No abstract available.
Electroencephalography* ; Humans ; Neurologic Manifestations* ; Seizures*

BACKGROUND: Drug-induced Parkinsonism(DIP) is the second commonest cause of Parkinsonism, after idiopathic Parkinson's disease(IPD). DIP is frequently produced by antipsychotic drugs. But the clinical characteristics of DIP did not get attention by neurologist. So we studied the clinical profiles of DIP patients. METHODS: We studied the clinical profiles of thirthone patients who showed parkinsonism after antipsychotic drug treatment. We compared the score of motor part of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS) between trihexyphenidyl(n=15) & amantadine(n=16) monotherapy group(initial & 4 week after treatment). RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 45 years. Bradykinesia was the 1st symptom in 26 patients(94%), tremor in 5 patients(6%). In 25 patients(81%), the first symptom appeared within 1 week after sntipsychotic treatment. There was a statistical significant negative correlation between the dosage of antipsychotic drug and the symptom-onset interval following treatment with antipsychotic drugs(simple correlation analysis, p>0.01). Bradykinesia and rigidity were appeared in all DIP patients, symmetric distribution was more common(94%, 87%) Tremor occurred in 27 patients (87%). In patients with tremor, postural or action tremor was dominant in 15 patients(56%) asymmetric distribution was more common(16/27, 59%). There are no statistical difference in motor score of UPDRS between trihexyphenidyl & amantadine monotherapy group(student t-test, p<0.05) CONCLUSIONS: Bradykinesia was the most common 1st symptom in DIP patients. Asymmertrical postural or action tremor was relativelly common in DIP. Amantadine showed the same efficacy in the treatment of DIP compared to anticholinergics.
Amantadine ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Cholinergic Antagonists ; Humans ; Hypokinesia ; Parkinson Disease ; Parkinsonian Disorders* ; Tremor ; Trihexyphenidyl

To develop an animal model of nephrolithiasis similar to the pattern of human renal stone disease, we adopted a protocol of administration of stone substrates along with induction of renal tubular injuries. Male Wister rats fed with 3% ammonium oxalate containing chows with or without additional 40 mg/kg/day of gentamicin for 8 days were compared with those fed with normal chows. On dissecting microscopic examination, rats receiving oxalate and gentamicin showed more crystals and plaques than rats receiving oxalate only, both in 15 days and 22 days after feeding, and most of the crystals were located at renal papilla. Average score of crystal abundance was 0.4, 1.15, respectively in rats receiving oxalate only and oxalate plus gentamicin after 15 days of feeding, and 0.9 and 1.55, respectively after 22 days. Little crystals were found in rats fed with normal chow with or without gentamicin. Urinary excretion of tubular epithelial brush border enzyme, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT), was increased by gentamicin administration whereas creatinine clearance rate was not changed. Urinary excretion of oxalate was unchanged, but calcium and uric acid was markedly decreased in rats fed with oxalate and formed crystals, and citrate and magnesium excretion was also decreased. These results indicate that administration of oxalate along with inducing renal tubular damages by subcutaneous injection of gentamicin seems to form crystals and plaques in the kidney more rapidly and abundantly than feeding with oxalate alone.
Animals* ; Calcium ; Citric Acid ; Creatinine ; Gentamicins ; Humans ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Kidney ; Magnesium ; Male ; Microvilli ; Models, Animal* ; Nephrolithiasis* ; Oxalic Acid ; Rats ; Uric Acid

