PURPOSE: We set out to investigate which factors affect the decision for the surgical treatment on the patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2000 and May 2006, a total of 505 newly diagnosed patients (group 1) and 219 preoperative patients (group 2) with symptomatic BPH were evaluated. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), IPSS quality-of-life (QoL) assessment score, uroflow variables and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were used for the assessment of the affecting factors of the operation in all groups. Other objective variables such as Schaefer's obstruction grade, detrusor pressure at maximal urinary flow and prostate volume were evaluated in preoperative patients. We analyzed the relationships between QoL score and other variables. RESULTS: With a result that the individual components of IPSS had influence on QoL, incomplete emptying, weak stream, nocturia, frequency, intermittency decreased QoL in group 1. In group 2, incomplete emptying, nocturia, frequency led to the decrease of QoL. Among them incomplete emptying had the strongest impact on symptom-specific QoL of both groups. In both groups objectively measurable variables for bladder outlet obstruction had a weak negative or no association with QoL in correlation analysis. CONCLUSION: The incomplete emptying was the most problematic for patients with BPH. If the BPH patients decide to undergo the surgical treatment, it can be predicted with the severity of the incomplete emptying.
Humans ; Nocturia ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Quality of Life ; Rivers ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction

Decompression sickness is a disease caused by nitrogen bubbles in the tissues of divers who move too rapidly from environments of higher to those of lower atmospheric pressures. Nitrogen breathed in air under pressure dissolves in tissue fluids. When ambient pressure is reduced too rapidly, nitrogen goes out of solution faster than it can be circulated to the lungs for expiration. Gaseous nitrogen then accumulates in the joint spaces and peripheral circulation, impairing tissue oxygenation. We report a case of patient who experiencedneurogenic bladder and erectile dysfunction after decompression sickness. To our knowledge, this is the first case of neurogenic bladder and erectile dysfunction due to decompression sickness in the Korean literature.
Atmospheric Pressure ; Decompression Sickness* ; Decompression* ; Erectile Dysfunction* ; Humans ; Joints ; Lung ; Male ; Nitrogen ; Oxygen ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic*

A 54-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of suprapubic pain and inability to void for 1 day after self insertion of urethral foreign bodies. These foreign bodies were two beans self inserted compulsively into the urethra by the patient. On physical examination, two materials of oval shape in the bulbous urethra were palpable. Retrograde urethrogram showed a complete obstruction in the bulbous urethra. When possible, endoscopic removal should be used for urethral foreign bodies. However the beans of our case required surgical retrieval. We present a case of foreign bodies in the urethra with brief review of literature. To our knowledge, this is the first case of acute urinary retention due to beans in Korean literature.
Emergency Service, Hospital ; Fabaceae ; Foreign Bodies* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Physical Examination ; Urethra ; Urinary Retention*

PURPOSE: We measured pulmonary epithelial permeability by Tc-DTPA radioaerosol clearance in patients with diabetes and correlated with the presence of microangiopathy to understand the pathophysiology of pulmonary microangiopathy and evaluate Tc-DTPA radioaerosol clearance as a diagnostic test to assess pulmonary microangiopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed ' Tc-DTPA radioaerosol scan in 10 normal subjects, 10 asym-ptomatic smokers, 20 diabetic patients without history of smoking (10 with microangiopathy, 10 without microangiopathy). Tc-DTPA clearance half-time (T1/2) was calculated, then compared with the result of chest radiography and pulmonary function test. RESULTS: Chest radiography and pulmonary function test were normal in all subjects. There were no significant difference of clinical or laboratory characteristics between these groups except age. The diabetic patients with micraangiopathy were significantly older (p<0.05). The T1/2of normal subjects and asyrnptomatic smokers were significantly different (65.2+23.7min vs 39.6+9.8min, p<0.05). For diabetic patients with microangiopathy, the T, was 90 5+46.5min and significantly delayed when compared with those of normals and asymptomatic smokers (p<0.05). However, the T1/2of diabetic patients without microangiopathy, 70.0+12.7 min, was not significantly different from those of normals or asyrnptomatic smokers (p>0.05). No significant correlation was found between the T1/2and spirometric parameters including DLcc>, FVC, FEV>, FEV(/FVC (%) and FEF)5-75g in all subjects, and between the T1/2 and duration of diabetes in diabetic patients. CONCLUSION: Eventhough the influence of age cant be excluded, delayed Tc-DTPA clearance half-time (T1/2)in diabetic patients with microangiopathy indicates decreased pulmonary cspillary permeability as one of the pathophysiologic results of pulmonary microangiopaththy. Further studies are needed in larger number of age matched control and diabetic patients to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Humans ; Permeability ; Radiography ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate ; Thorax

