PURPOSE: To evaluate the change of corneal endothelial cell following acute angle closure glaucoma attack, the central endothelial cell between the affected and the fellow eye was compared. METHODS: Twelve patients with uniocular acute angle closure glaucoma were enrolled. After acute attacks were resolved with medical treatment, 12 affected and 12 fellow eyes received laser peripheral iridotomy. The central endothelial cell counts of the affected and the fellow eyes were measured with specular microscope. RESULTS: While the mean central endothelial cell count of the affected eye was 1758.67+/-794.33 cells/mm2, that of the fellow eye was 2727.17+/-355.20 cells/mm2. The average difference of endothelial cell count between the affected and the fellow eye was 968.5 cells/mm2. It showed a mean decrease in cell density of 35.51% (p=0.000). There was a clear correlation between the duration of elevated pressure and the number of central corneal endothelial cells lost (p=0.014). CONCLUSIONS: Even if the intraocular pressure was well controlled after acute angle closure glaucoma attack, the endothelial cell count of cornea can be decreased. Therefore, if acute angle closure glaucoma attack occurs, intraocular pressure should be reduced immediately. If the eye attacked by acute angle closure glaucoma is to have intraocular surgery, there clearly needs to be care not to injure the endothelium and measure the endothelial cell count preoperatively.
Cell Count ; Cornea ; Endothelial Cells* ; Endothelium ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure* ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure

Chondrosarocoma is a malignant, relatively slow-growing cartilaginous tumor that generally has a long natural history. From Feb. 1986 to Jan. 1993, 29 cases of chondrosarcoma were registered in the Department of Orthopedic Suergery of Korea Cancer Center Hospital. We reviewed 23 cases of chondrosarcoma which were treated surgically, aimed at curative procedure. Fourteen patients were male and 9 female. The average age at the time of diagnosis was 31.9(17-59) years. The pelvis was the most frequent site(7 patients) followed by femur(6), scapula(4), tibia(2), and each one case of spine, rib, humerus, and finger. The Enneking s surgical stage was II B (18 cases), II A (1), I B (3) or I A (1). The histological grades were as follows : 4 cases of grade 1; 3 grade 2 and 16 grade 3. Local resection with or without reconstruction were done for 20 cases and amputation or disarticulation 3. Chemotherapy was done in four cases and was not effective. The average follow-up period was 34.2(9-81) months. As complications, local recurrence occurred in 4(17.3%) cases, infection 2(8.7%), fracture 1(4.3%), lymphedema 1 and rediation necrosis of soft tissue 1, Distant metastasis occurred in 7(30.0%) cases: 6 cases to lung and 1 to brain. At final follow up 15 cases were continuous disease free, 3 alive with disease, 4 died of disease and 1 no evidence of disease. The Kaplan-Meier's estimated 5-year actuarial survival rate of total 23 cases was 66. 9%. Seven cases with histopathologic grade less than 2 showed 100% of 5 year actuarial survival rate, even one case is alive with disease at final follow up of 62 months. Fifteen cases of surgical stage II B with histopathologic grade 3 had 55.4% of 5 year actuarial survival rate: ten cases with wide surgical margin 87.5%o five cases with intralesional or marginal surgical margin 25%. Early surgical excision of chondrosarcoma with enough wide surgical margin can prevent local recurrence and metastasis.
Amputation ; Brain ; Chondrosarcoma ; Diagnosis ; Disarticulation ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Fingers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humerus ; Korea ; Lung ; Lymphedema ; Male ; Natural History ; Necrosis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Orthopedics ; Pelvis ; Recurrence ; Ribs ; Spine ; Survival Rate

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the profiles and mechanisms of injuries using online injury surveillance system (OISS) with match video files at 2017 World Taekowndo Championship (WTC) athletes. Methods: This study design was a prospective epidemiological study with video analysis. All injuries were recorded during the 2017 WTC using the OISS developed by the International Olympic Committee. A total of 971 athletes who participated in the 2017 WTC were enrolled. Each injury was recorded retrospectively by three cameras surrounding each court. Injury profiles and mechanisms were calculated as; percent injury rate, injury rate/100 athlete-exposures, injury location, type, and mechanism via the injury surveillance system and video analysis form. Results: There were 74 injuries, which corresponded to an overall incidence of 13.5 injuries (95% confidence interval, 11.2–15.8) per 100 athletes. The face (27.0%), hand/finger (23.0%), knee (14.9%), and ankle (10.8%) were most frequently injured parts. Contusions (37.8%), fracture and ligament sprains (20.3%) were the most frequently injury types. The main mechanism for contact injury is while attacking with the roundhouse kick (66.2%), or not used block (81.1%). There were also noncontact injuries (24.3%). Conclusion The incidence of injuries to the face, hand/fingers, knee, and ankle was relatively high. To prevent contact injuries, protective headgear and better shin guards and hand protectors need to be developed. As for the noncontact injuries, we recommend hamstring strengthening exercises, and neuromuscular training to strengthen the tendons and ligaments protecting the ankle and knee joints.