Purpose: Sinus tarsi syndrome (STS) is caused by various pathologies. However, the exact etiology of STS remains controversial. This study evaluated the imaging and arthroscopic findings of patients who underwent surgical treatment after conservative treatment for STS failed. Materials and Methods: Between December 2014 and August 2018, 20 patients (21 cases) who underwent surgical treatment for STS were included in the study. The clinical results were analyzed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot functional scale. The radiographic results were analyzed using Meary’s angle, calcaneal pitch angle, and hindfoot alignment angle. The pathologic conditions of sinus tarsi were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and subtalar arthroscopy. Synovitis, bone edema, and accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF) were evaluated on MRI. Synovial thickening, cartilage damage, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament (ITCL) and cervical ligament rupture, soft tissue impingement, AALTF, and accessory talar facet impingement (ATFI) were evaluated by subtalar arthroscopy. Results: The mean duration of symptoms was 28.7 months (4~120). All patients showed significant improvement in the VAS and AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scale. Significant improvements in hindfoot alignment angle and Meary’s angle postoperatively were noted in patients who underwent medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy. MRI confirmed synovitis in all patients, AALTF in 19 cases (90.5%), and ATFI with bone edema in seven cases (33.3%). In subtalar arthroscopy, pathologic conditions were observed in the following order:synovitis in 21 cases (100%), AALTF in 20 cases (95.2%), ITCL partial rupture in nine cases (42.9%), and soft tissue impingement in seven cases (33.3%). All cases had two or more pathological conditions, and 15 (71.4%) had three or more. Conclusion In cases of STS that do not respond to conservative treatment, a comprehensive examination of the lesions of the tarsal sinus and lesions around the subtalar joint is essential.

OBJECTIVES: This study determined the work schedules of public project workers who work an irregular shift and assessed the effect of these schedules on depression. METHODS: Study subjects were 2934 laborers who are members of seven labor unions. Each was given a questionnaire requesting basic personal information, habits, socioeconomic status, and work schedules. Information gathered on work schedules included daytime, nighttime, and weekend work hours. Depression was evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), with Laborers who checked "not depressed" and "slightly depressive" categorized to a low-risk group, whereas laborers who checked "depressed" and "severely depressed" were categorized to a high-risk group. We used the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression to examine associations between work schedules and depression. RESULTS: Laborers on an irregular work schedule averaged 47.8 hours/week and laborers who working over 48 hours/week comprised over half (54.5%) of the total population. Laborers performing night work, Sunday work, and Saturday work more than once in a month made up 25.7%, 30.8% and 33.5% of the examined population, respectively. A high-risk for depression was identified in 10.4% of laborers. Using logistic regression, depression was statistically associated with working : over 10 hours a day (OR=1.63, 95% CI 1.10~2.43), night work (OR=2.20, 95% CI 1.46~3.32), Sunday work (OR=1.81, 95% CI 1.15~2.85) and Saturday work (OR=1.82 95% CI 1.18~2.82). CONCLUSION: A significant number of laborers with irregular working shifts work long hours and on weekends. Depression was significantly associated with this type of work schedule.
Appointments and Schedules ; Depression ; Humans ; Labor Unions ; Logistic Models ; Public Sector ; Questionnaires ; Social Class

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatocytes on the hepatic lobule mipate from portal zone to centrilobular mea as the DNA synthesis within it. And also, the xenobiotic reactions reveal characteristic differences associated with zone specific metabolism in the liver acinus. In this study, the zonal distribution of ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-induced hepatic precancerous lesion was stereologically investigated. METHODS: Nine B6C3F1 mices were given I.p. injection of ENU (60 ug/pn body weight) when the pups were 15 days old prior to sacrifices at 8 weeks of life. All the 150 consecutive sections, 3 p m in thickness, were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and identified the basophilic precancerous lesions with 80-165 p m diameter in equatorial plane by the Zeiss microprojector. And then the distances from the center of selected foci to terminal hepatic vein or portal vein branches were estimated under the microscopic fields. As a control group, the same estimations were performed from the random points by the appointments of random digit table. RESULTS: Mean distance between ENU-induced 52 hepatocellular foci and the nearest terminal hepytic vein was 181.15+112.39 p m (Mean+ SD), but that of randomly selected 104 points was 291.73+157.98pm (Mean+5D) (Students t-test, p<0.0005). Substantially, 52.7% of ENU-induced 52 hepatocellular foci were within 300 p m from the terminal hepatic vein, but randomly selected 104 points were only 50.9% (Shapiro Wilk W test, w=0.819857, p=0.048038). Mean distance from ENU-induced 52 foci to portal vein was 398.85+149.98pm (Mean+SD), but that from the randomly selected 104 points was 315.87+145.79 pm (Mean+SD)(Students t-test, p<0.0005). CONCLUSION: Stereologically, ENU-induced mice liver cell foci distribute non-randomly to Zone III, centrilobular zone of mouse hepatic acini where promote invasion toward terminal hepatic veins.
Animals ; Appointments and Schedules ; Basophils ; Cholestasis ; DNA ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Ethylnitrosourea ; Fluconazole ; Hematoxylin ; Hepatic Veins ; Hepatocytes ; Liver ; Metabolism ; Mice* ; Portal Vein ; Veins

