No abstract available.
Congenital Abnormalities*

BACKGROUND: Epinephrine used in surgery to provide hemostasis may elicit ventricular arrhythmias. A desirable anesthetic would not sensitize the myocardium to exogenously administered epinephrine. So the effect of sevoflurane, which was introduced to clinical anesthesia recently, on cardiac arrhythmias induced by the infusion of epinephrine was compared with those of halothane which was already known to epinephrine-induced arrhythmia in the 14 mongrel dogs. METHODS: The authors compared the arrhythmogenicity (three or more premature ventricular contractions, PVCs)of intravenously administered epinephrine in 14 mongrel dogs who were randomly assigned to receive sevoflurane (1.7 vol%) or halothane (0.75 vol%) anesthesia equipotently. The arrhythmogenic doses of epinephrine determined in this comparative study were expressed by both infusion rates of epinephrine during sevoflurane and halothane anesthesia. RESULTS: The mean values of the arrythmogenic infusion rates of epinephrine were 27.1 7.6 g/kg for sevoflurane and 2.7 0.8 g/kg for halothane. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the arrythmogenic doses of epinephrine during sevoflurane were significantly higher than those during halothane anesthesia.
Anesthesia* ; Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Dogs* ; Epinephrine* ; Halothane* ; Hemostasis ; Myocardium ; Ventricular Premature Complexes

In 1958, Jackson first reported on the use of proximal tibial osteotomy in the treatment of pain due to osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Subsequently, various osteotomy techniques have been reported. The varus deformity of the knee associated with osteoarthritis can be corrected by realigning the joint and thereby shifting the line of weight bearing to the compartment with preserved articular cartilage. This procedure has been found to relieve pain, improve function and arrest the progress of the condition. Twenty five cases of genu varum associated with osteoarthritis were treated by high tibial osteotomy at Dept. of O.S., Seoul National University Hospital, from July 1976 to June 1983. And the following results were obtained. 1. In a review of 25 high tibial osteotomies, excellent and good results were noted in 80% of the knees after average follow-up 2.9 years. 2. Postoperative valgus angles, ranging from 5° to 20°, were averaged to be 10.8°. 3. Though some authors indicate the obesity as one of risk factors, we obtained satisfactory results in 25 knees of obese patients.
Cartilage, Articular ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genu Varum ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Obesity ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteotomy ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Leptospira interrogans* ; Leptospira*

Duplex ultrasonography (USG) is an accepted method to assess noninvasively arterial inflow to the penis. Optimal pharmacological agents as well as timing of the scan and stimulation during the scan continue to be debated. Between August 1994 and May 1996, 24 normal males (control group) and 45 impotent patients (impotence group) underwent penile doppler sonography, and their records were reviewed. Scans were performed at 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 minutes after intracavernous injection of PGE1 (10 pg) in all subjects. Any subject not having a full erection at 15 minutes performed private self-stimulation for at least 5 minutes before the 30 minute scan. If we define normal arterial inflow as a peak systolic velocity (PSV) of 30 cm. per second or greater in the best artery, 46% of control group and 55% of impotence group achieved this velocity until 5 minutes. One (4%) of control group and three (6%) of impotence group achieved maximum velocity at 1 or 3 minutes but continually PSV of 30 cm. per second or greater after 5 minutes, so any subject may not have had an incorrect diagnosis. When we calculated maximum velocity in the best artery in relation to percentage tumescence, maximum velocity were recorded most often at 10% tumescence (46% of control group and 51% of impotence group). If we define normal arterial inflow as PSV of 30 cm. per second or greater in best artery, the cumulative percentage of patients who achieved this velocity at 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 minutes were 4, 34, 46, 88, 96, 96 and 100% in control group and 6, 28, 55, 90, 92, 94 and 96% in impotence group. In conclusion, we support delaying the initial scan until 5 minutes, performing the additional scans until 30 minutes and self-stimulation when necessary. We believe all efforts should be made to have studies performed in the setting of least anxiety to the patient.
Alprostadil* ; Anxiety ; Arteries ; Diagnosis ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Humans ; Male ; Penis ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Humans

