No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight*

This study was carried out to understand the relationship between specific chromosome changes and their phenotypic consequences at the tissue level of human lung cancers. Then paraffin-embedded human lung squamous cell carcinoma samples were investigated for in evidence of genetic alterations, using chromosome 7 and 17-specific repetitive alpha-satellite DNA probes. In situ hybridization procedure with chromosome-specific DNA probes was optimized for use on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lung tissue sections. The chromosome index ranged from 1.10 to 1.88(median, 1.49) for chromosome 7 and 1.20 to 1.98(median, 1.69) for chromosome 17. Normal lymphocytes and stromal cells showed one or two chromosome signals per cell in most cases. All tumors showed three or more chromosome signals per cell with range of 16.0% to 80.6% of cancer cells(median, 50.9%) for chromosome 7 and 32.7% to 84.7%(median, 69.9%) for chromosome 17. The chromosome index did not correlate with the DNA content in most cases. Chromosomes 7 and 17 were either overrepresented or underrepresented when they were compared with corresponding DNA index determined by FCM. An increase in copy number, particularly of chromosome 7 was associated with a less favorable phenotype, including high nuclear grade. In addition, chromosome alterations were differentially expressed in the different areas of the same tissue section, correlating with histologic heterogeneity. These results suggest that chromosome polysomy can be reliably detected in tissue sections using in situ hybridization. There is a strong correlation between genotypic abnormalities and tumor phenotype in human lung cancer. This capability will prove to be an important tool for determining the underlying genetic basis for tumor development, tissue phenotype heterogeneity and progression by allowing genetic determination to be made on paraffin-embedded tissue sections where tumor histologic architecture is preserved.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms

We studied 21 neonates who required mechanical ventilation during study period in NICU OF Il Sin Christian Hospital with diagosis of prematurity, IRDS, pneumothorax and diaphragmatic hernia to evaluate the accuracy of pulse oximeter in predicting the arterial oxygen saturtion, hypoxia and hyperoxemia. We also studied whether the changes of birth weight, hematocrit, blood pressure and body temperature affect the accuracy of pulse oximeter. The results are 1) Linear regression analysis revealed a close correlation between in vivo pulse oximeter readings and in vitro SaO2 measurements in patients (Y=0.008X+12.34, r=0.946) 2) The changes of birth weight, hematocrit, blood pressure and body temperature did not affect the accuracy of pulse oximeter. 3) SpO2-PaO2 relationship was similar to the SsO2-PaO2 relationship. 4) When Nellcor N-100 pulse oximeter was setted at alarm limit 96% to avoid hyperoxemia, it identified 16 of 22 hyperoxemic instances (sensitivity 73%) and alarmed falsely in 48 of 92 nonhyperoxemic instances (specificity 59%).
Anoxia ; Birth Weight ; Blood Pressure ; Body Temperature ; Hematocrit ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Linear Models ; Oxygen* ; Pneumothorax ; Reading ; Respiration, Artificial

No abstract available.
Abortion, Spontaneous* ; Chorion* ; Chorionic Villi* ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Addison Disease*

PURPOSE: This study was to compare the predictive validity of Norton Scale(1962), Cubbin & Jackson Scale(1991), and Song & Choi Scale(1991). METHOD: Data were collected three times per week from 48-72hours after admission based on the four pressure sore risk assessment scales and a skin assessment tool for pressure sore on 112 intensive care unit(ICU) patients in a educational hospital Ulsan during Dec, 11, 2000 to Feb, 10, 2001. Four indices of validity and area under the curve(AUC) of receiver operating characteristic(ROC) were calculated. RESULT: Based on the cut off point presented by the developer, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value were as follows : Norton Scale : 97%, 18%, 35%, 93% respectively; Cubbin & Jackson Scale : 89%, 61%, 51%, 92%, respectively; and Song & Choi Scale : 100%, 18%, 36%, 100% respectively. Area under the curves(AUC) of receiver operating characteristic(ROC) were Norton Scale .737, Cubbin & Jackson Scale .826, Song & Choi Scale .683. CONCLUSION: The Cubbin & Jackson Scale was found to be the most valid pressure sore risk assessment tool. Further studies on patients with chronic conditions may be helpful to validate this finding.

A variety of disease states are marked by prolonged and profound eosinophilia associated with localized or widespread eosinophilic infiltrates. Cardiac involvement maybe a major cause of morbidity and mortality of this disease. We report a case of acute peri-myocarditis with eosinophilia, which was confirmed as eosinophilic myocardilic myocarditis by endomyocardial biopsy.
Biopsy ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils* ; Mortality ; Myocarditis*

Maple syrup urine disease(MSUD) is an autosomal recessive disorder involving the metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids(BCAA) such as leucine, isoleucine and valine. The disorder is due to a defect in branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase(BCKAD) and the classic form causes rapid progressive and overwhelming illness beginning in the first weeks of life, present with poor feeding, lethargy, change in muscle tone, acidosis, seizures and coma. The goal of therapy in acutely ill patients with MSUD is an immediate reduction in the plasma levels of the BCAAs and branched-chain ketoacids. In this report, we describe an infant with MSUD who was treated by dietary therapy alone. During the therapy, acrodermatitis enteropathica-like syndrome developed with low plasma isoleucine concentration while she was receiving a formula deficient in BCAAs.
Acer* ; Acidosis ; Acrodermatitis* ; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain ; Coma ; Diet Therapy* ; Diet* ; Humans ; Infant ; Isoleucine ; Lethargy ; Leucine ; Maple Syrup Urine Disease* ; Metabolism ; Plasma ; Seizures ; Valine

Adenoid is a kind of tonsil located in the posterior wall of nasopharynx. Enlargement of the adenoid can produce obstruction of the nasopharynx and Eustachian tube. Disturbance in discharge of nasal and paranasal secretions can be a cause of chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, and otitis media. Diagnosis of enlarged adenoid simply by inspection is difficult due to its location. Measurement of nasopharyngeal airway and adenoid using lateral radiographs of nasopharynx may be inaccurate for magnification and rotation. It was some limitations in demonstrating the actual state of nasopharyngeal airway and adenoid because it gives only two-dimensional informations. The authors measured the sizes and areas of nasopharyngeal airway and adenoid using MRI with sagittal and oblique coronal pilot views of T1 weighted spin echo. We categorized the patients into 4 groups according to the scoring system by symptoms such as apnea, mouth breathing, and snoring. The results of several measurements and their ratios were evaluated in these 4 categorized patients. The ratios of area of adenoid and nasopharyngeal airway(AA/Na) in each patient group were 6.52, 7.76, 10.53, 15.93, respectively. And the ratios of adenoid and nasopharyngeal airway (A/N) by Fujioka's method were 0.6, 0.65, 0.69, 0.71, respectively. We found that AA/Na might be the most effective index as an objective indicator in the evaluation of nasopharyngeal obstruction by the enlarged adenoid.
Adenoids* ; Apnea ; Diagnosis ; Eustachian Tube ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Methods ; Mouth Breathing ; Nasopharynx ; Otitis Media ; Palatine Tonsil ; Rhinitis ; Sinusitis ; Snoring