Statistical observation was made on 117 cases of congenital anomalies of the genitourinary tract in Korean children who had been admitted to Department of Urology, St. Mary's Hospital from January 1. 1965 to December 31.1972. Statistical observation was included age and sex distribution, clinical manifestation, annual and organ distribution, associated diseases with anomalies and the kinds of operation methods. The results were as follows; 1. 174 cases (11%) were pediatric patients among the total number of patients admitted to Vrologic department during observation. 2. 117 cases (7.3%) of pediatric patients among the total number of patients admitted to the Urologic department during observation had congenital anomalies of the genitourinary tact. 3. The ratio of congenital anomaly to acquired disease in pediatients was approximately 2: l. 4. The congenital anomaly of the genitourinary tract affected both male and female patients (ratio of 15.9 : 1) with a peak incidence in the four to ten age range. 5. The most vulnerable organs of the geni1ourinary tract anomaly were genitalia and urethra. 6. In the genitourinary tract diseases congenital anomaly, injury, tumor and tuberculosis were the most common diseases. 7. 13 cases (33. 3%) of the urinary tract anomaly were accompanied with pyelonephritis, hydronephrosis and ureterovesical reflux.
Child* ; Female ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Incidence ; Male ; Pyelonephritis ; Sex Distribution ; Tuberculosis ; Urethra ; Urinary Tract ; Urology

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Immunotherapy*

Paragonimiasis has been recognized as a major public health problem in Korea. This disease is a chronic inflammatory process which frequently involve to the lung and rarely to other organs,(ectopic infection). A case of a ureteral stricture by ectopic infection of Paragonimus westermani at the retroperitoneum was presented with a brief review of literature.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Korea ; Lung ; Paragonimiasis* ; Paragonimus westermani ; Public Health ; Ureter*

No abstract available.
Catalase ; Erythrocytes* ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Superoxide Dismutase

Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome is one of the very rare genetic diseases which primarily affects face, hands and feet. At first, Freeman and Sheldon described this syndrome as cranio-carpo-tarsal dystrophy in 1938 and later Burian, as "whistling face" syndrome in 1963. There were 60 cases of reports in the world up to now, and only one paper with 5 cases in a family was reported in Korea. The authors report 2 cases of Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome associated with bilateral inguinal hernias and undescended tests in a family, briefly review the literature and alert orthopaedic surgeons to this condition.
Cryptorchidism ; Foot ; Hand ; Hernia, Inguinal ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Surgeons

BACKGROUND: Propofol is a widely used hypnotic, however hyperlipidemia is one of the disadvantages caused by its formulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the concentration of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL-cholesterol) and triglycerides during general anesthesia with propofol using a target controlled infusion. METHODS: With Institutional Review Board approval and informed consent, thirty premedicated (atropine 0.5 mg, I.M) adult patients (ASA class I or II, 18 - 55 yrs) scheduled for elective surgery were studied. A TCI of propofol was started at a target concentration of 6.0ng/ml. After intubation with the aid of vecuronium (0.15 mg/kg), anesthesia was maintained with propofol in combination with 67% N2O and 33% O2. Blood was sampled from the median cubital vein for total cholesterol, HDL- cholesterol, and triglycerides at 0, 1, and 2 hours during anesthesia, the end of surgery, and 24, 48, and 72 hours after anesthesia. RESULTS: At 1 and 2 hours, and the end of surgery, triglyceride concentrations showed a significant increase compared to the control (P < 0.05), however it declined steeply to normal range during the next 24 hours. The total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentrations were within a normal range throughout the study period. There was a correlation between triglyceride concentrations (peak triglyceride concentration-control triglyceride concentration) and amount of infused propofol (Spearman's r = 0.42, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Because the infusion of propofol during anesthesia results in a significant increase in triglyceride concentrations, we should consider checking the triglyceride concentrations intermittently in critically ill patients who receive propofol. However, propofol may be safe to healthy patient for general anesthesia.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Cholesterol ; Critical Illness ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Informed Consent ; Intubation ; Lipoproteins ; Propofol* ; Reference Values ; Triglycerides ; Vecuronium Bromide ; Veins

