No abstract available.
Genes, Viral* ; Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis*

The intramedullary nailing is one of the most available method in the treatment of femoral shaft fracture. Since the development of Küntscher nail in 1940, new designs such as the Grosse-Kempf interlocking femoral nail, Ressell-Taylor Femoral nial, AO/ASIF universal nail, ACE titanium nail became widely used by more applicable level of femoral shaft fracture. But complication of intramedullary nailing was rarely seen. The authors analyzed the clinical and mechanical factors predisposing to failures of intramedullary interlocking nails in 6 cases whom treated the comminuted fracture of the femoral shaft, at the department of orthopaedic surgery, Sun General Hospital from 1991 to 1995 and the following results are obtained. 1. Initial fracture patterns were comminuted in all 6 cases. 2. The implant nails were AO nail in 4 cases, Grosse-Kempf nail in 1 case, Russell-Taylor nail in 1 case(nail diameter was 10mm to 12mm). 3. The failure sites of the interlocking nail were the initial bone fracture site in 2 cases, distal to the proximal screw hole in 1 case, proximal to the distal screw hole in 2 cases, fracture site and distal to the proximal screw hole in 1 case. 4. The average time to failure of implants were 11.5 months. 5. The average times to partical weight bearing were 6.3 weeks. In the analy of above results, by using diameter of nail more than 13mm and delaying weight bearing on the injured limb until there is clear radiographic evidence of early union of the femur fracture, we may reduce the metal failures of intramedullary interlocking nail in comminuted femoral shaft fractures.
Extremities ; Femur ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fractures, Bone ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Hospitals, General ; Methods ; Solar System ; Titanium ; Weight-Bearing

The origin of osteoclast-like giant cell tumor (OGCT) of the salivary gland has been debated because the prototypic cells of osteoclast-like cells and mononuclear stromal cells are largely unexplained in this gland. Bone marrow-derived CD14+ and CD45+ monocyte-derived multipotential cells (CD14+/CD45+ MOMC) may be one of the possible origins of OGCTs of salivary glands, which have never been explored in salivary OGCTs. We present a case of OGCT accompanied with carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland of a 67-year-old Korean female. The tumor presented as a rapidly growing cervical mass comprising a central area of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma and a peripheral circumferential area of OGCT. The immunohistochemical staining pattern was phenotypically consistent with bone marrow-derived CD14+/CD45+ MOMC. This case is the first report of a salivary OGCT in Korea.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Aged ; Cytosine ; Female ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Korea ; Mixed Tumor, Malignant ; Monocytes ; Osteoclasts ; Parotid Gland ; Salivary Glands ; Stromal Cells

The origin of osteoclast-like giant cell tumor (OGCT) of the salivary gland has been debated because the prototypic cells of osteoclast-like cells and mononuclear stromal cells are largely unexplained in this gland. Bone marrow-derived CD14+ and CD45+ monocyte-derived multipotential cells (CD14+/CD45+ MOMC) may be one of the possible origins of OGCTs of salivary glands, which have never been explored in salivary OGCTs. We present a case of OGCT accompanied with carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland of a 67-year-old Korean female. The tumor presented as a rapidly growing cervical mass comprising a central area of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma and a peripheral circumferential area of OGCT. The immunohistochemical staining pattern was phenotypically consistent with bone marrow-derived CD14+/CD45+ MOMC. This case is the first report of a salivary OGCT in Korea.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Aged ; Cytosine ; Female ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Korea ; Mixed Tumor, Malignant ; Monocytes ; Osteoclasts ; Parotid Gland ; Salivary Glands ; Stromal Cells

No abstract available.
Lipoma*

This study examined the behavioral change and memory impairment following transient forebrain ischemia in 20 male rats: ten rats were subjected to sham operation. Inchemia was induced by a combination of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and induced hypotension. During the recovery period, behavioral change was evaluated by open-field method. Histopathological examination was performed 7 days after ischemic insult. The results were as follows 1) Hippocampus CA 1 neuron was the most vulnerable to 10-minute forebrain ischemia. 2) There was increase in locomotor activity and rearing during early post-ischemic period. 3) Ischemia resulted in suppressed preening and grooming. From the above mentioned results, authors suggested that transient forebrain ischemia produced severe neuronal damage in CA l sector of hippocampus, therefore produced behavioral change and memory impairment.
Animals ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Grooming ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Ischemia* ; Male ; Memory* ; Motor Activity ; Neurons ; Prosencephalon* ; Rats*

No abstract available.

