We evaluated the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and inhibitory effect of osteoclast differentiation of Brachypodium sylvaticum (BS) to find out the possibility of preventing periodontal disease. The inhibition of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) growth by BS and the sustainability of the antibacterial activity was assessed. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and the production of nitric oxide (NO) and cell viability were measured. Osteoclast differentiation was evaluated by Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, and TRAP activity. BS showed significant antibacterial activity and sustainable antibacterial activity in P. gingivalis. We also found out that the BS significantly decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and NO production without cytotoxicity. Furthermore, BS inhibited the differentiation of bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) obtained from mouse bone marrow cells into osteoclasts without cytotoxicity. Taken together, BS can be a promising candidate for a preventive and improving agent of periodontal disease having antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and inhibitory effects of osteoclast differentiation.

We evaluated the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and inhibitory effect of osteoclast differentiation of Brachypodium sylvaticum (BS) to find out the possibility of preventing periodontal disease. The inhibition of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) growth by BS and the sustainability of the antibacterial activity was assessed. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and the production of nitric oxide (NO) and cell viability were measured. Osteoclast differentiation was evaluated by Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, and TRAP activity. BS showed significant antibacterial activity and sustainable antibacterial activity in P. gingivalis. We also found out that the BS significantly decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and NO production without cytotoxicity. Furthermore, BS inhibited the differentiation of bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) obtained from mouse bone marrow cells into osteoclasts without cytotoxicity. Taken together, BS can be a promising candidate for a preventive and improving agent of periodontal disease having antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and inhibitory effects of osteoclast differentiation.

The most common pancreatic cystic lesion is pancreatic pseudocyst which represents about 85%. Primary cystic neoplasms represent about 10 to 15% of the lesion. Pathologically cystic neoplasms can be classified into serous cystadenoma, mucinous cystadenoma and papillary cystic neoplasm by epithelial lining-cell, whereas pseudocyst is characterized by fibrotic capsules. Mucinous form is known to be premalignant or malignant and serous cystadenoma was known to be benign in the past, but recently 4 cases of malignant transformation have been reported. Serous cystadenoma is described under a variety of names, including microcystic adenoma and glycogen-rich cystadenoma but recently macroqystic variants have been reported. Serous cystadenoma is most commonly seen in middle aged women with symptoms of vague upper abdominal pain or palpable mass. It is sometimes associated with extra- pancreatic diseases such as gallstones, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, duodenal ulcers, sterility, obesity and thymic dysfunction, but coexisting papillary thyroid cancer have been reported in only 2 cases to our knowledge. The pathogenesis of associated diseases is unknown and appears to be due to function of age of the patients or incidental occurrence. Herein, we report a patient who had a pancreatic serous cystadenoma coexisting with papillary thyroid cancer. Since pancreatic serous cystadenoma can occur in association with papaillary thyroid cancer, examination of thyroid seems to be advisable when pancreatic serous cystadenoma is found.
Abdominal Pain ; Adenoma ; Capsules ; Cystadenoma ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; Cystadenoma, Serous* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Duodenal Ulcer ; Female ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infertility ; Middle Aged ; Mucins ; Obesity ; Pancreatic Cyst ; Pancreatic Diseases ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to examine the relationship between the intrauterine infection and the concentration of cord blood interleukin 6 in preterm infants. METHODS: Patients delivering preterm infants because of spontaneous preterm labor were evaluated for clinical signs of chorioamnionitis, which was defined as a temperature of >or=37.8 degrees C along with >or=2 of the followings : Significant maternal tachycardia (>or= 100/min), fetal tachycardia (>or=160/min), purulent discharge, uterine tenderness, and leukocytosis (WBC >or=15,000c ells/mm3). Their placentas were examined for histologic chorioamnionitis. Cord blood was assayed for Interleukin 6 and CRP. And Interleukin 6 and CRP were sequentially determined at 12-24hour and at 36-48 hour. An elevated interleukin 6 was determined to be 20 pg/mL. Infants were evaluated for the evidences of early and late neonatal sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, neonatal pneumonia, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. RESULTS: Umbilical cord blood interleukin 6 was significantly higher in the presence of intrauterine infection than in the absence of intrauterine infection (208.4+/-426.3 pg/mL VS 13.3+/-20.6 pg/mL P=0.018). And the frequencies of histologic chorioamnionitis, early neonatal sepsis, neonatal pneumonia, and morbidity were significantly higher in the presence of intrauterine infection than in the absence of intrauterine infection (P=0.003, P=0.000, P=0.042, and P=0.000, respectively). There was significant difference in gestational age, but no significant differences in maternal age, parity, birth weight, method of delivery, respiratory destress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Using receiver operator characteristic curves, the best cutoff for interleukin 6 was found to be 20 pg/mL. CONCLUSION: Cord blood interleukin 6 was significantly elevated in the intrauterine infection in the preterm infant.
Birth Weight ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; Chorioamnionitis ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Female ; Fetal Blood* ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Interleukin-6* ; Interleukins* ; Leukocytosis ; Maternal Age ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Parity ; Placenta ; Pneumonia ; Pregnancy ; Sepsis ; Tachycardia

