Although the reported number of malignant lymphoma of the thyroid has been increased, primary malignant lymphoma of the thyroid associated with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis has been sporadically reported since its first description by Graham in 1931. The apparent coexistence of these two conditions has undoubtedly been noted by other observers. And they suggested that malignant lymphoma of the thyroid might arise from the lymphoid tissue ina wide variety of preexisting thyroidal disease. This report was made to record a case of primary thyroid lymphoma recently seen in this department with special emphasis on the associated thyroiditic changes in the uninvolved portion of the gland, which suggest the antecedent presence of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of Tc-99m DTPA diuretic renal scans in children upper urinary tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed diuretic renal scans of 14 pediatric patients (age range: 3 days to 4 years) with unilateral hydronephrosis diagnosed by ultrasonography. Diuretic renal scan was done using Tc-99m DTPA and standardized protocol. In 3 neonates, diuretic renal scans were performed within 1 week and 3-7 months after birth. RESULTS: Six patients required pyeloplasty and eight were managed conservatively. All 6 patients requiring pyeloplasty were diagnosed as having ureteropelvic junction obstruction in the diuretic renal scan. In these 6 patients, post-operative renal scans at 3-12 months after surgery were converted to nonobstructive pattern in 5 and a nonobstructive patterns in 1. In 3 patients who underwent diuretic renal scan within 1 week after birth., nonobstructive patterns of initial scan were coverted to obstructive patterns in the follow-up scan. However, all patients with nonobstructive diuretic renal scans performed after the neonatal period did well on serial ultrasonography and showed favorable clinical outcome without progression to obstruction. CONCLUSION: Tc-99m DTPA diuretic renal scan with standarized protocol is useful in assessing suspected ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children as an initial diagnostic or post-operative follow-up modality. Nonobstructive or indeterminate scan RESULTS in the neonatal period requires follow-up scan to monitor development of the obstructive pattern.
Child* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Infant, Newborn ; Kidney Pelvis ; Parturition ; Pentetic Acid* ; Radioisotope Renography* ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Tract*

Progressive muscular dystrophy is a genetically determined myopathy of unknown etiology and is a primary degenerative disease of skeletal muscle fibers. The authors reviewed 32 cases of progressive muscular dystrophy and made following observations. 1. The types among the 32 cases were as follows. 1) Duchenne type ; 16 2) Limb-Girdle type ;12 3) Facioscapulohumeral type ;3 4) Distal myopathy ;1 5) Ocular myopathy ;0 2. 13 of the 32 patients had relevant family history. 3. In general, creatinine excretion was decreased in 24-hour urine and creatine was increased. 4. 6 of the 10 patients tested had increased serum C.P.K. level.
Creatine ; Creatinine ; Distal Myopathies ; Humans ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal ; Muscular Diseases ; Muscular Dystrophies

Gallstone ileus is a well-known complication of cholelithiasis, but is relatively rare. Most ectopic gallstones are located in the small bowel; they are rarely found in the stomach and duodenum. We describe the imaging findings of a case of intragastric gallstone, as well as a case in which duodenal obstruction was caused by a large gallstone (Bouveret's syndrome).
Cholelithiasis ; Duodenal Obstruction ; Duodenum ; Gallstones* ; Ileus ; Stomach

PURPOSE: To determine (1) the relationship between the cortical defects seen on 99 mTc-DMSA renal scans and age, and (2) the presence and degree of vesicoureteral reflux, and then to depict the risk factors for cortical defects in children with acute urinary tract infection (UTI). Furthermore, to assess the diagnostic value of VCUG in predicting a defect on 99 mTc-DMSA renal scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 134 kidneys in 67 children aged 15 days-10 years (M:F=39:28) in whom symptomatic UTI was present. In all these children, both DMSA renal scans and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) were performed. Scanning took place within 7 days of diagnosis and VCUG was performed after one month of diagnosis. Scintigraphic findings were graded according to the extent and number of cortical defects. We evaluated the relationships between the cortical defects seen on DMSA scans and age, and the grade of vesicoureteral reflux. The diagnostic value of VCUG in predicting cortical defects was analysed. Results: The prevalence of cortical defects was greater in patients older than two years (38/54, 70%) than in those aged less than two (38/80, 48%). The frequency of cortical defects was related to vesicoureteral reflux (p<0.05) and grade of reflux (p<0.05). As this latter increased, the extent of cortical defects also increased (p<0.05), and DMSA scans revealed the presence of these in 76 of the 134 kidneys (57%) with acute UTI. In 30 of these 76 (39.5%), VCUG demonstrated the presence of vesicoureteral reflex. On the other hand, vesi-coureteral reflex was found in 36 of the 134 kidneys (27%), and in 30 of these 36 (83%), cortical defects were noted. The sensitivity of VCUG in predicting cortical defect was 39.5%, while specificity was 89.7%. The positive predictive value for defects was 83.3%, and the negative predictive value was 53.1%. The relative risk of cortical defect in the presence of vesicoureteral reflux was 1.78. CONCLUSION: Renal cortical defects are significantly related to age and grade of vesicoureteral reflux. Risk factors for developing cortical defects were older age (> or =2yrs) at the time of acute UTI, and high grade of vesicoureteral reflux. The specificity of VCUG in predicting cortical defects is relatively high but the sensitivitiy is low, and a significant proportion of cortical defects therefore occurred in the absence of vesicoureteral reflux.
Child* ; Diagnosis ; Hand ; Humans ; Kidney ; Prevalence ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Reflex ; Risk Factors* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Succimer* ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

