No abstract available.
Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous*

Traumatic intracranial lesion has been one of the most frequent and serous problem in neurosurgical pathology. CT made it possible to get prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention of intracranial lesions by its safety, fastiness and accuracy. Computed tomographic scan was carried out on 1309 cases at Soonchunhyang Chunan Hospitalfor 15 months from Oct. 1983 to Dec. 1984. We have reviewed the computed tomographic scans of 264 patients whichshowed traumatic intracranial lesion. The results were as follows: 1. Head trauma was the most frequentlydiagnosed disase using computed tomographic scans(57.8%), and among 264 cases the most frequent mode of injury wastraffic accident (73.9%). 2. Skull fracture was accompained in frequency of 69.7% and it was detected in CT in38.6%: depression fractue was more easily detected in 81%. 3. Countercoup lesion(9.5%) was usually accompained with temporal and occipital fracture, and it appeared in lower incidence among pediatric group. 4. Intracranial lesions of all 264 cases were generalized cerebral swelling(24.6%), subdural hematoma(22.3%), epiduralhematoma(20.8%), intracerebral hematoma(6.1%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage(3.0%). 5. The shape of hematoma wasusually biconvex(92.7%) in acute epidural hematoma and cresentic(100%) in acute subdural hematoma, but the morechronic the cases became, they showed planoconvex and biconvex shapes. 6. Extra-axial hematoma was getting decreased in density as time gone by. 7. Hematoma density was not in direct proportion to serum hemoglobin levelas single factor.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural, Acute ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pathology ; Skull Fractures

Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary contraction of muscles resulting in repetitive or twisting movements. Dystonia is generally caused by basal ganglia dysfunction.Recent studies have reported an association between dystonia and brainstem disorders. However, the pathological mechanism is uncertain, and detailed management strategies are limited. Here, we report a case of hemidystonia with abnormal posture and impaired proprioception after pontine hemorrhage that was effectively treated with pharmacotherapy combined with early intensive comprehensive rehabilitation. A 45-year-old man presented with abnormal posture and dystonic movement in the right hand and foot after a pontine hemorrhagic stroke. Pharmacotherapy with clonazepam and benztropine was administered, and comprehensive rehabilitation programs were implemented intensively from the early stages of symptom onset. After 3 months, the patient was able to walk independently, go up and down a few stairs without the use of a handrail, and was able to perform activities of daily living with minimal assistance.

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Rheumatic Diseases*

BACKGROUND: To detect anti-human leukocyte antigen(HLA) class I alloantibodies in patients awaiting solid organ transplantation, panel reactive antibody(PRA) test using complement-dependent lymphocytotoxicity(CDC) has been used. The enough size of lymphocyte panel in PRA test enables the identification of HLA antibody specificities. So we made lymphocyte panel of 72 wells to evaluate the usefulness comparing with 36 wells screening panel. METHODS: A total of 55 sera(positive 20, negative 25, quality control materials provided by "International Cell Exchange" program of UCLA Tissue Typing Laboratory 10), which had been tested for PRA using 36 wells screening panel, were re-tested using newly produced 72 wells lymphocyte panel. RESULTS: The results of the 25 negative sera were same except one serum, which might be due to non-specific reaction. The %PRA values of the 20 positive sera using 36 wells screening panel were distributed into 1-10%(n=4), 10-50%(n=9), 50-80%(n=5), and 80-100%(n=2). Using lymphocyte panel of 72 wells, %PRA values of 20 positive sera showed no difference(p=0.61) from that of 36 wells and we could not identify the specificity of HLA antibodies for the 10 sera, which previously had not been identified with 36 wells screening panel. But we additionally or newly identified the specificity of HLA antibodies in 4 positive sera and 2 quality control materials. CONCLUSION: Identification of HLA antibodies was not much improved using a PRA test with 72 lymphocyte panel and therefore 36 lymphocyte panel is considered to be enough to screen the HLA antibodies. However the increase of the size of lymphocyte panel is expected to resolve the difficulty, caused by linkage disequilibrium, for the identification of HLA antibody specificity.
Antibodies ; Antibody Specificity* ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; Leukocytes ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Lymphocytes* ; Mass Screening ; Organ Transplantation ; Quality Control ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Transplants