A persistent left superior vena cava is the most common anomaly of the superior caval system. Usually the persistent left superior vena cava is connected with the right atrium via the coronary sinus, resulting in no physiologic derangement : however in 7 to 8 percents of the patietns with a persistent left superior vena cava, the anomalous vessel communicates with the left atrim. In the absence of obstruction to the flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. this anatomic situation usually results in right to left shunting of varying degress. We recently experienced a case of persistent left superior vena cava in a 52-year-old female who complained of chest discomfort, epigastric pain and dyspnea(NYHA functional class II). Cine-angiography showed that the contrast passed from the left SVC through the dilated coronary sinus into right atrium. And right sided SVC was not seen. The patient was treated with conservative measures and discharged with improved condition.
Coronary Sinus ; Female ; Heart Atria ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Thorax ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency* ; Vena Cava, Superior

Asymmetrical Septal Hypertrophy(ASH), Characterized by interventricular septal hypertrophy, is not an uncommon cardiac disease. Arrythmia occuring in ASH are supraventricular tachycardia, atrial premature beats, and ventricular premature beats. In about 10% of patients, there is a short P-R interval and a partial delta wave, suggestive of a variant of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. We reported here a case of ASH associated with W-P-W syndrome and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with review of pertinent literatures.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atrial Fibrillation* ; Cardiac Complexes, Premature ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertrophy* ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular ; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

Asymmetrical Septal Hypertrophy(ASH), Characterized by interventricular septal hypertrophy, is not an uncommon cardiac disease. Arrythmia occuring in ASH are supraventricular tachycardia, atrial premature beats, and ventricular premature beats. In about 10% of patients, there is a short P-R interval and a partial delta wave, suggestive of a variant of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. We reported here a case of ASH associated with W-P-W syndrome and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with review of pertinent literatures.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atrial Fibrillation* ; Cardiac Complexes, Premature ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertrophy* ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular ; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the remineralization effect of experimental fluoride varnish mixed with nano-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) on bovine teeth under demineralization and remineralization cycling by Vickers hardness. After fabrication of rosin-based experimental fluoride varnish with 5 wt% of NaF (EX) in the laboratory, 10 wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite (HA+EX) and nano-TCP (TC+EX) were mixed, respectively. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (Tooth mousse) (CP) was used for comparison. Bovine incisors were impregnated by acrylic resin and exposed to caries inducing solution for 72 hours. EX, HA+EX, TC+EX, and CP were applied on the surface of bovine teeth. The specimens were immersed in a demineralization solution for 1 hour and in a re-mineralization solution for 23 hours and the cycle was repeated for 20 days. Vickers hardness was measured at baseline and after each treatment. CP group showed the highest hardness value at 24 hours after application of each material (p<0.05) and the other groups were not significantly different (p>0.05).On the 10th day of de-/re-mineralization cycling, the TC+EX group showed the highest hardness value (p<0.05), but not significantly different from the HA+EX group (p>0.05). On the 20th day, the TC+EX group kept the highest hardness value, followed by HA+EX and EX groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, experimental fluoride varnish with 10 wt% of nano-TCP showed higher remineralization effect on the enamel of bovine teeth during the de/re-mineralization cycling.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the remineralization effect of experimental fluoride varnish mixed with nano-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) on bovine teeth under demineralization and remineralization cycling by Vickers hardness. After fabrication of rosin-based experimental fluoride varnish with 5 wt% of NaF (EX) in the laboratory, 10 wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite (HA+EX) and nano-TCP (TC+EX) were mixed, respectively. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (Tooth mousse) (CP) was used for comparison. Bovine incisors were impregnated by acrylic resin and exposed to caries inducing solution for 72 hours. EX, HA+EX, TC+EX, and CP were applied on the surface of bovine teeth. The specimens were immersed in a demineralization solution for 1 hour and in a re-mineralization solution for 23 hours and the cycle was repeated for 20 days. Vickers hardness was measured at baseline and after each treatment. CP group showed the highest hardness value at 24 hours after application of each material (p<0.05) and the other groups were not significantly different (p>0.05).On the 10th day of de-/re-mineralization cycling, the TC+EX group showed the highest hardness value (p<0.05), but not significantly different from the HA+EX group (p>0.05). On the 20th day, the TC+EX group kept the highest hardness value, followed by HA+EX and EX groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, experimental fluoride varnish with 10 wt% of nano-TCP showed higher remineralization effect on the enamel of bovine teeth during the de/re-mineralization cycling.

During the long-term COVID-19 pandemic, wearing a mask is inevitable for protecting individuals from airborne infection. In this case, we found out that mask may exacerbate atopic dermatitis and it can be treated simply and effectively using silicone tape. We suggest that throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, silicone tape can be beneficial in both preventing and treating eczema caused by mask-wearing, especially in patients with atopic dermatitis.