The mesectodermal leiomyosarcoma of the orbit is extremely rare disease. An 81-year-old woman presented with progressive painless proptosis in her right eye of 1 month duration. Computed tomographic scan of the orbit demonstrated 5-cm size lobulating mass of the right orbit which displaces eyeball anteriorly and bulges out to temporalis portion with severe destruction of lateral orbital wall and intracranial extension. For diagnostic pur-pose, incisional biopsy was performed. Light microscopic examination showed the characteristics of neurogenic tumor. Electron microscopic examination disclosed the features of smooth muscle cells as well as neural differentiation of the tumor, leading to the diagnosis of mesectodermal leiomyosarcoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of mesectodermal leiomyosar-coma of the orbit in Korea
Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Orbit ; Rare Diseases

Although the nasogastric tube (NGT) is widely used in critically ill patients, most intensivists do not give much thought to it or its possible complications. NGT syndrome is a rare but fatal complication characterized by throat pain and vocal cord paralysis in the presence of NGT. Recently, we experienced a case of NGT syndrome developed in an 86-year-old female twelve days after NGT insertion. We immediately removed the NGT and secured the airway by tracheostomy. She was treated successfully with an intravenous antibiotic, steroid and proton pump inhibitor and the syndrome did not recur after reinsertion of the NGT.
Aged, 80 and over ; Critical Illness ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units* ; Critical Care* ; Pharynx ; Proton Pumps ; Tracheostomy ; Vocal Cord Paralysis

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The clinical criteria of soft lining materials are resilience over an extended period, capability of forming a strong bond with denture base materials, dimensional stability, adequate tear strength, and color stability. Many researches and reports dealt with food colorants or denture cleanser, but not with fermented foods. PURPOSE: This study was designed to assess what fermented foods, such as soy sauce and red pepper paste that many Koreans have eaten, influence on the color stability of soft denture liners. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The color differences(delta E*) were measured by spectrophotometer with different immersion time. For the procedure, thirty disk-shape specimens per 4 soft denture liners(Molloplast-B(R), Ufi Gel SC(R), Dura Base(R), Sofreliner MS(R)) were fabricated with a thickness of 2mm and 16mm in diameter. Each 10 specimen were immersed into the beakers of fermented foods and distilled water, and L*, a*, and b* values were measured for the color difference(delta E*), on the 1st, 7th, and 28th day with spectrophotometer. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: 1. There were significant differences between samples(soy sauces, red pepper pastes, and distilled water) in Sofreliner MS(R) of 1st day after immersion(p<0.05). There were significant differences between samples in Sofreliner MS(R) and Ufi Gel SC(R) of 7th days after immersion(p<0.05). There were significant differences between samples in Molloplast-B(R) of 28th day after immersion(p<0.05). 2. In red pepper pastes, delta E* values of Molloplast-B(R), Ufi Gel SC(R), Sofreliner MS(R) were higher than 3.3. Those values were not clinically acceptable. In soy sauces, delta E* values of all denture liners were lower than 3.3. delta E* values of Ufi Gel SC(R) were higher than those of other denture liners. 3. Based on the above results, red pepper paste causes more discoloration than soy sauce.
Capsicum ; Denture Bases ; Denture Cleansers ; Denture Liners* ; Dentures* ; Food Coloring Agents ; Immersion ; Ointments ; Soy Foods ; Tears ; Water

OBJECTIVE: The maturation in the central nervous system and the myelination of visual pathway were shown to be reflected by the visual evoked potential (VEP) response recordings. The purpose of this study was to establish normal value of flash visual evoked potentials in preterm infants, especially left to right difference. METHOD: Forty-one preterm infants from 31 to 40 weeks of corrected age had been made VEP records using Cadwell Excel EMG/EP system. Some in whom weekly VEP records had been made at least 3 times were included in longitudinal study and others in occasionally VEP records were included in cross-sectional study. Infants with neurological problems or anomalies, perinatal infectious and other severe systemic disease were excluded. RESULTS: 1) In the VEP study, we were able to establish the reference ranges for N300 peak latency at various corrected ages. 2) The latency of N300 peak latency was not significantly correlated with birth weight, sex, head circumference. 3) The latency of N300 peak decrease linearly, the age increased and also the decrement of N300 peak latency was accelerated at 37 weeks of gestational ages. CONCLUSION: Although VEPs from preterm infants have several peaks, N300 latency is the most prominent and the most reproducible. It has been considered the most important component of the preterm VEPs.
Birth Weight ; Central Nervous System ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Evoked Potentials, Visual* ; Gestational Age ; Head ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Longitudinal Studies ; Myelin Sheath ; Reference Values ; Visual Pathways

Laryngeal schwannoma is extremely rare. We report the CT and MRI findings of a case occurring in a 65-year-oldwoman, and describe the pathologic correlation. Pre-contrast CT scanning revealed a right supraglot-tic mass witha slightly hyperdense central part and a hypodense peripheral part. Post-contrast CT scanning re-vealed anenhanced hyperdense central part and a rim-like hypodense peripheral part. The density of the pe-ripheral part waslower than that of muscle. The mass showed homogeneous low signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images, homogeneoushigh signal intensity on T2-weighted MR images, and an enhanced high signal intensity central part and a lowsignal intensity peripheral part on gadolinium enhanced T1-weighted images. The enhanced central part correlatedwith Antoni A areas and the peripheral part, showing low attenuation, correlated with Antoni B areas.
Gadolinium ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurilemmoma* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed