No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats* ; Seoul virus* ; Seoul*

PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to analyze the types of voiding dysfunction following a tension free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure, and to report our experience of diagnosing and treating post-TVT voiding dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A TVT procedure was performed on 201 patients, of which, 51 (25.4%) developed a voiding dysfunction. The TVT was incised or released to increase the uroflow and decrease the residual urine volume for those whose symptoms were not controlled by anticholinergics (tolterodine, propiverine) and/or alpha-blockers (alfuzocin, terazocin) or clean intermittent catheterization (CIC). The success rate and degree of satisfaction were investigated for the correction of stress incontinence. RESULTS: In 36 patients, the voiding symptoms improved after medication administration, with a mean interval of 16.5 days. Another 15 patients required a TVT incision or release at means of 27 and 8 days, respectively. After the incision or release of the TVT sling, the mean maximal flow rate (MFR) increased from 9.3+/-4.3 to 21.7+/-6.7ml/sec, and mean residual urine volume (RU) decreased from 277.9+/-156.2 to 24.6+/-16.0ml. The success rate and satisfaction of the TVT procedure were 98.0 and 90.4%, respectively. Lastly, 88.3% of the subjects reported they would recommend the TVT procedure to people they know with symptoms of stress urinary incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that voiding dysfunction, with normal uroflow and RU, may be effectively controlled with conservative treatment. However, when the voiding dysfunction is accompanied by a decreased MFR and an increased RU, an additional procedure, such as the TVT incision or release, is recommended.
Cholinergic Antagonists ; Humans ; Intermittent Urethral Catheterization ; Suburethral Slings* ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress

It is common to administrate neostigmiae methylsulfate and atropiae aulfate to counteract the effect of nondepolarising neuromuscular blocker. In case of cardiovascular disease, the effect of bradycardia or tachycardia resultiag from the administration of these drugs may be harmful to the patient. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of combinatioa and method of administration of neostigmine methylsulfate and atropine sulfate on heart rate. One hundred and two patients in both sexes were devided into three groups(A, B, C), and each group was devided into three subgroups (AI, AII, AIII, BI, BII, BIII, CI, CII, CIII). In group A, neostigmine methylsulfate and atropine aulfate were mixed and administered intravenously within fifteen seconds. In group B, atropine eulfate was administered thirty seconds after the administration of neostigmine methylsulfate. In group C, the two drugs were mixed and administered over a period of five minutes. In subgroup I the ratio of neostigmine methyliulfate to atropine sulfate was 2: 1(0. 04 mg/kg: 0.02 mg/kg) in subgroup 3 the ratio was 3: 2(0.03 mg/kg: 0. 02 mg/kg), and in subgroup lll the ratio was 1: 1(0. 02 mg/kg: 0. 02 mg/kg). The heart rate was counted just before, 0. 5 minute, 1 miaute, l. 5 minutes, 2 minutes, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes after the administration of the drugs. The results were as follows: 1) Initial increase in heart rate was significant in lager atropine ratio. 2) The later decrease in heart rate waa less in larger atropine ratio. 3) The maximal increases in heart rate in groap A and B appeared thirty seconds apart, but there was little difference betweea them. 4) The change ia heart rate was the least in group C.
Atropine* ; Bradycardia ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Neostigmine ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Tachycardia

PURPOSE: To determine the preferred method of drinking water before spiral CT scanning of a gastric lesion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Spiral CT scans of 92 patients with gastric lesion were obtained and evaluated. Patients drank tap water as oral contrast material and were scanned in the prone position; they were divided into two groups according to the method by which water was ingested. Group 1 patients drank 500ml 60 minutes before scanning; 500mL, 30 minutes before scanning; and 500mL just before scanning, while those in group 2 drank 800-1000mL just before scanning. In all cases, precontrast images were obtained, and an additional 300mL of water was given if the stomach was not adequately distended. Postcontrast images were obtained at 35 seconds, 80 seconds and 3 minutes after the start of infusion of contrast material. For 35- and 80-second scans, spiral CT was performed with 5-mm collimation, 7mm/sec table feed, and 5-mm reconstruction interval; for precontrast and 3-minute scans, 10-mm collimation, 10mm/sec table feed, and 10-mm reconstruction interval were used. There were 40 patients in group 1, and 52 in group 2. The images of the two groups were evaluated according to three criteria: gastric distension, mucosal enhancement, and tumor distinction. For each criterion, the images were evaluated by grading; an 'excellent' image scored 3, 'good' 2, 'ordinary' 1, and 'poor' 0. The differences in imaging quality between the two groups were statistically evaluated. Images obtained at 35 and 80 seconds, and at 3 minutes after the start of infusion of contrast material were compared, and the detectability of 18 confirmed cases of early gastric cancer was evaluated. RESULTS: For gastric distension, the mean score was 1.65 in group 1, and 1.81 in group 2 (P=0.33); the corresponding figures for mucosal enhancement were 1.45 and 1.65 (P=0.11), and for tumor distinction, 1.30 and 1.52 (P=0.09). Between the two groups, there was therefore no statistical difference in image quality. With regard to postcontrast images, those obtained after a delay of 35 seconds were best; those obtained at 80 seconds were better than those obtained at 3 minutes. Fifteen of 18 case of early gastric cancer were detected on spiral CT, and the detection rate was 83.8%. CONCLUSION: No statistically significant difference was seen between the two groups, and a single drink of water-just before scanning- is thus preferable to several drinks. Two scans, with images delayed for 35 and 80 seconds after contrast enhancement, are adequate. The use of these methods may improve the image quality of gastric lesions and the detection rate of early gastric cancer.
Drinking Water ; Eating* ; Humans ; Prone Position ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Tomography, Spiral Computed* ; Water*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Abscess*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Fistula* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Heart* ; Thoracic Surgery*

A total of 120 infants, children, and teenagers, who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital from April 1989 to August 1989, were examined by cross-sectional echocardiography. Right and left atrial and ventricular dimensions and areas were measured in the parasternal, apical, and subcostal views. Dimensions of the inferior caval vein, the pulmonary and the aorta were obtained in the parasternal, suprasternal, and subcostal views. The results were as follows : 1) Statistical analysis showed no difference between boys and girls. 2) For all parameters, a positive linear correlation was found with age, height, weight, and body surface area. The best correlation was with body surface area. 3) The correlation was further improved if the logarithmic values of the measurements and body surface area were considered. 4) Measurements by cross-sectional echocardiography are clinically useful, especially in the study of the right-sided cardiac structures that are difficult to evaluate with M-mode echocardiography, but the problems of reproducibility have to be taken into account.
Adolescent ; Aorta ; Body Surface Area ; Child* ; Echocardiography* ; Female ; Humans ; Infant* ; Pediatrics ; Reference Values ; Veins

Penile amputation is quite rare and requires emergency reimplantation by using microvascular surgery. Herein we report a case of an 8-year-old boy who accidentally has his penis amputated during circumcision. Emergency reimplantation was performed by using microvascular surgery. Thereafter partial necrosis of glans penis and distal penile skin was noted So penoplasty by using scrotal skin was done to restore normal shape penis. After 6 months later, normal erection and sensation were restored.
Amputation ; Child* ; Circumcision, Male ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis ; Penis* ; Replantation* ; Sensation ; Skin