No abstract available.
Phosphatidylcholines* ; Phospholipases A2* ; Phospholipases*

No abstract available.
Ganglion Cysts* ; Knee Joint* ; Knee*

The tibiofemoral angle is widely used for the diagnosis and treatment of knee problems, especially in degenerative joint disease of the knee. Among the various methods of measurement of tibiofemoral angle, Bauers method is being used most frequently. But measurement by Bauers method has seemed to show wide individual differences. Therefore we designed a ruler which can be used very easily for the measurement of the tibiofemoral angle with little differences between persons who measure the angle. To testify the advantages of our method, we selected 4 orthopedic surgeons and let them measure the tibiofemoral angles of 60 knees of 30 patients by Bauers method and by our method using the ruler. And 20 orthopedic surgeons measured tibiofemoval angles of 2 left knees by Bauers method and by our method using the ruler. The values of the tibiofemoral angle by two methods were compared and analyzed statistically. There was no significant differences between mean values. But, the tibiofemoral angles by our new method showed little differences among measurers. (P < 0.05)
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Individuality ; Joint Diseases ; Knee ; Linear Energy Transfer ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Surgeons

Cyclopia is rare congenital craniofacial anomaly, in which the eyes are fused together and located in a single orbit. It is consistently associated with severe holoprosencephaly, which is the failure of cleavage of the prosencephalon with a deficit in the midline facial development. chromosomal study revealed 47, X( ), +13 (Patau syndrome).
Holoprosencephaly ; Orbit ; Prosencephalon ; Trisomy*

No abstract available.
Cartilage* ; Congenital Abnormalities*

No abstract available.
Sturge-Weber Syndrome*

The hemodynamic interactions of lidocaine and diltiazem during halothane anesthesia were studied using eight mongrel dogs. The animals were anesthetized with inhalation of 1.0 MAC of halothane(GroupH) continuously throughout the experiment. 30 minutes after the inhalated and end-tidal halothane concentration reached equilibrium, 0.2 mg/kg of diltiazem was given intravenously over 2.0 min. From that point 8 ug/kg/min of diltiazem was continuously infused (group HD). Then a small dose of lidocaine(group HD1; iv bolus 1.5 mg/kg over l min, followed by continuous iv infusion at the rate of O.l mg/kg/min for 30 min) and a large dose of lidocaine (group HDI; iv bolus 1.0 mg/kg over I min, followed by continuous iv infusion at the rate of 0.3 mg/kg/min for 30 min) were administered serially. In group HD, PR interval increased significantly(22.2%) and coronary perfusion pressure decreased significantly(l9.3%), compared with group H. Compared with group H, significant increase in PR interval(44.4%), and decreases in diastolic arterial blood pressure(28%), mean arterial blood pressure(20.1%) and rate pressure product(35.2%) occured in group HD1. In group HDL, a significant decrease in heart rate(20.7%) and coronary perfusion pressure(33.0%) also occured, compared with group H. No significant changes in oxygen transport and consumption existed among groups. The most significant result of the injection of lidocaine diltiazem during halothane anesthesia in dogs was increase in PR interval. Even in high doses of lidocaine, only slight hemody- namic depression resulted and no significant changes in tissue oxygenation occurred. Therefore, the combined administration of diltiazem and lidocaine in clinical doses during halothane anes- thesia in dogs is a relatively safe administrative method.
Anesthesia* ; Animals ; Depression ; Diltiazem* ; Dogs* ; Halothane* ; Heart ; Hemodynamics* ; Inhalation ; Lidocaine* ; Oxygen ; Perfusion

No abstract available.
Coronary Sinus*

The measurement of gastric emptying time is useful in differentiation of the hypochondriacal neurosis from the functional gastrointestinal disturbance, and also useful in searching the hidden gastro-intestinal disease in patients who are believed as the functional gastrointestinal disturbance. We confirmed in this study that the more delayed gastric emptying time was measured in functional gastrointestinal disturbance compared to normal group, and more shortened gastric emptying time was found after treatment with dopamine antagonist (cleboril) in this group.
Dopamine ; Gastric Emptying* ; Gastrointestinal Diseases* ; Humans ; Hypochondriasis

BACKGROUND: The end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) is defined as a partial pressure of carbon dioxide at the end of an exhaled breath. And it has been found to correlate with cardiac output during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in animal model. The purpose of this study is to determine that the assessment of ETCO2 could provide a highly sensitive predictor of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during CPR. METHODS: Prospective, observational study was performed from Oct 1996 to Mar 1997 at the Severance hospital. All patients were endotracheally intubated and connected immediately to mainstream capnography sensor. We measured ETCO2 with Escort II model 20100 monitor(Medical Data Electronics, Inc, USA). It works on the principle of nondispersed infrared absorption with radiometric single beam optics. RESULTS: This study included 70 patients (52 were men) with a mean age of 54+/-15 years. ROSC was obtained in 43 patients. The initial ETCO2 averaged 15.5 +/-8.2 mmHg in survivors and 6.5+/-5.3 mmHg in nonsurvivors (p<0.01), and during the first 20 minutes of CPR, the maximal ETCO2 averaged 29.7+/-10.3 mmHg in survivors and 10.2+/-8.9 mmHg in nonsurvivors (p<0.01). ETCO2 was not significantly different in relation to initial rhythm, survival time after ROSC and possible cause of arrest. There is no cutoff value of ETCO2 satisfying greater than 90% of both sensitivity and specificity in predict ROSC. When maximal ETCO2 was less than 12 mmHg, we observed sensivity of 100% in predicting ROSC. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that ETCO2 measurement represents a valuable, noninvasive, and clinical tool for monitoring patients during CPR.
Absorption ; Capnography ; Carbon Dioxide* ; Carbon* ; Cardiac Output ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation* ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Observational Study ; Partial Pressure ; Prospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Survivors