No abstract available.
Alcoholics* ; Female* ; Hospitals, Psychiatric* ; Humans

Authors observed one case of subcutaneous dermoid cyst which did not seem to have been described in the Korean literature. A 11 year old female patient complained of a asymptomatic mass near the left sternoclavicular joint in January 1978. The mass was discovered at the age of 5 when that was pea-sized and had been slowly growing. In January 1978, the mass was palpable as a peanut-sized subcutaneous solitary round mass, and overlying skin was freely movable and slightly elevated. There was no trauma history and family history was negative except her elder sister had a, axillary accessory breast. Histopathologic studies revealed a keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium lining the cystic wall, and sebaceous glands, hair follicle and eccrine glands in the surrounding tissues, and keratinous materials in the cyst. There was no evidence of malignancy. Diagnosis was confirmed by clinical features and histopathological findings, and surgical excision of tumor mass was performed.
Breast ; Child ; Dermoid Cyst* ; Diagnosis ; Eccrine Glands ; Epithelium ; Female ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Sebaceous Glands ; Siblings ; Skin ; Sternoclavicular Joint

We examined cerebrospinal fluids of 338 patients with syphilis who underwent the routine physical examinations or visited out-patient skin clinic at Kyunghee University hospital from January, 1978 to December, 1979. They were diagnosed as syphilis only with serological tests such as VDRL and TPHA tests. The patients did not have any neurologic symptoms associated with syphilis or any other clinical syphilitic syrnptoms. They did not have any history of receiving antisyphilitic treatment. The VDRL test, cell count, protein value, sugar and chloride levels in cerebr-ospinal fluid were tested in these patients. The results were as follows. 1) CSF VDRL reactive rate was 2. 1% among 388 patients with syphilis. 2) CSF celI count was not less than 5/mm in 2 patients (28. 6%) among the 7 patients with syphilis, who showed the positive reactivity of CSF VDRL, and in 13 patients (3. 9%) among the 331 patients with syphilis who did not show the positive reactivity of CSF VDRL. 3) CSF protein level was more thnn 45ml/dl in 3 patients (42. 9%) among the 7 patients with syphilis who showed the positive reactivity of CSF VDRL anct ig, 65 patients (19. 6%) among the 331 patients with syphilis who did not show the positive reactivity of CSF VDRL. 4) Both CSF sugar and chloride levels were within norrnal limits in all of the 7 patients who showed the positive reactivity of CSF VDRL.
Cell Count ; Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Humans ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Outpatients ; Physical Examination ; Serologic Tests ; Skin ; Syphilis*

We studied the expressions of E-cadherin, MMP-7 and CD44V in colorectal cancer and their corresponding normal mucosa using RT-PCR. From the 26 patients whom a com parative study of clinical and histopathological data is available, MMP-7 and CD44V were significantly enhanced in cancer and their metastatic tissues, compared with their normal mucosa. E-cadherin did not reveal any difference between cancer and normal mucosa. The relashionship between these genes and colorectal cancer development can not be confirmed by this study, however CD44v and MMP-7 may be associated with metastasis of colorectal cancer.
Cadherins ; Cell Line* ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

Serologic tests for syphilis, including the qualitative and quantitative VDRL test and TPHA test, were carried out on 18, 151 healthy young men, who took a medical check-up for the overseas employment at Kyunghee University Hospital from April, 1978 to February, 1979. The syphilitics who revealed TPHA reactive, were given a questionare that dealt with three items. The results are summarized as follows. 1) The reactive rate of VDRL test was 3. 1% among 18, 151 healthy young men, 2) The biologic false positive rate of VDRL test was 7. 7% among the 520 men in whom TPHA test was carried out, using TPHA as standard. 3) The reactive rate of TPHA test was 2. 7% among 18, 109 men. On 42 men the TPHA test was not carried out. 4) With regard to the VDRL quantitative test, the reactive rate of the group with a titration of 1: 4 or lower was 85,2% out of 480 syphilitics. 5) In 480 syphilitics, 45. 8% (220) had a history of venereal 72.3%(347) had no general knowledge of syphilis, and 86. 2% (414) was unaware of his syphilitic infection.
Employment* ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence* ; Serologic Tests ; Syphilis*

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study was to develop a comprehensive community-based fall prevention program and to test the effects of the program on the muscle strength, postural balance and fall efficacy for elderly people. METHODS: The design of this study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. There were 28 participants in the experimental group and 29 in the control group. The program consisted of balance exercises, elastic resistance exercises and prevention education. The program was provided five times a week for 8 weeks and each session lasted 90 minutes. Data were analyzed using chi2-test, independent t-test and paired t-test using the SPSS program. RESULTS: Muscle strength of the lower extremities, postural balance and fall efficacy scores significantly improved in the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that this program can improve lower extremity muscle strength, postural balance and fall efficacy in elders. Therefore, this program is recommended for use in fall prevention programs for elders living in the community.
Accidental Falls/*prevention & control ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Ankle/physiology ; Exercise ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Hip/physiology ; Humans ; Knee/physiology ; Male ; *Muscle Strength ; *Postural Balance ; *Program Evaluation

