The purpose of this study was to evaluate the position of tongue and hyoid bone in relation to vertical facial patterns in the adult and child. Lateral cephalograms taken in adults(63 cases, 11.7 years in average age) and children(69 cases, 22.6 years in average age) were traced and measured about position and posture of tongue and hyoid bone using the horizontal and vertical reference lines. The angle of mandibular plane to SN plane was employed to classify the samples into groups of hypodivergent and hyperdivergent. The comparison of the tongue/hyoid bone measurements between hypodivergent group and hyperdivergent group in the adult and child were statistically executed with Student's t-test. The results were as follows; 1. The tongue height was lower in the hyperdivergent group than in hypodivergent group, and higher in children than in adults. 2. The vertical height of hyoid bone was higher in hypodivergent group than in hyperdivergent group and also higher in children than in adults. 3. The anteroposterior position was of no significant difference in relation to age or vertical facial pattern. 4. The inclination of hyoid bone in relation to cranial base was steeper in children than in adults.
Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone* ; Malocclusion* ; Posture ; Skull Base ; Tongue*

PURPOSE: With the process of neoangiogenesis being linked to the growth and metastasis of various tumors, anticancer therapeutics with a basis in the suppression of neoangiogenesis has recently been receiving attention. In this study, we tried to clarify the immunoreactivities of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), major angiogenic inducer and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), major angiogenic inhibitor in human Wilms' tumor and its clinicopathological significance. MATERAILS AND METHODS: Utilizing immunohistochemical staining, we assessed the immunoreactivities of VEGF and TSP-1 in archival tissues of 29 Wilms' tumors and 25 normal kidneys. Also, we assessed the relationship between expression of each factor and clinicopathological parameters in 29 cases of Wilms' tumors. RESULTS: Immunoreactivities of VEGF and TSP-1 were detected mainly in the cytoplasm of the tubular cells in normal kidneys. In Wilms' tumors, whereas VEGF was detected in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells and peritumoral stromal tissues, but TSP-1 only in the peritumoral stromal tissues. Immunohistochemical expression patterns of each factor were divided into two groups according to the area of immunoreactivity (negative:<10%, positive: > OR =10%). VEGF immunoreactivity was detected in 25 (100%) normal kidneys and in 20 (69%) Wilms' tumors. However, TSP-1 immunoreactivity was detected in 24 (97%) normal kidneys and in 3 (10%) Wilms' tumors. Therefore, although no significant difference was observed between the expressions of VEGF and TSP-1 in normal kidney, the TSP-1 immunoreactivity was significantly lower than VEGF immunoreactivity in Wilms' tumors. A relatively higher rate of positive expression of TSP-1 was observed in the patients with no demonstrable lymph node metastasis. Also, as for the VEGF, maximal diameter of the tumor was larger in the positive expression group. However, it proved otherwise for TSP-1 as the negative expression group demonstrated tumors with larger maximal diameters. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that the TSP-1 immunoreactivity was significantly lower than VEGF immunoreactivity in Wilms' tumors, and disease progression has a tendency to be found in the VEGF-positive cases and TSP-1 negative cases. We suggest that the growth and metastasis of Wilms' tumor may be influenced mainly by TSP-1 decrease rather than VEGF increase.
Cytoplasm ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Thrombospondin 1 ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A* ; Wilms Tumor*

PURPOSE: This study was done to determine how a hospital life guidance movie enhanced the understanding of hospital life by elderly in-patients. METHOD: A non-equivalent control group post-test design was used for the study. The experimental group watched a movie on guidance for hospital life while an in-patient control group read corresponding guidance booklets. The understanding and satisfaction from the respective programs for the two groups were surveyed with a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS: The group which watched the movie had a better understanding of hospital life than the group which read the booklets. The patients who watched the movie also expressed more satisfaction with their guide program than the patients who only read the booklets. Understanding of hospital life had relevance to satisfaction with the given program. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggests that a movie on hospital life provides better guidance which helps the prospective patients understand and adapt better to their hospital life. Therefore, this type of movie is considered to be an effective medium to provide guidance to elderly in-patients.
Aged ; Humans ; Pamphlets ; Patient Admission ; Patient Education as Topic ; Questionnaires