PURPOSE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of the combined treatment of excision of the papillae and a supratarsal injection of triamcinolone on refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). METHODS: Twenty-three eyes of 14 patients with refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis were included. Patients were treated with the combined excision of papillae and supratarsal injection of triamcinolone. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, symptoms of itching, tearing, discomfort, secretion and epiphora, and signs including limbal hypertrophy, hyperemia, papilla size, keratitis, corneal neovascularization and blepharitis were evaluated before and two weeks, four weeks, and eight weeks after treatment. The CCL11 level in the tears of each eye were analyzed before and two weeks after treatment. RESULTS: The mean scores of subjective symptoms and objective signs as well as BCVA were significantly improved two weeks after treatment. CCL11 levels in the tears were 389.5+/-474.9 pg/ml before treatment and were undetectable two weeks after treatment. Improvement of symptom and sign parameters was maintained up to eight weeks after treatment. However, seven eyes (30.4%) recurred within two weeks after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Combined excision of the papillae and a supratarsal injection of triamcinolone may be effective in the treatment of refractory VKC.
Blepharitis ; Conjunctivitis, Allergic ; Corneal Neovascularization ; Eye ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Hypertrophy ; Intraocular Pressure ; Keratitis ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Pruritus ; Tears ; Triamcinolone ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND: Many difficulties exist in establishing a treatment plan for slow-flow vascular malformation (SFVM). In particular, little research has been conducted on the surgical treatment of SFVMs. Thus, we investigated what proportion of SFVM patients were candidates for surgical treatment in clinical practice and how useful surgical treatment was in those patients. METHODS: This study included 109 SFVM patients who received care at the authors' clinic from 2007 to 2015. We classified the patients as operable or non-operable, and analyzed whether the operability and the extent of the excision varied according to the subtype and location of the SFVM. Additionally, we investigated complications and self-assessed satisfaction scores. RESULTS: Of the 109 SFVM patients, 59 (54%) were operable, while 50 (46%) were non-operable. Total excision could be performed in 44% of the operable SFVM patients. Lymphatic malformations were frequently non-operable, while capillary malformations were relatively operable (P=0.042). Total excision of venous malformations could generally be performed, while lymphatic malformations and combined vascular malformations generally could only undergo partial excision (P=0.048). Complications occurred in 11% of the SFVM patients who underwent surgery; these were minor complications, except for 1 case. The average overall satisfaction score was 4.19 out of 5. CONCLUSIONS: Based on many years of experience, we found that approximately half (54%) of SFVM patients were able to undergo surgery, and around half (44%) of those patients were able to fully recover after a total excision. Among the patients who underwent surgical treatment, high satisfaction was found overall and relatively few complications were reported.
Capillaries ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Malformations*

No abstract available.
Antibodies, Antiphospholipid* ; Rheumatic Diseases*

Sweet's syndrome was originally described as an "acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis". Sweet's syndrome presents in three clinically settings: (1) classical or idiopathic Sweet's syndrome, (2) malignancyassociated or paraneoplastic Sweet's syndrome, (3) drug-induced Sweet's syndrome. Sweet's syndrome is known to respond well to systemic corticosteroids, and mortal case associated without any other predisposing factors is hardly found. Twenty-nine year old male was transferred from local clinic with the chief complaint of recurrent thrombophlebitis which occurred 10 days ago after IV treatment of antibiotics for burn. The symptom did not get well with conventional treatment for the thrombophlebitis such as antibiotics or drainage. After several days of pyrexia, the patient died suddenly. Grossly abnormal findings including pulmonary thrombus which could explain sudden death were not found. Disseminated intravascular microthrombi was the most peculiar finding. It was prominent in small sized vein, and lung was the most severely affected. Heart and liver were also involved. Large thrombi within deep vein of the legs were also noted. Minor collections of inflammatory cells, even apart from the main lesion, were noted in skin adnexa or small vessles within aorta wall. No tumorous area was found. The disseminated intravascular coagulation, which was associated with vasculitis was thought to be the direct cause of death. Several points about the Sweet's syndrome including the unusualness of this case were discussed.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Aorta ; Burns ; Causality ; Cause of Death ; Death, Sudden ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Drainage ; Fever ; Heart ; Humans ; Leg ; Liver ; Lung ; Male ; Neutrophils ; Skin ; Sweet Syndrome* ; Thrombophlebitis ; Thrombosis ; Vasculitis ; Veins

OBJECTIVE: Mixed connective tissue disease(MCTD) was first described by Sharp and coworkers in 1972 as distinct rheumatic diseases characterized by the overlapping features of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclcrosis (SSc) and dermatomyositis/polymyositis and associated with the serologic marker anti-nRNP antibody at high titer. METHODS: We reviewed 18 cases(all females) of MCTD who were admitted or visited to rheumatism center of Hanyang University Hopital, from October 1989 to September 1992. RESULTS: 1) The average age at onset of MCTD was 38.6 years. The average duration of the disease was 5.3 years. 2) Raynaud's phenomenon was found in 100%. Arthritis was found in 13 cases but rheumatoid factor was found in 15 cases. 3) Hand swelling was found in 15 cases and myositis was found in 56% (10 cases). 4) All patients with MCTD have anti-nRNP antibodies by high titer. In general, the titer does not correlate with disease activity. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggested that the clinical features of MCTD in Korean patients revealed similar to those of previous reports regarding foreign ethnic groups.
Antibodies ; Arthritis ; Connective Tissue ; Ethnic Groups ; Hand ; Humans ; Korea* ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Mixed Connective Tissue Disease* ; Myositis ; Rheumatic Diseases ; Rheumatoid Factor