We report 56 year old female with the left atrial myxoma diagnosed by M mode and 2-D Echocardiography, to be complicated with the cerebral embolism with review of literatures.
Echocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Embolism* ; Middle Aged ; Myxoma*

No abstract available.
Sturge-Weber Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Neurons*

No abstract available.
Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Leptospira interrogans* ; Leptospira*

SPARC, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine, is a extracellular matrix-associated protein implicated in the modulation of cell adhesion, migration, cell cycle regulation, and angiogenesis. SPARC is expressed in fibrocytes and endothelial cells involved in tissue repair and invasive malignant tumors in the gastrointestinal tract, breast, lung, kidney, adrenal cortex, ovary, and brain. This study was aimed to characterize the different expression of SPARC in the thyroid follicular adenomas and follicular carcinomas. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in paraffin-embedded tissues of 25 follicular adenomas and 15 follicular carcinomas of the thyroid gland. Immunohistochemically, SPARC was not expressed in the 19 follicular adenoma and 2 follicular carcinoma but highly expressed in the 6 follicular adenoma and 13 follicular carcinoma. These findings suggest that SPARC is a potential diagnostic marker of follicular carcinoma and is helpful to distinguish follicular carcinoma from follicular adenoma without vascular or capsular invasion.
Adenoma* ; Adrenal Cortex ; Brain ; Breast ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Movement ; Cysteine ; Endothelial Cells ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Kidney ; Lung ; Ovary ; Thyroid Gland*

We report one case with the occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery and the left renal artery in the mitral stenosis with the review of the literatures.
Mesenteric Artery, Superior* ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Renal Artery*

BACKGROUND: Combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSE) often produces a more extensive spinal block than expected. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of CSE on subarachnoid block in patients undergoing lower extremity surgery. METHODS: Thirty-three patients who undergone lower extremity surgeries were randomly allocated to three groups of 11 patients each. Using needle through needle technique, all patients received a subarachnoid injection of hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine 1.6~2.0 ml through a 25G Whitacre spinal needle. Group 1 received no extradural injection for 25min, but group 2 and 3 received extradural saline 10 ml and bupivacaine 10 ml 5min after the subarachnoid injection, respectively. Levels of sensory and motor block were assessed at 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, and 25 min after subarachnoid injection. RESULTS: The median values of maximum sensory block level were T7 in all groups. Levels of sensory blockade and the time to onset of maximum sensory blockade were similar among the three groups. There was no significant difference in the degree of motor block among three groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that extradural saline 10 ml or 0.5% bupivacaine 10 ml which injected 5min after subarachnoid injection does not significantly influence the level of subarachnoid block in lower extremity surgical patients. However, further study is required to declare the safety or optimal dose of extradural injection during CSE.
Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Bupivacaine ; Humans ; Injections, Epidural ; Lower Extremity* ; Needles

Computerized tomography has been used in the evaluation of the intracranial lesions. Recently the usage of computerized tomography has progressively widened in many fields of clinical practice. In orthopedics computerized tomography has been tried in the diagnosis and the determination of treatment of tumors, spinal disorders, hip disorders and knee problem. Four problem cases in which concentric reduction could not be obtained after closed reduction of hip dislocations were evaluated by computerized tomography from Apr, 1, 1983 to Mar. 31, 1984 in the Capital Armed Forces General Hospital and following conclusiions were obtained: 1. Open reduction revealed that muscles(adductor and pyriformis muscles), joint capsule and osteocartilaginous loose bodies (femoral and acetabular) were interposed to hinder concentric reduction. Large posterior acetabular fragment induced instability and redislocation of the hip. 2. When there were 2-3 mm lack of symmetry of the two femoral heads or any abnormal findings(breakage of Shenton's line etc.) in plain roentgenography, computerized tomography was recommanded, and muscles, osteocartilaginous loose bodies and instability were found. 3. Computerized tomography is an easy simple method and has a great diagnostic value in the evaluation of asymmetry and instability after closed reduction of traumatic hip dislocations.
Acetabulum ; Arm ; Diagnosis ; Head ; Hip Dislocation ; Hip ; Hospitals, General ; Joint Capsule ; Knee ; Methods ; Muscles ; Orthopedics ; Radiography

Gallstone ileus is a well-known complication of cholelithiasis, but is relatively rare. Most ectopic gallstones are located in the small bowel; they are rarely found in the stomach and duodenum. We describe the imaging findings of a case of intragastric gallstone, as well as a case in which duodenal obstruction was caused by a large gallstone (Bouveret's syndrome).
Cholelithiasis ; Duodenal Obstruction ; Duodenum ; Gallstones* ; Ileus ; Stomach