Postpartum hemorrhage is a common cause of maternal mortality; its main cause is placenta accreta. Therapeutic hypothermia is a generally accepted means of improving clinical signs in postcardiopulmonary resuscitation patients. A 41-year-old pregnant woman underwent a cesarean section under general anesthesia at 37 weeks of gestation. After the cesarean section, the patient experienced massive postpartum bleeding, which led to cardiac arrest. Once spontaneous circulation returned, the patient underwent an emergency hysterectomy and was placed under therapeutic hypothermia management. The patient recovered without neurological complications.
Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Cesarean Section ; Emergencies ; Female ; Heart Arrest* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Hypothermia, Induced* ; Hysterectomy* ; Maternal Mortality ; Placenta Accreta ; Postpartum Hemorrhage* ; Postpartum Period* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Resuscitation

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a connective tissue disease which can affect every organ system. Neurologic abnormalities are common, occuring in approximately half of all patients at some time during the course of their illness. But symptoms of nervous system as the sole presenting symptoms occur in less than 1% of lupus patients. In patients initially presenting with neurologic symptoms and signs, differential diagnosis is difficult and sometimes it may be misdiagnosed. Therefore extensive laboratory investigations should be carried out in all patients with unusual neurological symptoms, since early diagnosis of lupus can help in providing effective treatment. We report a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who presented with dysarthria and dysphagia resembling multiple sclerosis.
Connective Tissue Diseases ; Deglutition Disorders ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dysarthria ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Multiple Sclerosis* ; Nervous System ; Neurologic Manifestations

BACKGROUND: The number of the elderly living in a home for the aged is increasing as the socio-culture changes, but health management for the institutionalized elderly has been discontinuos, centered on the single treatment of the disease. The aim of this study is to collect baseline data which is for development of the health maintenance program for the elderly living in a house for the aged. METHODS: We reviewed the journals related to the health maintenance program for the elderly. We selected the contents about health management program for the elderly. 3 domain of the contens were done. The 3 domain were physical health (interview for health habit, physical exam, clinical test), mental health (Korean version of geriatric depression scale, Korean version of mini mental status examination), assessment of functional status (katz activities of daily living, lawtons instrumental activities of living).. 158 elderly people living in a home for the aged in Seoul have been researched since August 1996. RESULT: Total subjects were 158 (men 73, women 85). The average age was 78.1(+/-7.2). The rate of smoking, alcohol drinking, exercise were 32%, 20.4%, 34.4%, each. The rate of assitive device use was 28.3%. The prevalence of sleep distur-bance, urinary incontinence were 69.7%, 17.3%. The prevalence of gait disturbance was 38.4%. The occurrence rate of falling for last 1 year was 29.6%. The prevalence of fear of falling was 57.2%. The positive rate of VDRL was 12.3%, the prevalence of anemia was 48.7%. The prevalence of degenerative arthritis, hypertension were 44.2%, 31.3%, each. The prevalence of depression, dementia were 71.3%, 56.7%, each. The rate of elderly person dependent on one and more ADL was 8.1%. CONCLUSION: We found the health status of the elderly living in a home for the aged. On the basis of the results of the study, it is needed that continuous application of the program for management of the elderly in a home for the aged, keeping searching proper contents of examination and methods of measurement.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged* ; Alcohol Drinking ; Anemia ; Dementia ; Depression ; Female ; Gait ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Mental Health ; Osteoarthritis ; Prevalence ; Seoul ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Urinary Incontinence

PURPOSE: To compare the outcomes of indocyanine green (ICG) and triamcinolone (TA) assisted internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling during idiopathic macular hole surgery. METHODS: Fifty-four eyes of 54 patients with idiopathic macular hole underwent pars plana vitrectomy including peeling of the posterior cortical hyaloid and peeling of the internal limiting membrane. For enhanced visualization of ILM, ICG was used in 25 eyes and TA in the remaining 29 eyes. Postoperative visual acuity was measured and OCT was performed. RESULTS: Anatomical closure was achieved in 25 eyes (100%) in ICG group and 28 eyes (97%) in TA group, Best corrected visual acuity improvement by > or =2 lines was in 15 eyes (60%) in ICG group and 18 eyes (62%) in TA group. Postoperative visual improvement rates by > or =20/50 were 10 eyes (40%) in ICG group and 9 eyes (31%) in TA group. CONCLUSIONS: Peeling of the internal limiting membrane using triamcinolone and indocyanine green was safe and effective for anatomic and functional success in idiopathic macular hole surgery. Further studies of the toxicity of TA, ICG and the result of internal limiting membrane peeling is needed.
Humans ; Indocyanine Green* ; Membranes ; Retinal Perforations* ; Triamcinolone* ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy