No abstract available.
Electrocardiography* ; Humans ; Pharynx* ; Sensation*

We reported the two cases of olecranon osteomyelitis secondary to the iatrogenic chronic relapsing septic olecranon bursitis. Infection was well eradicated by excision of the infected bursa and curettage of the eroded olecranon under the coverage of antibiotic therapy.
Bursitis* ; Curettage ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Olecranon Process* ; Osteomyelitis*

Histopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies for S-100 protein and keratin has been conducted on 21 cases of malignant schwannomas. The 21 cases were divided into the following three groups Group A: tumors originating from the nerve trunk or neurofibroma; Group B: tumors related to von Recklinghausen's disease; and Group C: other tumors not belonging to the above groups but histologically diagnosed as malignant schwannoma. The commonest histological pattern consisted of either closely packed or loosely arranged interlacing fascicles of slender spindle cells with wavy fibrillar cytoplasm, followed by myxoid change, perithelial pattern, hyaline change of the blood vessels, and hyalinlzed cords or nodules. Nine out of 12 cases of malignant schwannomas in group A and B, and 7 out of 9 cases of group C were positive for S-100 protein. None of the above cases showed positive staining reaction for keratin. Since 7 of 9 malignant schwannomas in Group C stained with S-100 protein, we can conclude that careful histological analysis supplemented by immunohistichemical study can make a conclusive diagnosis in most of the cases of malignant schwannomas even in cases that do not fulfil the traditional strict criteria.

PURPOSE: To evaluate dysphagia objectively and quantitatively, and ta clarify the effect of neck position and viscosity changes in patients with aspiration and laryngeal penetration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 35 patients with dysphagia and 21 normal controls using videofluoroscopy and scintigraphy. Videofluoroscopy was performed with barium with three different viscosity, and scintigraphy was done, with water, yogurt, and steamed egg mixed with Tc-99m tin colloid. 1f aspiration was found during videofluoroscopic examination, patients neck position was changed and study repeated. Videofluoroscopy was analyzed qualitatively. We calculated 7 quantitative parameters from scintigraphy. According to the videofluoroscopic findings, we divided patients into 3 subgroups; aspiration, laryngeal penetration, and no-aspiration group. RESULTS: The result of videofluoroscopy revealed that the most cornmon finding was the delay in triggering pharyngeal swallow. Pharyrigeal transit time (PTT) and pharyngeal swallowing efficiency(PSE) in patients with aspiration were significantly different from other groups. After neck position change, aspiration could be reduced in all of 7 patients, and laryngeal penetration reduced hy about 82%. PTT ancl PSE were also improved after position change. Aspiration and laryngeal penetration occurred more frequently in thin liquid swallowing than in thick liquid and solid swallowing. CONCLUSION: PTT and PSE were useful for the evaluation of dysphagia. Aspiration and laryngeal penetration could be reduced when appropriate position assumed, We could decrease the chance of aspiration by changing the patient diet consisIency. Scintigraphy might be useful tool to quantitate and follow up these changes.
Barium ; Colloids ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders* ; Diet ; Evaluation Studies as Topic* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neck ; Ovum ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Steam ; Tin ; Viscosity ; Water ; Yogurt

BACKGROUND: Periungual warts are a therapeutic challenge. Many studies have revealed that intralesional interferon α-2b therapy and pulsed dye laser therapy have numerous advantages over other modalities of theratment. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine if combination therapy with intralesional interferon α-2b and pulsed dye laser might offer an effective treatment for periungual warts. METHODS: Thirty-three patients were randomly assigned to one of three study groups. In group A, the patients received both intralesional interferon α-2b treatment and pulsed dye laser(PDL) therapy (n=13). Group B patients were treated wit intralesional interferon α-2b alone (n=10) and group C was done with PDL therapy only (n=10). RESULTS: The clearance rate was 92.3% for the patients treated with the combination therapy of intralesional interferon α-2b treatment and pulsed dye laser (PDL) therapy. It was 50% for the patients with the intralesional interferon α-2b treatment alone, and 0% for the group with the PDL therpy only. No significant side effects were observed. At 6 months after cessation of the therapy, total 2 cases (one from group A and the other from group B) were recurred. CONCLUSION: The combination therapy with intralesional interferon α-2b treatment and pulsed dye laser therapy was highly effective for the treatment of recalcitrant periungual warts.
Humans ; Interferons* ; Lasers, Dye* ; Warts*

No abstract available.
Otitis Externa*

No abstract available.
Head* ; Myocutaneous Flap* ; Neck*

BACKGROUND: The appearance of multiple-drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains has been seriously compromising successful control of tuberculosis. Rifampin-resistance, caused by mutations in the rpoB gene, can be indicative of multiple-drug-resistance, and its detection is of great importance. The present study aimed to develop an oligonucleotide chip for accurate and convenient screening of drug-resistance. METHODS: In order to detect point mutations in the rpoB gene, an oligonucleotide chip was prepared by immobilizing specific probe DNA to a microscopic slide glass by a chemical reaction. The probe DNA that was selected from the 81 bp core region of the rpoB gene was designed to have mutation sites at the center. A total of 17 mutant probes related to rifampin-resistance including 8 rifabutin-sensitive mutant probes were used in this study. For accurate determination, wild type probes were prepared for each mutation position with an equal length, which enabled a direct comparison of the hybridization intensities between the mutant and wild type. RESULTS: Mycobacterial genomic DNA from clinical samples was tested with the oligonucleotide chip and the results were compared with those of the drug-susceptibility test in addition to sequencing and INNO-LiPA Rif. TB kit test in some cases. Out of 15 samples, the oligonucleotide chip results of 13 samples showed good agreement with the rifabutin-sensitivity results. The two samples with conflicting result also showed a discrepancy between the other tests, suggesting such possibilities as existence of mixed strains and difference in drug-sensitivity. Further verification of these samples in addition to more case studies are required before the final evaluation of the oligonucleotide chip can be made. CONCLUSION: An oligonucleotide chip was developed for the detection of rpoB gene mutations related to drug-susceptibility. The results to date show the potential for using the oligonucleotide chip for accurate and convenient screening of drug-resistance to provide useful information in antituberculosis drug therapy.
DNA ; Drug Therapy ; Glass ; Mass Screening ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Point Mutation* ; Rifabutin ; Rifampin ; Tuberculosis

BACKGROUND: Diuretic agents are widely used in the treatment of variable diseases. Although some diuretics may cause photosensitive reactions, this has been a relatively neglwted area of investigation. OBJECTIVE: The study was undertaken to examine whether or not the diuretic agents could cause phototoxicity with the photohemolysis test and with the Candida albica as test. METHOD: Photohemolysis test: Fresh human red blood cells (RHC) were washed and diluted to 200 fold of original volume with TCM buffer. Test compound suspension, were added to the diluted blood at the final concentration of 10 M. Each sample was irradiated with 50 J/cm of UVA, and control samples were incubated in water bath with light shielding. After additional incubation in a dark water bath for 30 minutes the sarnples were centrifuged. After adding Drabkins reagent, measurement of absorbance of the supernatents by speetrophotometer at 420, 540, 550nm were performed. The degree of photohemolysis was determined by comparing the results wiith the control solution. Candide elbicens test wenty microliter of each solution of arious diuretics were applied to Sabourauds dextrose agar plate in which Candida albicanp had been diffusely applied previously. Four hours after the application, 80 J/cm of UVA was irradiated. The irraicated plates and nonirradiated controls were incubated in a darlI room for 48 hours, and were examined clearzones arround the drugs as the mean of positive results fcir the phototoxic potential of the drugs. RESULTS: The photohemolyeii; vaIues of azosemide, spironolaetonet, iamterene, and xipamide at 420, 540, and 550nm were 70.57%/28.36%/31.61%/83.65%/16.40%/15.21%/75.66%/25.40%/28.17%, and 14.02%/9.11%/8.99% respectively, which exceeds the mear,injful positive value of above 5 , With the Candida olbicans test all teat solution at concentration of 1% and 5% showed negstive results. CONCLUSION: A phototoxic reaction may be triggered by azosemide, spironolactone, triamterene, and xipamide, and the possible mechanism concerned may be directed to cellular membranes. However with the negative result of knowed photosensitizers like hydrochlorthiazid and furosemide, there may be other possibilities for the explenation of phototoxicity. Thus further stirdies may be necessary to investigate more details about the cliscrepancies in greates detail.
Agar ; Baths ; Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Dermatitis, Phototoxic ; Dermis ; Diuretics ; Erythrocytes ; Furosemide ; Glucose ; Humans ; Membranes ; Photosensitizing Agents ; Spironolactone ; Triamterene ; Water ; Xipamide

BACKGROUND: Diuretic agents are widely used in the treatment of variable diseases. Although some diuretics may cause photosensitive reactions, this has been a relatively neglwted area of investigation. OBJECTIVE: The study was undertaken to examine whether or not the diuretic agents could cause phototoxicity with the photohemolysis test and with the Candida albica as test. METHOD: Photohemolysis test: Fresh human red blood cells (RHC) were washed and diluted to 200 fold of original volume with TCM buffer. Test compound suspension, were added to the diluted blood at the final concentration of 10 M. Each sample was irradiated with 50 J/cm of UVA, and control samples were incubated in water bath with light shielding. After additional incubation in a dark water bath for 30 minutes the sarnples were centrifuged. After adding Drabkins reagent, measurement of absorbance of the supernatents by speetrophotometer at 420, 540, 550nm were performed. The degree of photohemolysis was determined by comparing the results wiith the control solution. Candide elbicens test wenty microliter of each solution of arious diuretics were applied to Sabourauds dextrose agar plate in which Candida albicanp had been diffusely applied previously. Four hours after the application, 80 J/cm of UVA was irradiated. The irraicated plates and nonirradiated controls were incubated in a darlI room for 48 hours, and were examined clearzones arround the drugs as the mean of positive results fcir the phototoxic potential of the drugs. RESULTS: The photohemolyeii; vaIues of azosemide, spironolaetonet, iamterene, and xipamide at 420, 540, and 550nm were 70.57%/28.36%/31.61%/83.65%/16.40%/15.21%/75.66%/25.40%/28.17%, and 14.02%/9.11%/8.99% respectively, which exceeds the mear,injful positive value of above 5 , With the Candida olbicans test all teat solution at concentration of 1% and 5% showed negstive results. CONCLUSION: A phototoxic reaction may be triggered by azosemide, spironolactone, triamterene, and xipamide, and the possible mechanism concerned may be directed to cellular membranes. However with the negative result of knowed photosensitizers like hydrochlorthiazid and furosemide, there may be other possibilities for the explenation of phototoxicity. Thus further stirdies may be necessary to investigate more details about the cliscrepancies in greates detail.
Agar ; Baths ; Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Dermatitis, Phototoxic ; Dermis ; Diuretics ; Erythrocytes ; Furosemide ; Glucose ; Humans ; Membranes ; Photosensitizing Agents ; Spironolactone ; Triamterene ; Water ; Xipamide