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Spontaneous progression of severe congestive heart failure is structurally characterized by cellular degeneration and multiple foci of myocardial cell death. The cardiac troponin I (cTnI), one of the subunits of the troponin regulatory complex, binds to actin and inhibits interaction between actin and myosin. cTnI is uniquely expressed in the adult human myocardium, and an increase in its circulating levels is highly indicative of myocardial injury. In this study, we addressed the usefulness of cTnI as a sensitive and specific molecular marker for severity in patients with congestive heart failure. MethodscTnI, creatinin kinase-MB (CK-MB), and myoglobin were assessed in 59 patients with severe congestive heart failure diagnosed by the echo-cardiography and gated equilibrium blood pool heart scan. Also we assesed cTnI, creatinin kinase-MB (CK-MB), and myoglobin in 25 persons without cardiac disease in echocardiography. RESULTS: 1) The cTnI con-centration was 89.6+/-69.3 pg/mL in patients with congestive heart failure and its level was greater than that of the control group (22.4+/-17.1, p=0.001). 2) The cTnI level differed significantly according to left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), 117.3+/-73.8 pg/mL in patients with EF\<40% (28 patients), 66.3+/-44.5 pg/mL in patients with EF> or =40% (31 patients), 22.4+/-17.1 pg/mL in the control group (25 persons) (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: cTnI was useful as a specific and sensitive serum molecular marker in patients of congestive heart failure. And its level reflected the severity of congestive heart failure.
Actins ; Adult ; Cell Death ; Echocardiography ; Equidae ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Heart ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Failure* ; Humans ; Myocardium ; Myoglobin ; Myosins ; Stroke Volume ; Troponin I* ; Troponin*

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate trabecular changes in the mandible using fractal analysis and to explain the transient osteopenia related to rapid orthodontic tooth movement after orthognathic surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Panoramic radiographs were taken of 26 patients who underwent bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Radiographs taken before the surgery and 1 month after surgery were overlapped, and 40x40 pixel square regions of interest were selected near the mandibular canines and 1st molars. After the image processing procedure, the fractal dimension was calculated using the box-counting method. RESULTS: Fractal dimension after orthognathic surgery decreased in a statistically significant manner (P<0.05). The change in fractal dimension on the canine side had greater statistical significance as compared to that seen on the 1st molar side. CONCLUSION: This study found that bone density decreases after orthognathic surgery due to transient osteopenia related to the regional acceleratory phenomenon. This result can provide a guide to evaluating orthodontic tooth movement after orthognathic surgery.
Bone Density ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Fractals ; Humans ; Mandible ; Molar ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus ; Tooth Movement

A new phenolic compound and three known flavonoids isolated from the MeOH extracts of Lespedeza tomentosa. Based on spectral data, the isolated compounds were identified as methyl 4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)benzoate (1), 1-methoxylespeflorin G11 (2), farrerol (3) and 1-methoxylespeflorin I2 (4). Methyl 4,5- dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)benzoate (1) is newly isolated from plant source.

A new phenolic compound and three known flavonoids isolated from the MeOH extracts of Lespedeza tomentosa. Based on spectral data, the isolated compounds were identified as methyl 4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)benzoate (1), 1-methoxylespeflorin G11 (2), farrerol (3) and 1-methoxylespeflorin I2 (4). Methyl 4,5- dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)benzoate (1) is newly isolated from plant source.