We investigated HBV markers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of 50 subjects with neurologic disorders or other disorders, who visited Dept. of neurology, college of medicine, Yeungnam University, from April-1 to August-31 1994 and were performed cerebrospinal fluid analysis to investigate the detection rate of HBV markers in cerebrospinal fluid and the possibility of neurologic disorders associated with HBV infection. The results were as follows. The positivity of HBsAg and. HBV prevalence rate in serum were 6(12.04) and 37(74.0%). Thf, number of patient with HBsAg, only anti-HBV and no markers were 6(12.0%), 31(62.0%) and 13(26.0%), respectively. The positivity of HBsAg and HBV prevalence rate in cerebrospinal fluid were 3(6%) and 18(36.0%). The number of patient with HBsAg, only anti-HBV and no markers were 6(100.0%), 12(38.7%) and 0(0.0%) respectively. The number of patient with virus associated diseases(VAD) and non virus associated diseases(NVAD) were 26(52%) and 24(48%). The HBV prevalence rate in serum of VAD and NVAD groups were 88.5% and 58.3% (p<0.05). The HBV prevalence rate in CSF of VAD and NVAD groups were 53.8% and 16.7%(p<0.05). The HBV prevalence rate in serum and CSF of VAD and NVAD groups were 60.9% and 28.6%
Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Herpesvirus 1, Cercopithecine* ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases ; Neurology ; Prevalence

No abstract available.
Emphysema* ; Tuberculosis*

Human Papillomaviruses(HPVs) are regarded as sexually transmitable and closely associated with precancerous lesions or invasive cancers of the vulva, vagina, and cer V1X. In situ hybridization, besides showing higher sensitivity, allowed the identification of specific viral types. We studied 12 cases of condylomata accuminata for HPV typing by in situ hybridization techenique. Ten cases(83.3 % ) showed positive for HPV type 6/11, and 2 cases(16.7% ) were positive for HPV type 16/18.
DNA Probes* ; DNA* ; Humans* ; In Situ Hybridization* ; Vagina ; Vulva

PURPOSE: This study was done to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and any type of clinical dementia. METHODS: Participants were 60,321 people over 60 years of age enrolled in the Seoul Dementia Management Project in 2011. K-MMSE was used to classify participants as having a cognitive impairment and the Clinical Dementia Rating or DSM-IV by psychiatrists or neurologists to determine whether participants were in the dementia group or the non-dementia group. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and binary logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: In the univariate analysis, age, education level, living with spouse, BMI, alcohol consumption, and exercise were significantly associated with dementia. In multivariable analysis, increasing age was positively associated with dementia, and educational level was negatively associated with dementia. The exercise group had a lower prevalence of dementia than the non-exercise group. The odds ratio of dementia in the over-weight and obese groups compared to the normal group was 0.85 (95% CI 0.60, 0.98) and 0.64 (95%CI 0.46, 0.75), respectively. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that dementia is negatively associated with increasing BMI in people aged 60 years or older, but a prospective cohort study is needed to elucidate the causal effect relationship between BMI and dementia.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alcohol Drinking ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dementia/*epidemiology ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Residence Characteristics ; Risk Factors ; Smoking

In the orthopaedic field, some elective surgery such such as joint replacement, spinal surgery and limb sparing procedures for musculoskeletal tumors frequently need various amounts of blood trans- fusion. But homologous transfusion occasionally result in various side effect including allergic reaction, febrile reaction, coagulopathies due to reduced platelets and coagulating factors, graft versus host disease(GVHD) and transmission of infectious diseases such as malaria, syphilis, hepatitis and AIDS. Recently these complications especially in elective surgery might result in medicolegal and social problem. Risks of transfusion could be minimized with autologous blood. So many authors are interested in prebanked autologous transfusion in elective orthopaedic surgery to prevent these problems. But there might be need of additional homologous blood transfusion because of the time limited and low yield of autologous blood. Recombinant human erythropoietin(4-HuEPO) has been shown to increase erythropoiesis. The authors could yield 5 units during 14 days using r-HuEPO without any adverse reactions. Therefore we could performed decompression, posterolateral fusion with pedicular screw fixation in spondylolisthesis without additional homologous transfusion.
Blood Transfusion ; Communicable Diseases ; Decompression ; Erythropoiesis ; Erythropoietin ; Extremities ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Joints ; Malaria ; Social Problems ; Spondylolisthesis ; Syphilis ; Transplants

Candida albicans cystitis is an uncommon but well described complication of modern therapeutics. The significance of systemic factors in the defense of the urinary tract against candidal infection is unknown. However, secretions from the prostate grand in men and from periurethral glands in women have been reported to be fungistatic. Conditions that predispose to candiduria include diabetes mellitus, antibiotic and corticosteroid therapy and disturbance of urine flow. Cystoscopy with bladder biopsy are necessary to rule out bladder tumor. We report a case of BPH with candidal cystitis and review the relevant literatures.
Biopsy ; Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Cystitis* ; Cystoscopy ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Tract