Traumatic intracranial lesion has been one of the most frequent and serous problem in neurosurgical pathology. CT made it possible to get prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention of intracranial lesions by its safety, fastiness and accuracy. Computed tomographic scan was carried out on 1309 cases at Soonchunhyang Chunan Hospitalfor 15 months from Oct. 1983 to Dec. 1984. We have reviewed the computed tomographic scans of 264 patients whichshowed traumatic intracranial lesion. The results were as follows: 1. Head trauma was the most frequentlydiagnosed disase using computed tomographic scans(57.8%), and among 264 cases the most frequent mode of injury wastraffic accident (73.9%). 2. Skull fracture was accompained in frequency of 69.7% and it was detected in CT in38.6%: depression fractue was more easily detected in 81%. 3. Countercoup lesion(9.5%) was usually accompained with temporal and occipital fracture, and it appeared in lower incidence among pediatric group. 4. Intracranial lesions of all 264 cases were generalized cerebral swelling(24.6%), subdural hematoma(22.3%), epiduralhematoma(20.8%), intracerebral hematoma(6.1%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage(3.0%). 5. The shape of hematoma wasusually biconvex(92.7%) in acute epidural hematoma and cresentic(100%) in acute subdural hematoma, but the morechronic the cases became, they showed planoconvex and biconvex shapes. 6. Extra-axial hematoma was getting decreased in density as time gone by. 7. Hematoma density was not in direct proportion to serum hemoglobin levelas single factor.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural, Acute ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pathology ; Skull Fractures

This report describes the pathologic features of 17 cases of Castleman's disease, examined at the Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital during a period from 1973 to 1989. The lesions in 12 cases were hyaline-vascular type and the remainders plasma cell type. The pathologic features favoring the plasma cell type over the hyaline vascular type included a sufficient number to large-sized follicles. However, a histologic overlapping between two types was present. In the hyaline vascular type the age of the patients ranged from 7 to 76 years and they appeared to be no particular sex predominence. The majority of the lesions occurred in the neck and within the chest. Almost all cases presented with a solitary mass except three cases. Neither conventional symptoms nor systemic manifestations were associated. The plasma cell type was characterized by presentation of constitutional symptoms, involvement of intra abdominal and inguinal lymphnodes, in association with unusual clinicopathologic features including IgA nephropathy, diabetes mellitus, systemic progressive sclerosis, peripheral neuropathy, and anemia. Immunohistochemical study was performed in three cases of the plasma cell type. Two cases revealed poly-clonal plasma cell infiltration. In a patient with IgA nephropathy, however, serum IgA was increase and a strong immunoreactivity to IgA heavy chain was found. Another case, associated with systemic progressive sclerosis and neuropathy, revealed monoclonal plasma cell infiltration (IgG and lambda light chain). The above results support a possibility that in some of the plasma cell type an altered immune mechanism is involved in its pathogenesis.

