BACKGROUND: Because the propofol TCI software commands the syringe pump to deliver a rapid infusion at a rate of 1200 ml/hr until the pharmacokinetic model predicts that the selected target concentration has been reached, the hemodynamic changes are predicted. To this change, several methods could be considered and the fentanyl injection is one of them. METHODS: Sixty adult patients scheduled for orthopedic surgery were randomly alldegrees Cated into four groups according to amount of fentanyl injected during induction period(group 1: no fentanyl, group 2: 0.75 microgram/kg, group 3: 1.5 microgram/kg, group 4: 3.0 microgram/kg). Target plasma concentration of propofol was selected as 4.0 microgram/ml and this concentration was achieved using modification of Prys-Roberts method. We evaluated the hemodynamic effect of various doses of fentanyl that injected at Vdpeak effect time and determined the optimal dose of fentanyl during propofol induction using TCI mode. RESULTS: Induction dose(range: 1.25~1.31 mg/kg) of propofol and induction time(range: 46~76 sec) showed no difference among groups. Use of fentanyl was effective for blood pressure stability immediately after intubation, but not effective before and 3 min following intubation. The higher the dosage of fentanyl, the more stable the heart rate. CONCLUSION: It suggest that use of fentanyl for the prevention of abrupt hemodynamic change during propofol induction using target controlled infusion mode is not necessary.
Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Fentanyl* ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Intubation ; Orthopedics ; Plasma ; Propofol* ; Syringes

Miller-Dieter syndrome consists of severe type I lissencephaly, abnormal facial appearance, and sometimes other birth defects. Lissencephaly is a brain malformation manifested by a smooth cerebral surface, thickened cortical mantle, and microscopic evidence of incomplete neuronal migration. It comprises the agyria-pachygyria spectrum of malformation, thus excluding polymicrogyria and other cortical dysplasia. Type I lissencephaly results from abnormal migration between about 10 and 14 weeks gestaion. The brain is often small, and the ventricle is enlarged posteriorly The corpus callosum may be small or absent. The structural pattern of the cerebral hemispheres and ventricles is distintly immature, reminiscent of fetal brain. The superficial cellular layer resembles an immature cortex, with some separation into zones similar to layers III, V, and VI of normal cortex, although the cell population is decreased. In 1963 Miller described a malformation syndrome in a brother and sister with postnatal growth deficiency, craniofacial defects, and serious abnormalities of neurologic function. Autopsy at 3 and 4month of age, respectively, revealed lissencephaly. Subsequently, Dieker reported four additional patients with this disorder and referred to it as the 'lissencephaly syndrome'. We have experienced a case with this syndrome. Then we report this rare case with brief review of literature.
Autopsy ; Brain ; Cerebrum ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Corpus Callosum ; Humans ; Lissencephaly ; Malformations of Cortical Development ; Neurons ; Siblings

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Microcomputers*

Papillary eccrine adenoma is a rare sweat gland tumor with a characteristic histopathological appearance and has a benign clinical course. Five cases were reported in Korea since a report by Song et al. in 1988. We report a case of papillary eccrine adenoma in a 38-year-old male who had a firm, dark brown nodule on the medial surface of the left thigh. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of multiple dilated ducts lined by two or more layers of epithelial cells and the luminal cells showed papillary projections into the lumen in some tubules. Immunoperoxidase staining was positive for CEA, S-100, and EMA. We excised the lesion completely and no evidence of recurrence was observed for 6 months.
Adenoma* ; Adult ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Music ; Phenobarbital ; Recurrence ; Sweat Glands ; Thigh

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Estrogens* ; Humans ; Receptors, Estrogen* ; Thyroid Diseases* ; Thyroid Gland*