PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical outcome and complications of tension free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure for the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between April 1999 and May 2000, 41 women with stress urinary incontinence underwent TVT procedure. Preoperative evaluation included questionnaires study, physical examination, one hour pad test and urodynamic study. Postoperative clinical outcome, patient's satisfaction and complications were checked after 3-months. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 51.6 years (range 40-76) and mean hospital stay 2.1 days (range 1-10). The mean follow-up period was 9.9 months (range 3-15). Thirty six patients (87.8%) were cured, 2 patients (4.9%) were improved. Two of 3 patients with failed operation who developed postoperative urge incontinence had grade III cystocele. Five bladder perforations and 1 obturator nerve injury occurred. The abdominal leak point pressure (LPP) increased from 50.6cmH20 to 110.8cmH2O, detrusor pressure of maximal flow rate (Pdet.Qmax) increased from 15.8cmH2O to 28.6cmH2O and maximal flow rate (Qmax) decreased from 32.8ml/s to 22.5ml/s after operation. CONCLUSIONS: The TVT procedure is an effective and feasible surgical treatment for female stress urinary incontinence. However, in patients with grade III cystocele, postoperative urge incontinence may develop after the procedure. Since TVT procedure involves securing the mid-urethra, urinary obstruction may also occur, necessitating the need for continued follow-up as well as a careful comparison with other sling procedure.
Cystocele ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Obturator Nerve ; Physical Examination ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Suburethral Slings* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge ; Urodynamics

No abstract available.
Dinoprost* ; Female ; Laparoscopes* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal*

No abstract available.
Occupational Diseases*

No abstract available.
Blotting, Western ; Cells, Cultured ; Connective Tissue Cells/drug effects/metabolism ; Endothelin-1/*biosynthesis ; Fibroblasts/*drug effects/metabolism ; Humans ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/*pharmacology

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis A is an acute infectious disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). The purpose of this study was to investigate the HAV vaccination status and related factors among college students. METHODS: The study subjects were 503 students conveniently sampled from C university located in one district of Jeollanamdo. General characteristics and HAV vaccination related factors were collected by a self-reported questionnaire in October 2013. Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate related factors with HAV vaccination. RESULTS: Of the 503 subjects without a history of HAV infection, 65 subjects (12.9%) reported that they were vaccinated. In multiple analyses, subjects who have had health screening (adjusted odds ratio, aOR=2.44 and 95% confidence interval, 95% CI=1.26-4.73) and those who were aware of HAV infection (aOR=6.00, 95% CI=1.81-19.91) or who perceived the benefits of HAV vaccine (aOR=2.05, 95% CI=1.07-3.93) were more likely to be vaccinated than those not involved in these factors. With regard to intention for HAV vaccine, 314 subjects (71.9%) reported that they have the intention to be vaccinated against HAV. In multiple analyses, higher grade level, high monthly allowance, awareness of HAV vaccine, perceived susceptibility of HAV, perceived seriousness of HAV and perceived benefits of HAV vaccine were significantly associated with the intention for HAV vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: The vaccination rate for HAV was found to be low in our sample of college students. To reduce health risks related with HAV, prevention efforts should consider these results.
Communicable Diseases ; Hepatitis A ; Hepatitis A virus* ; Humans ; Intention ; Jeollanam-do ; Liver ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Odds Ratio ; Risk Factors ; Vaccination* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Administration, Intravenous* ; Cervix Uteri* ; Cisplatin* ; Female ; Fluorouracil*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the change of collagen content and the subtype of collagen in compensated and decompensated detrusors by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 62 patients with BPH who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) was involved in this study. Preoperatively, the Watts factor (WF) was measured for detrusor contractile strength, and the patients were divided into 3 groups according to these measurements: group 1 consisted of patients with decreased contractile strength, group 2 consisted of patients with normal contractile strength, and group 3 consisted of patients with increased contractile strength. The chips of the detrusor were obtained at the time of TUR-P. Total collagen concentration was quantified by hydroxyproline assay. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for the expression and localization of type I and III collagen, and Western blot analysis was performed for the extent of expression of type I and III collagen. RESULTS: The total collagen concentrations of groups 1, 2, and 3, which significantly varied among the three groups, were 132.5+/-59.2, 265.1+/-96.8, and 437.6+/-162.5mug/mg, respectively (ANOVA test, p<0.05). In immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis, type I collagen was expressed similarly among the three groups. The expression of type III collagen was weakest in group 1 and strongest in group 3. There was a positive correlationship between WF and the expression of type III collagen in the detrusor layer. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the change of total content and subtype of collagen in the detrusor muscle is the major histological change in BPH and type III collagen, which play an important role in detrusor contractility.
Blotting, Western ; Collagen Type I ; Collagen Type III ; Collagen* ; Humans ; Hydroxyproline ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Urinary Bladder

