BACKGROUND: Drug-induced Parkinsonism(DIP) is the second commonest cause of Parkinsonism, after idiopathic Parkinson's disease(IPD). DIP is frequently produced by antipsychotic drugs. But the clinical characteristics of DIP did not get attention by neurologist. So we studied the clinical profiles of DIP patients. METHODS: We studied the clinical profiles of thirthone patients who showed parkinsonism after antipsychotic drug treatment. We compared the score of motor part of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS) between trihexyphenidyl(n=15) & amantadine(n=16) monotherapy group(initial & 4 week after treatment). RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 45 years. Bradykinesia was the 1st symptom in 26 patients(94%), tremor in 5 patients(6%). In 25 patients(81%), the first symptom appeared within 1 week after sntipsychotic treatment. There was a statistical significant negative correlation between the dosage of antipsychotic drug and the symptom-onset interval following treatment with antipsychotic drugs(simple correlation analysis, p>0.01). Bradykinesia and rigidity were appeared in all DIP patients, symmetric distribution was more common(94%, 87%) Tremor occurred in 27 patients (87%). In patients with tremor, postural or action tremor was dominant in 15 patients(56%) asymmetric distribution was more common(16/27, 59%). There are no statistical difference in motor score of UPDRS between trihexyphenidyl & amantadine monotherapy group(student t-test, p<0.05) CONCLUSIONS: Bradykinesia was the most common 1st symptom in DIP patients. Asymmertrical postural or action tremor was relativelly common in DIP. Amantadine showed the same efficacy in the treatment of DIP compared to anticholinergics.
Amantadine ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Cholinergic Antagonists ; Humans ; Hypokinesia ; Parkinson Disease ; Parkinsonian Disorders* ; Tremor ; Trihexyphenidyl

Accidents, Traffic ; Diagnosis ; Facial Injuries ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Jeollanam-do ; Lacerations ; Male ; Mandibular Fractures ; Neck ; Postoperative Complications ; Social Environment ; Surgery, Oral ; Violence

PURPOSE: We compared the outcome of transurethral electro-vaporization of the prostate (TVP) with that of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patient with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-four patients with BPH were treated with TVP (Group I) and sixty-two with TURP (Group II). Patients were assessed at baseline for both safety and efficacy and in follow-up at 1 and 3 months. Efficacy parameters evaluated included American Urological Association (AUA) symptom score, peak urinary flow rate (Qmax) and post-void residual urine volume (ml). Safety parameters evaluated included incidence of side effects, operative time, postoperative catheterization time, change in hematocrit and serum sodium. RESULTS: The mean prostate size was 28.4+/-4.8gm in GroupI and 37.1+/-5.3gm in Group II. The mean operation time was shorter in Group I (48.2+/-10.5min) than in Group II (75.2+/-32.6min) (p<0.05). The change of hematocrit (%) was lower in Group I (from 40.2+/-4.1 to 38.7+/-4.1) than in Group II (from 40.3+/-3.8 to 34.9+/-5.5), (p<0.05). The mean catheterization time was 3.2+/-1.2 days and 4.9+/-1.9 days (p<0.05). The change of peak urinary flow rate, post-void residual urine volume, AUA symptom score, incidence of postoperative complications was not significantly different between each group. CONCLUSIONS: Although the TURP is the gold standard for the treatment of symptomatic BPH with high success rate, significant morbidities are associated with this procedure. Our early clinical experience highlights several advantages of electro-vaporization, particulary the low incidence of postoperative morbidity.
Catheterization ; Catheters ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Incidence ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Sodium ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate

To measure the mutagenic activity of micro-organic pollutants in drinking water, mutagenic test was conducted using Salmnella typhimurium TA 98 strain on the water sample taken from three water supply station and six tap water in Seoul in July and November 1987. The results were as follows : 1. The average amounts of organic matters in raw, treated, and tap water sampled in July were 0.38mg/l, 0.28mg/l, and 0.45mg/l, respectively, and sampled in November were 0.34mg/l, 0.24mg/l, and 0.22mg/l, respectively. The amount of organic matters of tap water sampled in November did not increase while that of tap water sampled in July increased compare to those of raw or treated water. 2. The amount of organic matters is the highest in neutral fraction compare to acidic and basic fractions. 3. In the five out of six tap water and raw water of Paldang and Kuui station sampled in July, the mutagenic ratios were greater than two (both direct and indirect mutagenicity). 4. In the three out six tap water and raw and treated water of Kuui station sampled in November, the mutagenic ratios were greater than two. 5. While mutagenic were low in acidic and basic fraction, they were high in neutral fraction. The samples which had high mutagenic activity in the total amount also showed high mutagenic activity in neutral fraction. 6. While mutagenic activity was decreased after the treatment of water, it was increased in tap water as the distance from the water supply station increases.
Drinking Water* ; Drinking* ; Seoul* ; Water ; Water Supply

