No abstract available.
Neurofibroma* ; Scalp*

PURPOSE: To report a case of cyclic esotropia after psychological trauma that resolved spontaneously without any surgical treatment. METHODS: An 8-year-old boy developed blepharoptosis, limitation of abduction, and esotropia with headache and vomiting after psychological trauma. Brain MRI, cerebrospinal fluid examination, and EEG (electroencephalogram) showed no significant abnormalities. The ptosis and limitation of abduction were resolved gradually, but esotropia persisted in a cyclic pattern. RESULTS: During follow-up, the 96-hour cycle of esotropia was gradually shortened to a 48-hour and then to 24-hour cycle. At final follow-up, the cyclic esotropia had disappeared completely and the patient has been orthotroric for more than 4 years. CONCLUSIONS: Cyclic esotropia may occur after psychological trauma and may resolved spontaneously without any surgical treatment.
Blepharoptosis ; Brain ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Child ; Electroencephalography ; Esotropia* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Headache ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Vomiting

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to compare between hallucination group and delusion group in patient with schizophrenia, using Brain (99m)Tc-ECD SPECT. METHODS: Among 16 patients with less than 3 schizophrenic episodes, 8 patients whose initial symptom was hallucination were assigned to the hallucination group, and other 8 patients with initial sumptom of delusion were assinged to the hallucination group. All of the patients clinically evaluated using the PANSS and BPRS. Both groups of patients and 8 healthy subjects underwent (99m)Tc-ECD SPECT. RESULTS: Score of thinking disturbance subscale of BPRS were significantly lower in the hallucination group than the delusion group. In SPECT analysis, the hallucination group showed significantly increased perfusion in some areas of the right temporal lobe, bilateral limbic lobes and left parietal lobe compared to delusion group. Both group had a reduced rCBF in some areas of the frontal lobe. CONCLUSION: The hallucniation group, compared with the delusion group, showed significantly increased regional cerebral blood flow in some regions. Therefore, this data suggests that different neural substrates may affect the process of auditory hallucination and delusion.
Brain ; Delusions ; Frontal Lobe ; Hallucinations ; Humans ; Parietal Lobe ; Perfusion ; Schizophrenia ; Temporal Lobe ; Thinking ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of chain installation condition on stress distribution that could eventually cause disastrous failure from sudden deformation and geometric rupture. METHODS: Fractographic method used for the failed chain indicates that over-stress was considered as the root cause of failure. 3D modeling and finite element analysis for the chain, used in a crane hook, were performed with a three-dimensional interactive application program, CATIA, commercial finite element analysis and computational fluid dynamic software, ANSYS. RESULTS: The results showed that the state of stress was changed depending on the initial position of the chain that was installed in the hook. Especially, the magnitude of the stress was strongly affected by the bending forces, which are 2.5 times greater (under the simulation condition currently investigated) than that from the plain tensile load. Also, it was noted that the change of load state is strongly related to the failure of parts. The chain can hold an ultimate load of about 8 tons with only the tensile load acting on it. CONCLUSION: The conclusions of this research clearly showed that a reduction of the loss from similar incidents can be achieved when an operator properly handles the installation of the chain.
Accidents, Occupational ; Aluminum Hydroxide ; Carbonates ; Finite Element Analysis ; Hydrodynamics

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of chain installation condition on stress distribution that could eventually cause disastrous failure from sudden deformation and geometric rupture. METHODS: Fractographic method used for the failed chain indicates that over-stress was considered as the root cause of failure. 3D modeling and finite element analysis for the chain, used in a crane hook, were performed with a three-dimensional interactive application program, CATIA, commercial finite element analysis and computational fluid dynamic software, ANSYS. RESULTS: The results showed that the state of stress was changed depending on the initial position of the chain that was installed in the hook. Especially, the magnitude of the stress was strongly affected by the bending forces, which are 2.5 times greater (under the simulation condition currently investigated) than that from the plain tensile load. Also, it was noted that the change of load state is strongly related to the failure of parts. The chain can hold an ultimate load of about 8 tons with only the tensile load acting on it. CONCLUSION: The conclusions of this research clearly showed that a reduction of the loss from similar incidents can be achieved when an operator properly handles the installation of the chain.
Accidents, Occupational ; Aluminum Hydroxide ; Carbonates ; Finite Element Analysis ; Hydrodynamics

Leiomyomas of the appendix are rare and most are encountered incidentally during exploration of the abdomen for some other disease, during postmortem examination, or in the course of routine pathologic examinations of surgical specimens. We report here the findings of ultrasonography, CT and surgery of a case of leiomyoma that arose from the appendix; this lesion was pathologically confirmed.
Abdomen ; Appendix* ; Autopsy ; Leiomyoma* ; Ultrasonography

Secondary involvement of the eye and orbit occurs in about two to four percent of the patients with generalized lymphomatosis and/or other forms of lymphomatous tumors. Of the extranodal primary lesions which are more rare manifestation of the malignant lymphoma, only one percent occur in the eye and orbit. The malignant lymphoma of the orbit is consequently a relatively uncommon condition. The authors experienced a case of the malignantly mphoma of the orbital margin and treated by local radiation therapy with Co60, and the lesions regressed rapidly and completely disappeared. There has been no sign of recurrence at the orbital region, but we found that the malignant lymphomatous lesions involved in the pancreas and omentum by the surgical laparotomy. The patient died of poor course of the disease about 20 days after discharge.
Humans ; Laparotomy ; Lymphoma* ; Omentum ; Orbit* ; Pancreas ; Recurrence

The threat of pandemic influenza has focused attention and resources on virus surveillance, prevention, and containment. The World Health Organization has strongly recommended the use of the antiviral drug, Oseltamivir (Tamiflu(R)), to treat and prevent pandemic influenza infection. In recent years, there have been case reports of vestibulocochlear events during or after oseltamivir treatment, other countries. Oseltamivir is generally well-tolerated and its most frequent adverse effects include nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Up to now, bilateral vestibular hypofunction after oseltamivir medication has not been reported. Herein, we report a very rare case of a 36-year-old female with bilateral vestibular hypofunction following oseltamivir medication.
Abdominal Pain ; Containment of Biohazards ; Diarrhea ; Drug Toxicity ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Nausea ; Oseltamivir ; Pandemics ; Vestibular Function Tests ; Viruses ; Vomiting ; World Health Organization

Purpose: This study evaluated changes in growth and nutritional status using the first basic and the second repeated surveys on children from North Korean refugee families who settled in South Korea. Methods: A total of 337 children were included in the survey. Using a structured questionnaire, the data collected included sex, date of birth, country of birth, date of entry to South Korea, and birth parents’nationality. The prevalence of stunting, underweight, wasting, and obesity were evaluated using the 2017 Korean National Growth Chart for Children and Adolescents. Results: The prevalence of stunting decreased from 7.9% in the first survey to 6.9% in the second survey; that of underweight decreased from 6.0% to 4.7%; and that of wasting decreased from 6.3% to 3.5%; however, these changes were not statistically significant. The prevalence of obesity significantly increased from 8.0% to 13.2% in the first and second surveys, respectively (p=0.037). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of malnutrition according to the length of stay in South Korea or the children’s country of birth. However, the prevalence of obesity was significantly higher in children with longer lengths of stay and in those born in South Korea. Conclusion Although children from North Korean refugee families have settled in South Korea for a long time, the rate of malnutrition is still high, and the prevalence of obesity continuously increases.