No abstract available.
Ambulances* ; Emergencies* ; Gangwon-do*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Thoracic Injuries* ; Thorax* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

No abstract available.
Mandibular Fractures ; Osteomyelitis ; Transplants

We analyzed 33 patients (39 eyes) who were surgically diagnosed as persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) with standardized B-scan ultrasonography. The eyes were evaluated for vitreous stalk or membrane, retrolental proliferation, retinal fold, vitreous opacity, and retinal detachment (64.1 %, 48.7 %, 15.4 %, 15.4 %, and 5.1 %, respectively) with the results. We classified these findings of PHPV into 5 types as follows, type 1: simple retinal fold or preretinal fold alone; type 2: retrolental proliferation alone; type 3: vitreous stalk or membrane; type 4: retrolental proliferation connected with vitreous stalk or membrane; type 5: complicated retinal detachment. The incidence of these types were 15.4%, 15.4%, 28.2 %, 33.3 %, and 5.1 %, respectively. Ultrasonographic findings would be used as a useful parameters to evaluate, document, and plan the management in PHPV.
Classification ; Humans ; Incidence ; Membranes ; Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous* ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between acute physiologic and chronic health examination (APACHE) II and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores and outcomes of post-cardiac arrest patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia (TH). METHODS: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors treated with TH between January 2010 and December 2012 were retrospectively evaluated. We captured all components of the APACHE II and SOFA scores over the first 48 hours after intensive care unit (ICU) admission (0 h). The primary outcome measure was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome measure was neurologic outcomes at the time of hospital discharge. Receiver-operating characteristic and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the predictability of outcomes with serial APACHE II and SOFA scores. RESULTS: A total of 138 patients were enrolled in this study. The area under the curve (AUC) for APACHE II scores at 0 h for predicting in-hospital mortality and poor neurologic outcomes (cerebral performance category: 3-5) was more than 0.7, and for SOFA scores from 0 h to 48 h the AUC was less than 0.7. Odds ratios used to determine associations between APACHE II scores from 0 h to 48 h and in-hospital mortality were 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.23), 1.13 (95% CI, 1.04-1.23), and 1.18 (95% CI, 1.07-1.30). CONCLUSIONS: APACHE II, but not SOFA score, at the time of ICU admission is a modest predictor of in-hospital mortality and poor neurologic outcomes at the time of hospital discharge for patients who have undergone TH after return of spontaneous circulation following OHCA.
APACHE ; Area Under Curve ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Hypothermia* ; Hypothermia, Induced ; Intensive Care Units ; Logistic Models ; Odds Ratio ; Organ Dysfunction Scores* ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest* ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Retrospective Studies ; Survivors

No abstract available.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation* ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital*

No abstract available.
Epinephrine* ; Heart Arrest*

No abstract available.
Catheters* ; Dilatation* ; Esophageal Stenosis*

Background & Objective: Although the clinical manifestations and outcomes of neuralgic amyotrophy have been previously described, some controversies remain. Thus, we evaluated clinical manifestations and outcomes of patients with neuralgic amyotrophy. Methods: We evaluated the clinical and electrodiagnostic data, and the outcomes, of 32 patients with neuralgic amyotrophy.Of the 32 patients, 26 were followed-up for one year after onset of the disease.Results:The initial symptoms were pain (50.0%), pain with weakness (21.9%), other sensory symptoms without weakness (6.3%), and painless weakness or atrophy (21.9%). The commonly involved nerves were the median (75.0%), radial (68.8%), suprascapular (50.0%), ulnar (50.0%), axillary (46.9%), and musculocutaneous (40.6%) nerves. The initial symptoms were not associated with nerve involvement. Of all patients, 59% recovered fully, 16% had residual mild weakness without functional disability, and 6% experienced persistent severe weakness and were unable to return to work. Some patients were not evaluated because they were lost to follow-up. Conclusions: Painless weakness as an initial symptom of neuralgic amyotrophy may be more common than previously noted. Of all patients, 75% enjoyed favorable outcomes by one year after disease onset. These results will be useful when planning treatment strategies and will deepen our understanding of prognosis of neuralgic amyotrophy.
Brachial Plexus Neuritis

The present study was undertaken to examine the influence of glucocorticoids on the secretory responses of catecholamines (CA) evoked by acetylcholine (ACh), DMPP, McN-A-343, excess K+ and Bay-K-8644 from the isolated perfused rat adrenal gland and to clarify the mechanism of its action. The perfusion of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (10-100 micrometer) into an adrenal vein for 20 min produced a dose-dependent inhibition in CA secretion evoked by ACh (5.32 mM), excess K+ (a membrane-depolarizor 56 mM), DMPP (a selective nicotinic receptor agonist, 100 micrometer for 2 min), McN-A-343 (a muscarinic receptor agonist, 100 micrometer for 4 min), Bay-K-8644 (a calcium channel activator, 10 micrometer for 4 min) and cyclopiazonic acid (a releaser of intracellular Ca2+ 10 micrometer for 4 min). Similarly, the preperfusion of hydrocortisone (30 micrometer) for 20 min also attenuated significantly the secretory responses of CA evoked by nicotinic and muscarinic receptor stimulation as well as membrane-depolarization, Ca2+ channel activation and the release of intracellular Ca2+. Furthermore, even in the presence of betamethasone (30micrometer), CA secretion evoked by ACh, excess K+, DMPP and McN-A-343 was also markedly inhibited. Taken together, the present results suggest that glucocorticoids cause the marked inhibition of CA secretion evoked by both cholinergic nicotinic and muscarinic receptor stimulation from the isolated perfused rat adrenal gland, indicating strongly that this inhibitory effect may be mediated by inhibiting influx of extracellular calcium as well as the release of intracellular calcium in the rat adrenomedullary chromaffin cells.
(4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride ; 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester ; Acetylcholine ; Adrenal Glands ; Adrenal Medulla* ; Animals ; Betamethasone ; Calcium ; Calcium Channels ; Catecholamines ; Chromaffin Cells ; Dexamethasone ; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide ; Glucocorticoids* ; Hydrocortisone ; Perfusion ; Rats* ; Receptors, Muscarinic ; Receptors, Nicotinic ; Veins