Spinal dimensions (anterior, mid, and posterior height of the vertebral body) and shape variation (wedge compression, biconcave, and crush ratio) were obtained from plain radiographs of healthy Korean men and women. The purpose of this study was to define vertebral fracture from normal spinal morphometry of Korean men and women and to compare spinal dimension between men and women. Healthy 100 men and 100 women were included in this study. Plain lateral radiographs of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae were taken with standard method. Quantitative morphometry (anterior, mid, and posterior height of the vertebral body) was performed with plain radiographs. Spinal shape variations (wedge compression, biconcave, and crush ratio) were calculated from morphometric data. Spinal dimensions and shape variation of Korean men and women were presented, and morphometric cut-off vaiues for vertebral fracture were evaluated(mean-3xSD). Spinal dimensions of men were greater than women in all level (p<0.01). Wedge compression ratios (T6, 7, 8, 9, 12, L5 level) and biconcave ratios (T12, Ll, 4, 5 level) and crush ratios (Tll, L4, L5 level) were different between men and women (p<0.01). Spinal dimensions and shape variation from quantitative morphometry can be used in objective definition of vertebral fracture which can be used in medicolegal problem, workers compensation and medical insurance.
Female ; Humans ; Insurance ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Spine ; Workers' Compensation

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

In 1985, Stein et al, indentified an anaplastic large-cell malignant lymphoma that was distinctive because of the diffuse dermal infiltration of pleomorphic large lymphocytes, sinus growth pattern, and reactivity with the monoclonal antibody Ki-1(CD30). The clinical feature; distinguishing anaplastic large-cell Ki-1 lymphoma include a young median age, frequent peripheral adenopathy with sparing of the mediastinum, and extranodal disease with skin the most common sitc of involvement. We report a case of Ki-1 postive large-cell lymphoma in a 74-year-old male patient who presented with multiple ulcerated nodules on the right shin area.
Aged ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ; Male ; Mediastinum ; Skin ; Ulcer

The treatment of acutely torn anterior cruciate ligament(A.C.L) remains a controversial subject. The purpose of this paper is to show the arthroscopic technique of A.C.L. primary repair with or without augmentation with semitendinosus tendon. Twenty-one patients with acute A.C.L. tear were treated with repair or augmented repair under arthroscopic control from April 1989 to August 1993. Five A.C.L. torn at femoral attachment with intact distal stump were treated with arthoscopic repair alone & 16 A.C.L. torn at substance near the femoral attachment with arthroscopic repair & augmentation with semitendinosus tendon. The patient population included of 16 males and 5 females with an average age 28.3 years. Fifteen patients injuried during sports activity. Postoperative results were evaluated by Lysholm knee score & Hospital for Special Surgery knee scale in average 26 months (range from 12 months to 64 months). All patients were rated as good or excellent result except one patient who had fair result. At follow-up study, testing with KT1000 arthrometer revealed 17 patients had less than 3mm of side to side difference. Second look arthroscopy was performed in 15 patients from 4 to 29 months after repair or augmented repair. Eleven out of these 15 A.C.L. were well healed with good tension 8r. revascularization of graft. Remaining 4 A.C.L. were healed with scar tissue. On the based of this study, arthroscopic repair or augmented repair is very effective treatment for acutely torn A.C.L. near the femoral attachment.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Arthroscopy ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Lysholm Knee Score ; Male ; Sports ; Tears ; Tendons ; Transplants

We reviewed 24 patients who had performed arthroscopic meniscal repair for the treatment off discoid lateral meniscal tear between january 1989 and December 1992. The follow up ranged from 1 year 6 month to 4 year 6 month(average 32month). The mean age was 17.9(range,8-50)years, the patients under 20 years old were 17(cases,71%).Common preoperative clinical symptom was pain on the knee joint(21 cases,87.5%) and click(19 cases,79%).Positive McMurry test was the most common physical examination finding(19 cases, 79%). All the lateral discoid meniscal tears were confirmed by arthroscopy. The mean interval between symptom onset and operation was 18.7 months(range 1 month to 10 year). The types of tear were peripheral (14cases, 58%), complex tear(4cases), longitudinal tear(2cases), transverse tear(2cases), horizontal tear(2cases)and the most common location of tear was posterior horn(1 1cases, 45%). The mean number of suture was four. In operative method, Scases(33%) were performed only meniscorrhaphy and meniscorrhaphy combined with partial meniscectomy was done in 16 cases(67%). According to Ikeuchi's grading system, the result was satisfactory in 21cases, fair in three cases. Second look arthroscopy was done in eleven cases(46%) between post operative 4 months to 2 years(mean, 8.3 months). The arthroscopic examination revealed complete healing of repaired meniscus in eight cases(73%). The remained three cases which were not completely healed was fair result.
Arthroscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Methods ; Physical Examination ; Sutures ; Tears

No abstract available.
Fistula* ; Humans ; Infant*

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship between surgical outcomes and preoperative MRI findings, a retrospective review was conducted on the surgical outcomes depending on the preoperative MRI findings including type of herniation and Modic changes. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: In most reports, the patients that have large disc herniation were expected to have improved surgical outcomes. However, there have been controversies regarding the outcomes and Modic changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The retrospective review was conducted in 82 patients who underwent a discectomy for single level lumbar disc herniation. The average follow-up period was 34.2 months. Among their preoperative baseline MRI measurements, the stage of disc herniation, degree of nerve root compression, degree of dural sac compression, and Modic change of vertebral endplate were evaluated for the subsequent comparison between the preoperative and postoperative changes and ODI score. RESULTS: Patients with extrusion or sequestration type showed significant improvements compared to the patients with protrusion type disc herniation. By degree of nerve root compression, patients with root compression showed significant improvements compared to the patients who had contact type. The degree of dural sac compression revealed no correlation with changes in the ODI score. 23 of the 82 patients, the preoperative MRI showed a Modic change. Compared to the group who did not show such a Modic change, they turned out to be unrelated to the preoperative and postoperative changes in the ODI score. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who had extrusion or sequestration type disc herniation showed a better clinical improvement than protrusion type. Patients with compression type root lesion showed better clinical improvement than contact type root lesion. No correlation was noted regarding the outcomes of the surgical treatment and degree of dural sac compression or Modic changes.
Diskectomy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Radiculopathy ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome*

STUDY DESIGN: This is a retrospective review. OBJECTIVES: We wanted to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of operative treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases in patients who are undergoing dialysis. SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE REVIEW: Operative treatment for patients having spinal diseases with chronic renal failure (CRF) demands special consideration because of the medical and surgical complications and the poor clinical outcome. There are only few reports on operative treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases for patients who are undergoing dialysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight patients with lumbar degenerative spondylopathy and CRF and who were undergoing dialysis were operated on from August 1998 to September 2007. The clinical and radiological outcomes were evaluated using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scale and the plain X-rays. The serum alkaline phosphatase levels were measured to evaluate the bone metabolism along with the postoperative improvement of clinical symptom. RESULTS: We had 1 case of postoperative mortality with peritoneal dialysis due to sepsis that was caused by panperitonitis and another complication of discitis. Only 1 of 4 cases that underwent fusion procedure had radiological bony union. The mean JOA scores were 12.0 (range: 10-14) preoperatively and 17.3 (range: 5-20) and 15.6 (range: 9-19) at postoperative 6 months and the final follow-up, respectively (p<0.05). The mean serum alkaline phosphatase levels were 80.9 (range: 43-142) preoperatively, 98 (range: 68-164) at postoperative 1 month, 75 (range: 50-102) at postoperative 6 months and 108 (range: 60-209) at the final follow-up (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical outcomes of surgical treatments were improved for the degenerative spine disease patients who are undergoing dialysis. However after the fusion procedure, the bony fusion rate was low (25%). Since a high rate of perioperative medical complications can be expected, thorough medical evaluation during preoperation and postoperation is recommended.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Dialysis ; Discitis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Spinal Diseases ; Spine

Patients with lumbar spinal stenosis may exhibit symptoms such as back pain, radiating pain, and neurogenic claudication. Although long-term outcome of treatments manifests similar results for both nonsurgical and surgical treatments, positive effects such as short-term improvement in symptoms and decreased fall risk may be expected with surgery. Surgical treatment is basically decompression, and a combination of treatments can be added depending on the degree of decompression and the accompanying instability. Recently, minimally invasive surgery has been found to result in excellent outcomes in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis. Therefore, better treatment effects can be anticipated with an approach aimed at understanding the overall pathophysiology and treatment methods of lumbar spinal stenosis.