Localized pigmented villonodular synovitis is a monoarticular proliferative condition that may affect any joint but is frequently found in the knee. The locaiized form was less frequent than the diffuse one. The estimated frequency of localized pigmented villonodular synovitis among patients performed an arthroscopic procedure was known one case lor each 2,500 cases. Previous reports pointed that the lower recurrence rate after the arthroscopic excision for localized form. We also experienced a case of localized pigmented viilonodular synovitis located at the posterior compartment of the knee, so we report this case with review of literatures.
Humans ; Joints ; Knee* ; Recurrence ; Synovitis ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular*

Anaphylactic deaths are frequently observed at autopsies. Since death associated with medical practice has become social concern, the identification of anaphylactic shock is an important part of forensic medicine. However, autopsy findings of anaphylactic shock are usually non-specific; therefore, the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock must be inferred from collecting data on the past history of the deceased, circumstances of death, and negative autopsy findings. The analysis of serum mast cell tryptase level is a well-known, useful ancillary test for the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock, but is not widely used in daily practice in Korea. We recently encountered 2 autopsy cases of anaphylactic shock and confirmed that analysis of serum mast cell tryptase level was useful for the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock. In this report, we present these 2 autopsy cases of anaphylactic shock, with literature review of the usefulness and limitations of serum mast cell tryptase analysis.
Anaphylaxis ; Autopsy ; Forensic Medicine ; Korea ; Mast Cells ; Tryptases

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the 3-item version of the Work Engagement Scale (WES-3), which is based on the Job DemandsResources (JD-R) model and was used in the 5 th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS). Methods: This study used data from the 5th KWCS (n = 50,205), which was conducted in 2017 with a sample of the Korean working population. The survey gathered comprehensive information on working conditions to define workforce changes and the quality of work and life. The reliability and internal consistency of the WES-3 were assessed using the corrected item-total correlation and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the construct validity of work engagement. The convergent validity was assessed using the correlation with the WHO-5 well-being index. Correlations between work engagement and JD-R factors were also calculated. Results: The Cronbach's alpha for work engagement was 0.776, indicating acceptable internal consistency. The model comprising 3 work engagement and 2 burnout items showed an excellent fit (χ2 : 382.05, Tucker-Lewis index: 0.984, comparative fit index: 0.994, root mean square error of approximation: 0.043). The convergent validity was significant (correlation coefficient: 0.42). Correlations with burnout and job demands were negligible, whereas correlations with job resources and job satisfaction were weakly positive. Conclusions The results of our study confirm that the WES-3 has acceptable reliability and validity.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the 3-item version of the Work Engagement Scale (WES-3), which is based on the Job DemandsResources (JD-R) model and was used in the 5 th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS). Methods: This study used data from the 5th KWCS (n = 50,205), which was conducted in 2017 with a sample of the Korean working population. The survey gathered comprehensive information on working conditions to define workforce changes and the quality of work and life. The reliability and internal consistency of the WES-3 were assessed using the corrected item-total correlation and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the construct validity of work engagement. The convergent validity was assessed using the correlation with the WHO-5 well-being index. Correlations between work engagement and JD-R factors were also calculated. Results: The Cronbach's alpha for work engagement was 0.776, indicating acceptable internal consistency. The model comprising 3 work engagement and 2 burnout items showed an excellent fit (χ2 : 382.05, Tucker-Lewis index: 0.984, comparative fit index: 0.994, root mean square error of approximation: 0.043). The convergent validity was significant (correlation coefficient: 0.42). Correlations with burnout and job demands were negligible, whereas correlations with job resources and job satisfaction were weakly positive. Conclusions The results of our study confirm that the WES-3 has acceptable reliability and validity.

Congenital triangular alopecia is an uncommon nonscarring form of alopecia. It presents with isolated alopecic patch at the frontotemporal area of the scalp. Although previously considered congenital, this condition usually is discovered after 2 years of age and, more recently, is thought to be acquired. We report a case of congenital triangular alopecia in a 12 month old female who had the lesion since birth.
Female ; Humans

Malignant eccrine spiradenoma is an exceedingly rare neoplasm. To date about 30 cases have been reported in the literature and there have been 2 reports in Korea. Herein we report a case of malignant eccrine spiradenoma in a 56-year-old female, who had 25-year history of solitary mass on the abdomen. Histologically, the mass consisted of benign eccrine spiradenomas adjacent to carcinomatous area showing nuclear pleomorphism and marked mitotic activity.
Abdomen ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Middle Aged

Acantholytic dyskeratosis is a regular histologic feature in Darier's disease, transient acantholytic dermatosis and warty dyskeratoma. It is also occasionally observed as an incidental histological finding in linear epidermal nevus. We report a case of acantholytic dyskeratotic epidermal nevus in an 11-month-old boy. The patient showed unilateral, brown colored verrucous plaque on the right shin. Histological finding showed hyperkeratosis, irregular acanthosis & focal acantholytic dyskeratosis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of lung volume on dependent lung opacity seen at thin-section CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In thirteen healthy volunteers, thin-section CT scans were performed at three levels (upper, mid, and lower portion of the lung) and at different lung volumes (10, 30, 50, and 100% vital capacity), using spirometric gated CT. Using a three-point scale, two radiologists determined whether dependent opacity was present, and estimated its degree. Regional lung attenuation at a level 2 cm above the diaphragm was determined using semiautomatic segmentation, and the diameter of a branch of the right lower posterior basal segmental artery was measured at each different vital capacity. RESULTS: At all three anatomic levels, dependent opacity occurred significantly more often at lower vital capacities (10, 30%) than at 100% vital capacity (p = 0.001). Visually estimated dependent opacity was significantly related to regional lung attenuation (p < 0.0001), which in dependent areas progressively increased as vital capacity decreased (p < 0.0001). The presence of dependent opacity and regional lung attenuation of a dependent area correlated significantly with increased diameter of a segmental arterial branch (r = 0.493 and p = 0.0002; r = 0.486 and p = 0.0003, respectively). CONCLUSION: Visual estimation and CT measurements of dependent opacity obtained by semiautomatic segmentation are significantly influenced by lung volume and are related to vascular diameter.
Adult ; Female ; Human ; Lung/*radiography ; Lung Volume Measurements ; Male ; Spirometry ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; *Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vital Capacity

BACKGROUND: Reperfusion of ischemic myocardium has been postulated to result in a specific oxygen radical mediated tissue injury. Iron may liberate during ischemia and we hypothesized that administration of the iron chelator, deferoxamine during ischemia would result in improved recovery after postischemic reperfusion. PURPOSE: To test whether iron-catalyzed processes contribute to myocardial necrosis during ischemia and reperfusion, deferoxamine was administered to block iron catalyzed hydroxyl radical formation in rabbits. METHODS: Eleven rabbits were divided into two groups: control group (n=5) and deferoxamine pretreatment group (n=6). the left circumflex coronay artery was ligated for 30 minutes and reperfused for 180 minutes. Area at risk (AR) was measured by non-stained area with ethylene blue injection into left atrium after left circumflex coronary artery ligation. Infarct size was measured by weighing after tripheyltetrazolium chloride staining. Heart rate was measured using electrocardiographic recording and systemic blood pressure was monitored by pressure transducer connected to the catheter in the left ventricle. RESULTS: 1. There was no significant difference of heart rate and blood pressure in deferoxamine pretreatment group compared with control group. 2. There was significant decrease of serum iron concentration after continuous infusion of deferoxamine compared with serum iron concentration before ligation of coronary artery (P<0.05). 3. There was no significant difference of area at risk between control and deferoxamine pretreatment group. 4. Area at necrosis to area at risk was significantly reduced in deferoxamine pretreatment group compared with control group (P<0.05) The results suggest that deferoxamine infusion prior to coronary artery occlusion has a significant benefit in reducing infarct size in this model.
Arteries ; Blood Pressure ; Catheters ; Coronary Vessels ; Deferoxamine* ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Atria ; Heart Rate ; Heart Ventricles ; Hydroxyl Radical ; Iron ; Ischemia ; Ligation ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardium ; Necrosis ; Oxygen ; Rabbits ; Reperfusion ; Transducers, Pressure

PURPOSES: The causes of altered mental status (AMS) are varied. Trauma accounts for 6.5%-36.3% of all AMS cases, and the mortality in these instances ranges from 20~80.5%. Multiple injury severity scoring systems exist to assist in the prognosing of trauma patients. We investigated the degree of correlation between injury severity scoring systems and prognoses of patients with AMS due to trauma. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 188 patients admitted to the emergency department of Konyang University Hospital who had trauma with AMS. We investigated the clinical characteristics of these patients and evaluated the usefulness of four injury severity scoring systems: revised trauma score (RTS), injury severity score (ISS), new injury severity score (NISS), and trauma and injury severity score (TRISS). RESULTS: The average scores of ISS and NISS were higher and RTS and TRISS were lower in the non-survivor group than in the survivor group (p<0.01). The area under the curve (AUC) for the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.725 for ISS and 0.733 for NISS, but these scoring systems had only a fair predictive ability. Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics showed no predictive ability differences for death between the four scoring systems. The predictive ability of all injury severity scoring systems to identify survivors was high (88.1~94.0%). In contrast, their predictive ability to identify non-survivors was low (29.6%~63.0%). CONCLUSIONS: In the use of RTS, ISS, NISS, and TRISS for evaluating trauma patients with AMS, none of the four systems exhibited any distinguishing predictive features. All failed to reliably predict non-survivors, but all showed good predictive value for identifying survivors.
Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Multiple Trauma ; Prognosis ; ROC Curve ; Survivors