No abstract available.
Neurofibroma, Plexiform* ; Urinary Bladder*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was firstly to introduce a Participatory Action-Oriented Training (PAOT) program for the prevention of work-related musculoskeletal diseases (WRMSDs) in Small and Medium sized Enterprises in the Gumi Industrial Zone, and secondly to assess its effect. METHODS: Two PAOT workshops to prevent WRMSDs were conducted with 39 volunteer participants from 10 companies selected (on a first-come, first-served basis) among 200 small- or medium-sized enterprises in Gumi. These companies had been provided with mandatory occupational health management agency services for Small and Medium sized Enterprises by an occupational medicine clinic. Each workshop consisted of 6 technical sessions and one closing ceremony. At the 1st session, the principles of each action checklist item were explained and an on-site checklist exercise was carried out. The 2nd to 5th sessions presented good example pictures on 4 subjects: material storage and handling, working environment, work organization and work-related welfare. Group discussions were carried out by the participants. In the final 6th session on the implementation of improvement, each participant was asked to present 6 action plans, 3 short-term and 3 long-term, for their own workplace improvement. RESULTS: Overall, the participants worked out 47 real action plans, 27 short-term and 20 long-term, for improvement of their own workplaces. Three to 6 months after the workshops, through in-person visits to each company, it was confirmed that more than half of these 47 plans had been completed; 25 plans (53.2%) had been completed as planned, 8 (17.0%) were in processing, and 14 (29.8%) had not yet been put into practice. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings confirmed that the PAOT program holds strong potential as an intervention method to prevent WRMSDs in Small and Medium sized Enterprises, although the final results have not been fully assessed yet.
Checklist ; Education ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; Occupational Health ; Occupational Medicine ; Volunteers

No abstract available.
Cardiomyopathies* ; Peripartum Period*

No abstract available
Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Eczema* ; Humans ; Nipples*

Cervical pregnancy is a rare and dangerous form of ectopic pregnancy in which the blastocyst implants within the cervical canal below the internal os of the uterine cervix. The characteristic clinical sign is a severe asymptomatic uterine bleeding in early pregnancy or during curettage. Most cervical pregnancies result in early spontaneous abortion, complicated by severe hemorrhage from the eroded blood vessels within the cervical tissue. Because of uncontrolled profuse vaginal bleeding, total hysterectomy has been the mostly necessitated to control life-threatening bleeding. Transvaginal sonography allows early diagnosis, and conservative treatment (two-time treatment : first treatement with systemic or intraamnionic methotrexate, secondly with curettage or ligature of the uterine arteries) improves the patient's fertility. Successful treatment is defined as elimination of the cervical pregnancy with preservation of the uterus. We report two cases of cervical pregnancy managed, successfully with methotrexate, leucovorin and curettage.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Blastocyst ; Blood Vessels ; Cervix Uteri ; Curettage ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Fertility ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Leucovorin ; Ligation ; Methotrexate ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Uterus

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical and radiological results of the operative treatment in the avulsion fracture on the base of the fifth metatarsal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied retrospectively, 11 patients of avulsion fracture on the base of the fifth metatarsal operated and followed over 1 year, from February 2000 to May 2002. There were eight men and three women and the average age was 39 years old. The mean follow up period was 14 months. Ten cases were slip-down and one case was fall from a height injuries. We used the modified Foot Score by Wiener for the clinical evaluation, and analyzed the time of union and state of reduction radiologically. RESULTS: In clinical results, we had ten excellent and one good cases by the modified Foot Score at last follow-up. In radiologic results, the complete bony union was achieved in all cases and the duration of the bony union was 37 days in average. CONCLUSION: We had good result for the avulsion fractures on the base of the fifth metatarsal treated by the operation. This study shows the operation was recommended for the moderate and severe displacement of the avulsion fractures on the base of the fifth metatarsal.
Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Humans ; Male ; Metatarsal Bones* ; Retrospective Studies