PURPOSE: This study was done to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and any type of clinical dementia. METHODS: Participants were 60,321 people over 60 years of age enrolled in the Seoul Dementia Management Project in 2011. K-MMSE was used to classify participants as having a cognitive impairment and the Clinical Dementia Rating or DSM-IV by psychiatrists or neurologists to determine whether participants were in the dementia group or the non-dementia group. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and binary logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: In the univariate analysis, age, education level, living with spouse, BMI, alcohol consumption, and exercise were significantly associated with dementia. In multivariable analysis, increasing age was positively associated with dementia, and educational level was negatively associated with dementia. The exercise group had a lower prevalence of dementia than the non-exercise group. The odds ratio of dementia in the over-weight and obese groups compared to the normal group was 0.85 (95% CI 0.60, 0.98) and 0.64 (95%CI 0.46, 0.75), respectively. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that dementia is negatively associated with increasing BMI in people aged 60 years or older, but a prospective cohort study is needed to elucidate the causal effect relationship between BMI and dementia.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alcohol Drinking ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dementia/*epidemiology ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Residence Characteristics ; Risk Factors ; Smoking

Augmentation rhinoplasty is one of the most popular aesthetic procedures in Asians. Numerous alloplastic implants have been used, however alloplastic implants may cause many problems in nasal and perinasal areas because of thin soft tissue cover. For these reasons, an ideal implant should be nonpalpable, readily exchangeable and biocompatible. Among these alloplastic implants, Gore-Tex(R) is a polymer of carbon bound to fluorine composed of solid nodes connected by very fine fibers. It has been reported that this material become permeated and surrounded by mature connective tissue, forming a strong supporting envelop for the material, yet the implant is easily removed because of limited tissue ingrowth. Since it's development, Gore-Tex(R) has found many applications in the field of facial plastic and reconstructive surgery. From November, 2001 to December, 2002, Gore-Tex(R) implants were removed from 17 patients due to several problems such as; decreased dorsal height, tip deformity, chronic inflammation. The implants were very hard to remove and coinciding injury of the surrounding tissue were inevitable. An analysis of the length and thickness changes in these removed implants was made. The results showed, decrease in length and thickness with a volume loss averaging, 46.3% in 45x4.0mm implants, 49.3% in 50x5.0mm implants. In view of the experiences of 17 cases of Gore-Tex(R) implants in rhinoplasty, we have concluded that Gore-Tex(R) implants were structurally unstable, fibrovascular tissue ingrowth into pores were minimal, the implants were very hard to remove and the implants caused a postoperative volume reduction. Therefore, Gore-Tex(R) use in augmentation rhinoplasty should be approached with caution.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carbon ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Connective Tissue ; Fluorine ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Plastics ; Polymers ; Polytetrafluoroethylene* ; Rhinoplasty*

Pleomorphic (undifferentated) carcinoma is a rare histologic type of carcinomas of the gallbladder and an atypical carcinoid is thought to be an intermediated type between carcinoid tumor and small cell carcinoma. Dense core "neurosecretory" granules can be found in the above mentioned tumors. We experienced a case of a double tumor of the gallbladder in a 51-year old male patient. Grossly, a large solid mass, about 5.0 cm in diameter, was found in the fundic portion and the neck portion also had a small 1.5 cm-sized polypoid mass. Microscopically, these lesions had features of pleomorphic carcinoma and atypical carcinoid, respectively. Immunohistochemically, they manifested reactivity for neuron specific enolase. Ultrastructural study revealed neurosecretory granules in the cytoplasms of tumor cells of the fundic and neck masses. Although light microscopic features of these tumor masses are quite different, we consider that these tumors represent a spectrum of neuroendocrine differentiation.
Male ; Humans

We have reviewed ovarian mature cystic teratomas with features of chronic thyroiditis that were diagnosed at the department of pathology, Seoul National University Hospital during 7 years, 1984-1991. Twenty three case(8%) containing thyroid tissue among 285 ovarian mature teratomas were available for histopathologic examination. Among these, 4 cases(1.4%) showed lymphocytic infiltration with lymphoid follicle formation. These four cases were examined according to the strict histologic criteria of autoimmune thyroiditis and reactive non-autoimmune thyroiditis for the purpose of differentiation of pathogenesis. Two cases were similar to autoimmune in nature and the other two cases simply seemed to reflect reactive features to adjacent stimulating elements. In conclusion, thyroid tissue present in ovarian cystic teratoma may have histologic features of chronic thyroiditis of either autoimmune or non-autoimmune origin.