Henoch-Schonlein purpura is a common pediatric disease presenting most frequently with skin, gastrointestinal, joint and renal manifestations. But in cases are infrequently only severe gastrointestinal manifestations. It is hard to diagnose promptly and exactly. Clinical manifestations and laboratory findings were observed and analyzed in 20 cases with Henoch-Schonlein purpura which were considered as acute abdomen, hospitalized at Kyung Hee university Hospital during the period from December, 1982 to September, 1992. The following results were obtained; 1) The age distribution of Henoch-Schonlein purpura had a peak incidence between 7 to 9 year old. And male preponderance was observed with male to female ratio of 2.33 to 1. 2) The most prevalent season for the initial presentation of Henoch-Schonlein purpura was in fall: in 10 cases (50%). 3) The frequency of each type of clinical manifestations showed 20 (100%), 20 (100%), 18 (90%), 8(40%) cases for skin, gastrointestinal, joint and renal manifestation respectively in order of frequency. 4) The common previous illness were URI, 40 cases (50%) and allergy, 2 cases (10%). 5) The onset time of skin manifestation from admission were 1 to 4 days (75%0, 5 to 8 days (15%), 9 to 12 days (10%) explolaparotomies were done the last 2 cases. 6) In all cases, X-ray study (100%), abdominal sono (50%), Meckels scan and colon study (5%) respectively were done. 7) Hematologically leukocytosis over 10,000/mm3 was observed in 80% of cases and increase in ESR over 20 mm/hr in 65% of cases. Coagulation studies, immunologic and complement level revealed the result within normal range in most of the cases. 8) Among 8 cases with renal involvement, all cases had both hematuria and proteinuria. 9) Most cases were recovered within 4 weeks but in 4 cases, renal biopsies were done because of relapse. The results were Meadow classification grade I (1 case), II (1 case), IVa (2 cases). After renal biopsy, steroid pulse therapy was started.
Abdomen, Acute* ; Age Distribution ; Biopsy ; Child ; Classification ; Colon ; Complement System Proteins ; Female ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Incidence ; Joints ; Leukocytosis ; Male ; Proteinuria ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch* ; Recurrence ; Reference Values ; Seasons ; Skin ; Skin Manifestations

BACKGROUND: Herpes zoster recurrence, reported to be 1~5% globally, is thought to be more frequent in immunocompromised and older individuals. Data on the recurrence rate in Korea are very rare. OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the rate and affecting factors of herpes zoster recurrence, in a Korean population. METHODS: From May, 2001 to May, 2011, 2210 patients with confirmed herpes zoster episodes were enrolled. Recurrence episodes and affecting factors of herpes zoster were confirmed using telephone question and medical record review. RESULTS: The overall recurrence rate of herpes zoster was 2.31%. Recurrences were significantly more likely in persons with zoster-associated pain of 30 days or longer, at the initial episode, and in immunocmpromised patients. Women and anyone aged between 50 and 70 years, at the index episode, had a greater likelihood of recurrence. CONCLUSION: Recurrence of herpes zoster is more common in women and is associated with pain duration and immune status.
Aged ; Female ; Herpes Zoster ; Humans ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Recurrence ; Telephone

PURPOSE: In this retrospective study, we attempted to evaluate the treatment outcome and the prognostic factors of thymoma treated with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1979 and 1998, 55 patients with thymoma were treated at the Seoul National University Hospital. Of these, 11 patients underwent surgery only, 33 patients received postoperative radiotherapy and 11 patients received radiotherapy only. Twenty-three patients had gross total resection and 21 patients subtotal resection. For postoperative radiotherapy, the radiation dose consisted of 41.4-55.8 Gy. The average follow-up was 64 months, and ranged from 2 to 160 months. The sex ratio was 1:1 and the median age was 48 years (15-74 years). Overall survival and disease-free survival were determined via the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank was employed to evaluate for differences in prognostic factor. RESULTS: The five- and 10-year survival rates were 87% and 65% respectively, and the median survival was 103 months. By univariate analysis, only stage ( p=0.0017) turned out to be significant prognostic factors of overall survival. Also, stage ( p=0.0007) was significantly predictive for overall survival in mutivariated analysis. CONCLUSION: This study showed the stage was found to be important prognostic factors, which influenced survival. Especially, as incomplete resection is related with poor results, complete resection is important to cure the invasive thymoma.
Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Sex Ratio ; Survival Rate ; Thymoma* ; Treatment Outcome*

No abstract available.

