degree of aortic regurgitation.
Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency ; Aortic Valve Stenosis ; Blood Pressure ; Cineangiography ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Incidence ; Intellectual Disability ; Seoul

Smooth muscle tumors of stomach are unusual tumors, accounting for 1-3% of primary gastric malignancies. Diagnosis of these tumors is important because of the more favorable prognosis of this tumor than that of gastric carcinoma. A retrospective study was made in 18 patients who had pathology-proven gastric leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma to identify radiologic characteristics for recent 6 years from Jan. 1978 to July. 1984 at department of radiology, Seoul National University Hospital. The results were as follows: 1. Age of 13 cases of gastric leiomyosarcoma ranged from 36 to 70 with average of 51 and the male to female ratio was 10:3. Age of 5 cases of gastric leiomyoma ranged from 24 to 67 with average of 44 and the male to female ratio was 3:2. 2. Clinically, gastric leiomyosarcoma had epigastric pain in 7 cases, palpable mass in 4 cases, melena in 3 cases, hematemesis in 2 cases, 5 cases of gastric leiomyoma also had above symptoms respectively. 3. Of the 13 cases of gastric leiomyosarcoma studied by upper gastrointestinal examination, 6 cases (32%) involved the fundus, 10 cases (50%) in the body, 3 cases (18%) in the antrum . Of the 5 cases of gastric leiomyoma, 4 cases were confined to the fundus and 1 case in the body. 4. The size of the 13 gastric leiomyosarcomas ranged from 5 to more than 20cm in diameter. The size of the 5 gastric leiomyomas ranged from 3 to 9cm in diameter. 5. The growth type of gastric leiomyosarcoma was exophytic in 8 cases, endogastric in 1 case and mixed pattern in 4 cases. The growth type of gastric leiomyoma were exophytic in 1 case, endogastric in 2 cases and mixed in 2 cases. 6. Mucosal pattern of gastric leiomyosarcoma were mainly effaced pattern in 10 cases (77%), but 3 cases (23%) showed irregular destructioñ. 1 case of gastric leiomyoma showed mucosal irregularity. 7. Ulceration was present in 10 cases of gastric leiomyosarcoma either single or multiple. 2 cases of gastric leiomyoma showed small ulcerations. Calcifiation was seen in one case of cellular leiomyoma. 8. Diagnostic accuracy of gastric leiomyosarcoma and gastric leiomyoma by U.G. 1. study was 90% and 80% respectively. One case of gastric leiomyosarcoma arose from the fundus of stomach was diffcult to difficu ltiate from advanced atomach cancer, Borrmann type 1.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Hematemesis ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Male ; Melena ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Smooth Muscle Tumor ; Stomach ; Ulcer