This study was focused on the genotyping and quantification of Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in thirty PCV2-positive pigs with different clinical symptoms (PCV2-infected without wasting, PCV2-infected with wasting, PCV2-infected with wasting and lymphoid depletion). The quantity of PCV2 DNA in diverse tissues was significantly differed among these groups. (One-way ANOVA test, p < 0.001) Interestingly, PCV2-DNA load in tissues of PCV2-infected pigs without wasting and PCV2-infected pigs with wasting and lymphoid depletion were not significantly differed (p = 0.38), while they were all significantly higher when compared with PCV2-infected pigs with wasting-only. PCV2 DNA quantity in tissues was significantly higher in PCV2a and 2b co-infected pigs compared to the PCV2b only-infected pigs (Wilcoxon test, p = 0.039). The PCV2a and 2b co-infected pigs had increased wasting and lymphoid depletion rate but it was not statistically significant. Therefore, this cross-sectional study suggested that PCV2 DNA load in tissues was diverse by clinical and histological findings. Furthermore, co-infection of PCV2a and 2b affected to the PCV2 DNA load in tissues with increased rate of wasting and lymphoid depletion.
Circovirus ; Coinfection ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; DNA ; Genotype ; Swine

PURPOSE: To compare the differential findings of tuberculous otitis media(TOM) with those of chronic suppurative otitis media with or without cholesteatoma, as seen on high resolution temporal bone CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 14 cases of TOM, 30 cases of chronic suppurative otitis media(CSOM), and 30cases of chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma(Chole). All had been pathologically confirmed. We evaluated thepreservation of mastoid cells without sclerotic change, the location and extension of soft tissue to the externalauditary canal, the erosion of ossicles, the tegmen tympani, scutum, bony labyr inth, facial nerve canal andsigmoid sinus, and the presence of intracranial co mplications. RESULTS: Soft tissue in the mastoid antrum wasseen in all cases of TOM(100%), 29 cases of CSOM(96.7%), and 26 cases of Chole(86.7%). In contrast, the softtissue in the entire middle ear cavity was noted in 13 cases of TOM(92.8%), 7 cases of CSOM(23.3%), and 12 casesof Chole(40%). Soft tissue extended to the superior aspect of the external auditory canal in 4 cases of TOM(28.6%) and 5 cases of Chole (16.7%). Mastoid air cells were seen in 9 cases of TOM (64.3%), 4 cases of CSOM(13.3%), and 3 cases of Chole(10%). Ossicular erosion was noted in 6 cases of TOM (42.9%), 12 cases of CSOM (40%),and 26 cases of Chole(86.7%), while in one case of TOM (7.1%), 5 cases of CSOM (16.7%), and 15 cases of Chole(50%)there was erosion of the scutum. In one case of TOM, follow-up CT study after 9 months of antituberculousmedication without surgery revealed complete clearing of previously noted soft tissue in the middle ear cavity. CONCLUSION: Specific CT findings of TOM were not seen, but if there were findings of soft tissue in the entiremiddle ear cavity, soft tissue extension to the external auditory canal, preservation of mastoid air cells withoutsclerotic change, and intact scutum, TOM may be differentiated from other chronic otitis media.
Cholesteatoma ; Ear ; Ear Canal ; Ear, Middle ; Facial Nerve ; Follow-Up Studies ; Mastoid ; Otitis Media* ; Otitis Media, Suppurative ; Otitis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporal Bone* ; Tuberculosis

Swine diseases could be caused by unrecognized or minor pathogens. In this study, two unknown cytopathogenic agents were isolated from swine, through cell culture. In order to identify these two cytopathogenic agent (designated CP129 and #2045-7), a particle associated nucleic acids PCR (PAN-PCR) from previous paper was used with simple modification. The cloning procedure was more specified in this study by adding cell control system. According to the modified PAN-PCR, two and four agents-specific DNA sequences were obtained from CP129 and #2045-7, respectively, and they were identified as Mycoplasma (M.) hyorhinis and Mammalian orthoreovirus by nucleotide BLAST. Since M. hyorhinis (CP129) was filterable and non-visible by microscope, this unusual virus-like nature of M. hyorhinis (CP129) was discussed. Especially, the reovirus (#2045-7) was a serotype 3 and a triple reassortant among three serotypes of reoviruses. It was grouped with recently reported reoviruses from disease cases (swine, human and feline), based on the genetic analysis of L1 and S1 partial sequences. In conclusion, two unknown cytopathogenic agents were successfully identified using modified PAN-PCR with cell control system and they were characterized in this study.
Base Sequence ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Clone Cells ; Cloning, Organism ; Humans ; Mammalian orthoreovirus 3 ; Mycoplasma ; Mycoplasma hyorhinis ; Nucleic Acids ; Orthoreovirus, Mammalian ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Swine ; Swine Diseases