BACKGROUND: Capsaicin has been shown to have different biologic and toxic effects, depending on non-neuronal cells and several transformed cells, however no study has been reported from cultured human skin fibroblast. OBJECTIVE: Present study was aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and its mechanism of capsacin on the cultured human skin fibroblast. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Normal neonatal human fibroblasts were used, and changes of cell survival were measured by MTT assay after the cells were pre-treated with growth factors, receptor antagonist, antioxidants, calcium modulators were pre-treated or co-treated with capsaicin. RESULTS: Suvival of fibroblast was significantly increased by treatment with EGF (10ng/ml), bFGF (10ng/ml), capsazepine (10M) but inhibited by cycloheximide (1g/ml). When 200 M capsaicin was added to fibroblasts, chromatin condensations were observed at 12 hours and cell survival rate was reduced to 25-50% at 24 hours. Vanilloid receptor antagonists, capsazepine and ruthenium red, did not prevent the toxic effect of capsaicin, and 10M capsazepine paradoxically rather enhanced the cytotoxicity. In contrast to bFGF (10ng/ml), EGF (10, 100ng/ml) enhanced the cytotoxicity of capsaicin. Neuropeptides, substance P (1, 10nM) and CGRP (1, 10nM), and a structural analogue to capsaicin, tyrosine (0.3-1.2mM) did not affect the cytotoxicity. However, antioxidants such as trolox (100M) and ascorbic acid (0.1, 0.3 mM) reduced the capsaicin cytotoxicity. Of calcium modulating agents, nifedifine, a Ca2+ channel blocker (10, 20M) and cyclopiazonic acid, a Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor in ER (10M) did not influence the cytotoxicity, however BAPTA/AM (10M) as a chelater for cytoplasmic free calcium ion (10M) significantly decreased capsaicin cytotoxicity. Unlike cycloheximide, z-VAD-FMK, a protein synthesis inhibitor and a non-specific caspase inhibitor, prevented the capsaicin cytotoxicity. The DNA ladder and TUNEL positive cells were observed among the capsaicin treated fibroblasts and Western blot revealed caspase-3 activity. CONCLUSION: The capsaicin-induced cytotoxicity on human skin fibroblasts is likely to suggest the mechanism of an apoptotic pathway, which can possibly be prevented by antioxidants.
Antioxidants ; Ascorbic Acid ; Blotting, Western ; Calcium ; Capsaicin* ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Survival ; Chromatin ; Cycloheximide ; Cytoplasm ; DNA ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; Fibroblasts* ; Humans* ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Neuropeptides ; Ruthenium Red ; Skin* ; Substance P ; Tyrosine

OBJECTIVES: The drug utilization review (DUR) system, which checks any conflict event of medications, contributes to improve patient safety. One of the important barriers in its adoption is doctors' resistance. This study aimed to analyze the impacts of doctors' resistance on the success of the DUR system. METHODS: This study adopted an augmented the DeLone and McLean Information System (D&M IS) Success Model (2003), which used doctors' resistance as a socio-technological measure. This study framework is the same as that of the D&M IS Success Model in that it is based on qualities, such as system, information, and services. The major difference is that this study excluded the variable 'use' because it was not statistically significant for mandatory systems. A survey of doctors who used computers to enter prescriptions was conducted at a Korean tertiary hospital in February 2012. RESULTS: This study is very meaningful in that it is the first study to explore the success factors of the DUR system associated with doctors' resistance. Doctors' resistance to the DUR system was not statistically associated with user usefulness, whereas it affected user satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that doctors still complain of discomfort in using the DUR system in the outpatient clinical setting, even though they admit that it contributes to patient safety. To mitigate doctors' resistance and raise user satisfaction, more opinions from doctors regarding the DUR system have to be considered and have to be reflected in the system.
Drug Utilization Review* ; Humans ; Information Systems ; Medicare Assignment ; Outpatients ; Patient Safety ; Prescriptions ; Tertiary Care Centers

Mesocolic hernia is a rare congenital anomaly caused by an error of rotation of the midgut. It may be seen as total encapsulation of the small bowel or a single loop within a hernial sac. It may be asymptomatic or cause life-threatening intestinal obstruction. Symptoms, when present, are often chronic vague abdominal pain and intermittent obstructive episodes. We have encountered a 40-year-old woman with a congenital mesocolic hernia. Abdominal CT provided the diagnosis. She successfully underwent operation and discharged with good condition. Now we present a case of congenital mesocolic hernia with a review of some articles.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Hernia* ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed