No abstract available.
Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous*

Traumatic intracranial lesion has been one of the most frequent and serous problem in neurosurgical pathology. CT made it possible to get prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention of intracranial lesions by its safety, fastiness and accuracy. Computed tomographic scan was carried out on 1309 cases at Soonchunhyang Chunan Hospitalfor 15 months from Oct. 1983 to Dec. 1984. We have reviewed the computed tomographic scans of 264 patients whichshowed traumatic intracranial lesion. The results were as follows: 1. Head trauma was the most frequentlydiagnosed disase using computed tomographic scans(57.8%), and among 264 cases the most frequent mode of injury wastraffic accident (73.9%). 2. Skull fracture was accompained in frequency of 69.7% and it was detected in CT in38.6%: depression fractue was more easily detected in 81%. 3. Countercoup lesion(9.5%) was usually accompained with temporal and occipital fracture, and it appeared in lower incidence among pediatric group. 4. Intracranial lesions of all 264 cases were generalized cerebral swelling(24.6%), subdural hematoma(22.3%), epiduralhematoma(20.8%), intracerebral hematoma(6.1%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage(3.0%). 5. The shape of hematoma wasusually biconvex(92.7%) in acute epidural hematoma and cresentic(100%) in acute subdural hematoma, but the morechronic the cases became, they showed planoconvex and biconvex shapes. 6. Extra-axial hematoma was getting decreased in density as time gone by. 7. Hematoma density was not in direct proportion to serum hemoglobin levelas single factor.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural, Acute ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pathology ; Skull Fractures

Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary contraction of muscles resulting in repetitive or twisting movements. Dystonia is generally caused by basal ganglia dysfunction.Recent studies have reported an association between dystonia and brainstem disorders. However, the pathological mechanism is uncertain, and detailed management strategies are limited. Here, we report a case of hemidystonia with abnormal posture and impaired proprioception after pontine hemorrhage that was effectively treated with pharmacotherapy combined with early intensive comprehensive rehabilitation. A 45-year-old man presented with abnormal posture and dystonic movement in the right hand and foot after a pontine hemorrhagic stroke. Pharmacotherapy with clonazepam and benztropine was administered, and comprehensive rehabilitation programs were implemented intensively from the early stages of symptom onset. After 3 months, the patient was able to walk independently, go up and down a few stairs without the use of a handrail, and was able to perform activities of daily living with minimal assistance.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of the combined treatment of excision of the papillae and a supratarsal injection of triamcinolone on refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). METHODS: Twenty-three eyes of 14 patients with refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis were included. Patients were treated with the combined excision of papillae and supratarsal injection of triamcinolone. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, symptoms of itching, tearing, discomfort, secretion and epiphora, and signs including limbal hypertrophy, hyperemia, papilla size, keratitis, corneal neovascularization and blepharitis were evaluated before and two weeks, four weeks, and eight weeks after treatment. The CCL11 level in the tears of each eye were analyzed before and two weeks after treatment. RESULTS: The mean scores of subjective symptoms and objective signs as well as BCVA were significantly improved two weeks after treatment. CCL11 levels in the tears were 389.5+/-474.9 pg/ml before treatment and were undetectable two weeks after treatment. Improvement of symptom and sign parameters was maintained up to eight weeks after treatment. However, seven eyes (30.4%) recurred within two weeks after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Combined excision of the papillae and a supratarsal injection of triamcinolone may be effective in the treatment of refractory VKC.
Blepharitis ; Conjunctivitis, Allergic ; Corneal Neovascularization ; Eye ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Hypertrophy ; Intraocular Pressure ; Keratitis ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Pruritus ; Tears ; Triamcinolone ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Rheumatic Diseases*

BACKGROUND: To detect anti-human leukocyte antigen(HLA) class I alloantibodies in patients awaiting solid organ transplantation, panel reactive antibody(PRA) test using complement-dependent lymphocytotoxicity(CDC) has been used. The enough size of lymphocyte panel in PRA test enables the identification of HLA antibody specificities. So we made lymphocyte panel of 72 wells to evaluate the usefulness comparing with 36 wells screening panel. METHODS: A total of 55 sera(positive 20, negative 25, quality control materials provided by "International Cell Exchange" program of UCLA Tissue Typing Laboratory 10), which had been tested for PRA using 36 wells screening panel, were re-tested using newly produced 72 wells lymphocyte panel. RESULTS: The results of the 25 negative sera were same except one serum, which might be due to non-specific reaction. The %PRA values of the 20 positive sera using 36 wells screening panel were distributed into 1-10%(n=4), 10-50%(n=9), 50-80%(n=5), and 80-100%(n=2). Using lymphocyte panel of 72 wells, %PRA values of 20 positive sera showed no difference(p=0.61) from that of 36 wells and we could not identify the specificity of HLA antibodies for the 10 sera, which previously had not been identified with 36 wells screening panel. But we additionally or newly identified the specificity of HLA antibodies in 4 positive sera and 2 quality control materials. CONCLUSION: Identification of HLA antibodies was not much improved using a PRA test with 72 lymphocyte panel and therefore 36 lymphocyte panel is considered to be enough to screen the HLA antibodies. However the increase of the size of lymphocyte panel is expected to resolve the difficulty, caused by linkage disequilibrium, for the identification of HLA antibody specificity.
Antibodies ; Antibody Specificity* ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; Leukocytes ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Lymphocytes* ; Mass Screening ; Organ Transplantation ; Quality Control ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Transplants

OBJECTIVE: The cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions are critical to the embryogenesis, morphogenesis, maintenance of tissue integrity, and function of cells. This interactions are mediated by membrane glycoproteins called adhesion molecules. fil-integrins are heteredimeric transmembrane glycoproteins which play critical roles in the ability of cells to elaborate and maintain extracellular matrix. ICAM-1 is a sialylated glycoprotein and mediates various cell-cell interactions in immunity and inflammation. Articular cartilage consists of chondrocytes embedded in an extensive extracellular matirx. In normal tissue, the chondrocytes actively effect the stable equili-brium between the synthesis and degradation of matrix components, so that a constant concentration of these components is maintained. In osteoarthritis, the stable equilibrium is disrupted and the rate of loss of proteoglycan exceeds the rate of depositon of newly synthesized moleclues. This equilibrium is influenced by cytok{nes and growth factors such as IL-1, TNF-alpha, IGF-1 and TGF-beta. Integrins and their ligands may mediate some of the interactions of chondrocytes and cellular matrix, and the cytokines and local growth factors may affect the expression of integrins on chondrocytes. ICAM-1 may mediate interactions with other cells in osteoarthritic joint, and also may be modulated by cytokines and growth factors. The effect of IL-1, TNF-alpha, IGF-1 and TGF-beta in the expression of fil-integrin(CD29) and ICAM-l(CD54) on chondrocytes was investigated. METHODS: Cultured chondrocytes(3rd passages) from 2 osteoarthritc patient were used. Cells were incubated for 24hours with and without IL-lfi 25U/ml, IL-l 50U/ml, TNF-alpha lng/ml, TNF-alpha 10ng/ml, IFN-gamma 100U/ml, IGF-1 10ng/ml, IGF-1 50ng/ml, IGF-1 100ng/ml, TGF-beta 10ng/ml, and TGF-beta 30ng/ml. Chondrocytes were stained with monoclonal antibodies against beta1-integrin(CD29) and ICAM-1 (CD54), and positve cells were counted under the light microscpe. RESULTS: 1) Cultured chondrocytes readily expressed fi1-integrin(82. 9%). 2) filintegrin was down-regulated by IL-1beta(75.4%), TNF-alpha(61.2%), and TGF-beta (77.0%), and was slightly up-regulated by IFN-gamma(85.0%) and IGF-1 (88.9%). 3) ICAM-1 was presented in only 18.0% of cells. 4) Expression of ICAM-1 was readily up-regulated by IL-1beta(84.0%) and TNF-alpha(80.3%), and mildly up-regulated by IFN-gamma(33.0%), IGF-1 (35.0%), and TGF-beta(29.3%). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of fil-integrin and ICAM-1 on chondrocytes and the modulation of their expression by cytokines and local growth factors suggest that they have important roles in the interaction of chondrocytes with cartilage matrix and with other cells of osteoarthritic joints. Their roles should be elucidated by further researches.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Cartilage ; Cartilage, Articular ; Chondrocytes* ; Cytokines* ; Embryonic Development ; Extracellular Matrix ; Female ; Glycoproteins ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Integrins ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1* ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins* ; Interleukin-1 ; Joints ; Ligands ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Morphogenesis ; Osteoarthritis ; Pregnancy ; Proteoglycans ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

No abstract available.
Arthritis* ; Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy*

Homeostasis of multicellular organism is controlled by proliferation and differentiation of cells as well as by cell death. The defects in programmed cell death contribute to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematous. RA is considered to be a proliferating disorder of synovial tissue which is accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration and bone erosion. The aim of the study was to find whether potent inducers of apoptosis could be induced apoptosis in RA synovial cells. We examined the effects of drugs, such as dexamethasone, methotrexate, hydrogen peroxide, and ceramide on induction of apoptosis in cultured RA synovial cells. Used drugs did not induced apoptosis in RA synovial cells. Finally Fas antigen-mediated apoptosis of RA synovial cells was investigated by the addition of anti-Fas antibody. To examine the ICE (interleukin-1p-convertase; caspase-1) expression in synovial cells, RT-PCR of caspase-1 gene was performed. In synovial cells of RA, Fas induces that caspase-1 activation cause apoptosis.
Apoptosis* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Cell Death ; Dexamethasone ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Ice ; Methotrexate

Typhlitis is one of the most ominous complications in immunocompromised patients. Neutropenic enterocolitis or typhlitis is a clinical syndrome characterized by fever, diarrhea and abdominal pain that occurs in neutropenic patients. It has been reported as a complication of childhood leukemia, but is now known to occur in adults with solid malignancies, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The association of typhlitis and propylthiouracil has not been previously reported. We report a case of a 42-year-old female patient with typhlitis due to propylthiouracil patient with hyperthyroidism.
Abdominal Pain ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Adult ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Diarrhea ; Enterocolitis, Neutropenic ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism* ; Immunocompromised Host ; Leukemia ; Propylthiouracil* ; Typhlitis*