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of preterm infants remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality despite improvements in neonatal intensive care and artificial ventilatory techniques. After identification of the deficiency of pulmonary surfactant is major pathophysiologic basis in RDS, artificial surfactant replacement therapy in RDS was first successfully tested by Fujiwara and co-workers in 1980. therefore, exogenous surfactant replacement produced exellent results in improved clinical and repiratory status during the acute period and decreased incidence of late complications and mortality. According to comparison of administration timing between early (within 6 hours after birth) and late (after 6 hours)group, early replacement therapy is more effective in improving of clinical course and prognosis. Because of that, early, just after birth, recognition and detection of RDS is also important procedure. There are many investigations and methods for the detection of RDS in prenatal or postnatal period. Among then, stable microbubble rating (SMR) test was a simple method and SMR test has a higher diagnostic accuracy. To determine the relation of the SMR and purified natural surfactant (PNS) concentration in vitro, the author conducted each 5 times test of SMR method according to 5 groups of PNS concentration by using modified Pattle's method. The results were as follows: 1) The mean and standard deviation of SMR according to 5 groups of PNS concentration were 119.4 (15.0in 20mug PL (phospholipid)/ml, 452.2 (160.2 in 40mug PL/ml, 879.0 (93.4 in 60mug PL/ml, 1311.8 (274.8in80mug PL/ml, 1710.6(272.3 in 100mug PL/ml. 2) The regression curve of SMR and PNS concentration showed statistically significant relation(p<0.005). In conclusion, the SMR test was a good method in estimation of surfactant concentration in vitro and also in diagnosis of RDS recognized as a surfactant deficiency. In the future, we expected that prophylactic surfactant replacement therapy. immediate after birth, will be more popular in the field of neonatal care of RDS. So, we recommended the use of this method for early detection and serving optimal care of RDS.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Microbubbles* ; Mortality ; Parturition ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Surfactants*

BACKGROUND: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists can be useful as preemptive analgesic agents and effective in reducing established central sensitization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preemptive effect of intrathecal ketamine and compare the behavioral antinociceptive responses between pre- versus post-formalin ketamine administration in a rat pain model. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats (250 - 300 g) were prepared with a PE 10 indwelling intrathecal catheter to receive either saline (control) or ketamine. Rats received ketamine 100ng intrathecally through a catheter either 7 min before or 5 min after formalin. The formalin test was performed with 5% formalin 100nl. The control (n = 8), pre-treatment (n = 7), and post-treatment (n = 7) groups were studied. Pain related behaviors were quantified by counting the incidences of flinching of the formalin injected paw for 60 minutes. RESULTS: Intraplantar formalin injection produced a biphasic (phase 1, 0 - 10 minutes; phase 2, 10 - 60 minutes after formalin injection) response of flinching behavior in control, pre-treatment, and post-treatment groups. The post-treatment group showed less frequent phase 2 flinching than the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Post-treatment of intrathecal ketamine 100ng was effective on inhibition of phase 2 nociceptive behaviors following the formalin injection. These results suggested that intrathecal ketamine shows an analgesic effect when administered as a post-treatment.
Analgesics ; Animals ; Catheters ; Central Nervous System Sensitization ; Formaldehyde* ; Incidence ; Ketamine* ; N-Methylaspartate ; Pain Measurement* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

BACKGROUND: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists can be useful as preemptive analgesic agents and effective in reducing central sensitization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preemptive effect of intravenous (IV) ketamine on the behavioral responses between a pre- versus post-formalin test in a rat model. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats (250 - 300 g) were prepared with a PE-50 indwelling IV catheter to receive either saline or ketamine. Rats received ketamine 1 mg/kg intravenously through a catheter either 1 min before or 5 min after formalin. The formalin test was performed with 5% formalin 100nl. All rats were randomly divided into one of three groups; a control (n = 8), pre-treatment (n = 7), or post-treatment (n = 7) group. Pain related behaviors were quantified by counting the numbers of flinching of the injected paw for 60 minutes. RESULTS: Intraplantar formalin injection produced a biphasic (phase 1, 0 - 10 minutes; phase 2, 10 - 60 minutes after formalin injection) appearance of flinching behavior in the control, pre-treatment, and post- treatment groups. The pre-treatment group showed less flinching in phase 2 than the control group (P < 0.05), but the post-treatment group didn't. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that pre-treatment of IV ketamine 1 mg/kg showed a preemptive analgesic effect.
Analgesics ; Animals ; Catheters ; Central Nervous System Sensitization ; Formaldehyde* ; Ketamine* ; Models, Animal ; N-Methylaspartate ; Pain Measurement* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Hirayama disease usually selectively involves lower cervical myotomes (C8, T1). Thus, patients usually manifest with atrophy and weakness of small hand muscle. Predominant isolated involvement of proximal arm is rarely reported in Hirayama disease. Here, we report a case of Hirayama disease who had focal weakness and wasting, mainly confined to right biceps brachii muscle, with prominent shifting of dural sac in C4-5 segment by dynamic flexion magnetic resonance imaging (dfMRI), which may explain this unusual distribution of the disease.
Amyotrophy, monomelic