No Abstract Available.
Adipose Tissue* ; Glomus Tumor*

Formaldehyde is a colorless irritating gas of pungent odor, which is used as a disinfectant, antiseptic, deodorant, tissue fixative and embalming fluid, It is used in the formation of resins, alcohols and acids, and in permanent press processes in the textile industry. If formaldehyde is swallowed, severe abdominal pain and vomiting is immediately noted. Corrosive gastritis can follow with diffuse ulceration, fibrosis and contracture of the stomach, resembling linitis plastica, which may be severe enough to require gastrectomy. We report a case of cicatricial contracted stomach due to the ingestion of formalin.
Abdominal Pain ; Alcohols ; Contracture ; Deodorants ; Eating* ; Embalming ; Fibrosis ; Formaldehyde* ; Gastrectomy ; Gastritis ; Linitis Plastica ; Odors ; Stomach* ; Textile Industry ; Ulcer ; Vomiting

This study was designed to evaluated the effects of opioid receptor agonists on the spontaneous alternation behaviour in an animal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder in rats. According to the theory that dopamine is related to the biological etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder, the effect of the nalbuphine(opioid kappa agonist) and the tramadol(opioid mu agonist), which act as manipulating agents on the inhibition or stimulation of dopamine release, in the spontaneous alternation behaviour were evaluated. 24 hours prior to the experiment, rats were food-deprived. These rats were put into the T-maze, in which white and black goal boxes were baited with small amounts of chocolate milk. Each rat was given 2 set of 7 trials during which it was placed in the start box and allowed to choose the one of the goal boxes for each time. After identifying the stable baseline of spontaneous alternation behaviour, nonselective 5-HT agonist 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) disrupted spontaneous alternation. Rats were stratified into fluoxetine(10mg/kg/IP), nalbuphine(10mg/kg/IP), tramadol(46.4mg/kg/IP), and saline(0.5cc/IP) injection group with experimental drug treatment for 21 days. The effects on the 5-M?DMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced disruption of spontaneous alternation behaviour were checked at the next day of discontinuation of drug treatment. The results were as follows : 1) At the day after 21 days of the drug treatment, the nalbuphine treated group and the fluoxetine treated group showed significant difference from the tramadol treated group and the saline treated group in the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. 2) Within each drug treatment group, the fluoxetine treated group showed significant difference between before and after the treatment of fluoxetine in the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. And also, the nalbuphine treated group showed significant difference between before and after the treatment of nalbuphine in the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. There was no difference between the baseline and after the treatment of nalbuphine in the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. We indentified that the opioid kappa agonist that act as dopamine release inhibitor affect the spontaneous alternation behaviour which is an animal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder in rat.
Animals ; Cacao ; Dopamine ; Fluoxetine ; Milk ; Models, Animal ; Nalbuphine ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ; Rats* ; Receptors, Opioid ; Serotonin Receptor Agonists ; Tramadol

PURPOSE: We analyzed the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) compared with open radical cystectomy (ORC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between November 2007 and April 2009, we performed LRC to treat bladder cancer in 23 patients and ORC in 64 patients. Data including the patients' clinical characteristics, peri-operative parameters, clinical outcomes, and oncologic outcomes were collected retrospectively and analyzed by use of the Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in demographic data between the two groups. Operative time was longer (595.2 min vs. 453.1 min; p<0.01) in the LRC group but blood loss was less (634.8 ml vs. 1,415.9 ml; p<0.01) and fewer transfusions were required (13.0% vs. 50.0%; p=0.002) in the LRC group. Days to oral intake (5.7 days vs. 7.3 days; p<0.01), days to drain removal (10.9 days vs. 13.9 days; p=0.014), and length of hospital stay (15.2 days vs. 22.3 days; p<0.01) were shorter in the LRC group. Postoperative complications occurred in 4 cases in the LRC group and 28 cases in the ORC group (17.4% vs. 43.8%, p<0.01). There were no cases with a positive surgical margin in the LRC group and 3 cases in the ORC group. There was no significant difference in the number of lymph nodes excised (17.4 vs. 19.6; p=0.132) between groups. CONCLUSIONS: These short-term clinical and oncological results suggest that LRC is a safe and effective method for the treatment of invasive bladder cancer.
Cystectomy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Nodes ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Diversion