Foreign bodies in the paranasal sinuses are rare, but they may become more common with an increasing number of road traffic accidents. Foreign bodies in the paranasal sinuses cause vague symptoms. They are occasionally encountered either after occurrence of complications or after radiological workup for some other reasons. They may be missed if their presence is not suspected initially. Therefore, the presence of foreign bodies should be suspected even in seemingly trivial lacerations over the paranasal sinuses in cases of maxillofacial trauma. The suspicion of foreign bodies may prevent the development of intracranial and intrasinus complications. Although a wide variety of foreign bodies have been reported in the paranasal sinuses, glass were rare in the frontal sinus. We present a case of frontal mucocele with glass in the frontal sinus which occurred as a result of road traffic accident with a brief review of the literature.
Accidents, Traffic ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Foreign Bodies* ; Frontal Sinus ; Glass* ; Head* ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Mucocele* ; Paranasal Sinuses

Takayasu's arteritis is generally recognized as a chronic, idiopathic, inflammatory disease, which affects the aorta and the proximal portions of its major branches. We experienced a patient with Takayasu's arteritis who was presented with main pulmonary artery stenosis and right coronary ostial occlusion without involvement of aorta nor its major branches. She was managed with pulmonary arterioplasty and coronary artery bypass graft. This case emphasize that the disease cannot affect the aorta.
Aorta ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Vessels* ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Takayasu Arteritis* ; Transplants

Asthma is a chronic obstructive airway disease that involves inflammation of the respiratory tract. Biological contaminants in indoor air can induce innate and adaptive immune responses and inflammation, resulting in asthma pathology. Epidemiologic surveys indicate that the prevalence of asthma is higher in developed countries than in developing countries. The prevalence of asthma in Korea has increased during the last several decades. This increase may be related to changes in housing styles, which result in increased levels of indoor biological contaminants, such as house dust mite-derived allergens and bacterial products such as endotoxin. Different types of inflammation are observed in those suffering from mild-to-moderate asthma compared to those experiencing severe asthma, involving markedly different patterns of inflammatory cells and mediators. As described in this review, these inflammatory profiles are largely determined by the involvement of different T helper cell subsets, which orchestrate the recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells. It is becoming clear that T helper cells other than Th2 cells are involved in the pathogenesis of asthma; specifically, both Th1 and Th17 cells are crucial for the development of neutrophilic inflammation in the airways, which is related to corticosteroid resistance. Development of therapeutics that suppress these immune and inflammatory cells may provide useful asthma treatments in the future.
Allergens ; Asthma ; Developed Countries ; Developing Countries ; Dust ; Housing ; Inflammation ; Korea ; Neutrophils ; Prevalence ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Respiratory System ; Stress, Psychological ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer ; Th17 Cells ; Th2 Cells

No abstract available.
Diagnosis*

Hemangiopericytoma of the pancreas has rarely been described, and its radiological findings have never been described in the radiological literature. We report a case of a metastatic hemangiopericytoma involving the pancreas in a 48-year-old woman. CT, MR, and angiography showed three, well-demarcated, heterogeneously enhancing masses with necrosis and hemorrhage in the pancreas.
Angiography ; Female ; Hemangiopericytoma* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Leg* ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Orbital complications of sinusitis are uncommon but can result in significant morbidity if not appropriately managed. We have experienced 8 cases of orbital subperiosteal absces- ses (SPA) as a complication of acute sinusitis. The purposes of our study are to assess the clinical features, diagnosis, isolated bacteria, and therapeutic results. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Eight patients with acute rhinosinusitis and orbital SPA who had been treated between April 1989 and September 2002 were retrospectively studied with medical records and CT. RESULTS: The most common symptoms and signs were proptosis and opthalmoplegia, and five patients (62%) complained of ocular pain or periorbital erythema. Seven patients (87%) complained of diplopia. We carried out medical treatment in 4 cases and surgical intervention in 4 cases. All patients were cured without complications. Streptococcus intermedius was isolated from 1 case and peptostreptococcus species from another but there was no growth of bacteria in 2 cases. CONCLUSION: Conservative treatment with intravenous antibiotics, topical nasal decongestants are the appropriate initial management in orbital SPA. In cases of medially located SPA of orbit, we recommend endoscopic surgical drainage because it does not require an external incision and has less postoperative edema.
Abscess* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Diagnosis ; Diplopia ; Drainage ; Edema ; Erythema ; Exophthalmos ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Nasal Decongestants ; Orbit* ; Peptostreptococcus ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis* ; Streptococcus intermedius

Aspergillosis is the most common fungal infection of the paranasal sinuses and usually appears as a chronic disease in an otherwise healthy person. The number of reported cases of aspergillosis in the nose and paranasal sinuses has increased: while previously reported cases have involved the maxillary sinus alone in the majority of cases, reports of the isolated frontal sinus aspergillosis is rare. We present a case of frontal sinus aspergillosis which was successfully treated by endoscopic sinus surgery with a review of literature.
Aspergillosis* ; Chronic Disease ; Frontal Sinus* ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Nose ; Paranasal Sinuses