No Abstract Available.
Adipose Tissue* ; Glomus Tumor*

Ulnar-sided wrist pain is common in sports medicine and orthopedics, typically diagnosed as a triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injury. We present a case study involving a 22-year-old male who has been experiencing chronic left wrist pain for the past 9 months. He was diagnosed with a TFCC injury and received conservative treatment. Surgery was recommended if the pain persisted after 9 months. He exhibited tenderness in the dorsal radioulnar joint region and the proximal one-third portion of the extensor digiti minimi (EDM) muscle. At a tendon traction point (TTP) over the EDM muscle, 4 mL of isotonic saline was injected at presentation, 1 and 3 weeks later. The pain significantly improved, and he did not experience any adverse effects or worsening of his symptoms during the 13-month follow-up. The injection therapy at the TTP of the EDM can be considered in chronic unhealed ulnar-sided wrist pain, including TFCC injury, to release the tightly contracted EDM muscle.

p53 is a tumor suppressor gene product identified in a wide range of tumor including colorectal carcinoma. Genetic alterations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene are common in human colorectal carcinoma. bcl-2 is a protooncogene that inhibits apoptosis. The products of mutant p53 gene and bcl-2 have been associated with prognosis in several malignancies including colorectal carcinomas. This study was undertaken to evaluate values of p53 and bcl-2 oncoproteins as prognostic factors relative to clinicopathological factors and correlation of their expression. Analyses were made on achieval pathologic tissues of 80 patients with colorectal carcinomas including 34 patients able to follow-up over 5 years. The oncoproteins were localized using commercially available monoclonal antibodies:DO-7 for p53, clone124 for bcl-2. Expression of bcl-2 was cytoplasmic, whereas nuclear p53 expression was localized in carcinoma cells. The patients were 17 to 83 years of age. The expression of p53 and bcl-2 was determined respectively in 30 (37.5%) and 21 (26.3%)cases. The expression of p53 nuclear expression was not correlated with tumor location, size, histologic grade, Duke's classification, regional lymph node metastasis and tumor recurrence. The cytoplasmic expression of bcl-2 was not correlated with tumor location, size, histologic grade, Duke's classification, regional lymph node metastasis and recurrence. Univariate analysis showed that patients with p53 nuclear expression were not associated with poorer overall survival than patients with p53 negative, and also showed in patients with bcl-2 expression. The expression of p53 did not affect to that of bcl-2. We concluded that the p53 nuclear and bcl-2 cytoplasmic expression were not independent prognostic factors in colorectal carcinomas. Evidence of reciprocity of bcl-2 and p53 expression was not found.
Apoptosis ; Classification ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Cytoplasm ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genes, p53 ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Oncogene Proteins ; Prognosis ; Recurrence

Hemorrhagic cystitis is potentially life-threatening sequellae of chemotherapy using oxazaphosphorine alkylating agents (cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide). Mesna contains a sulfhydryl group that is believed to bind acrolein within the urinary collecting system and reduce the hemorrhagic cystitis without affecting the chemotherapeutic potential. To date, about thirty cases of hypersensitivity or allergic reactions of the delayed and urticarial type associated with mesna have been reported. We reported two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed facial rash and flushing associated with mesna which imitate malar rash.
Acrolein ; Alkylating Agents ; Cyclophosphamide ; Cystitis ; Drug Therapy ; Exanthema* ; Flushing ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Mesna*

BACKGROUND: Radiofrequency endovenous ablation of incompetent saphenous vein has gaining popularity over the conventional ligation and stripping as a minimally invasive technique. The latest version of radiofrequency endovenous catheter, VNUS(R)Closure fast VNUS medical Technologies, San Jose, CA, adopted a segmental ablation system, instead of continous pullback, is designed to reduce treatment time in comparison with the previous model-VNUS(R)Closure plus VNUS medical Technologies, San Jose, CA. The purpose of this study is to compare the difference between two endovenous radiofrequency ablation systems in terms of treatment efficacy and complication rates. We analyze the initial efficacy and complication rates of VNUS(R)Closure fast with VNUS(R)Closure plus. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Between June 2006 and August 2009, VNUS(R)Closure plus was performed to treat varicose vein on 59 limbs in 41 patients and VNUS(R)Closure fast was performed on 76 limbs in 67 patients. We retrospectively compared in both group with sex, mean treatment time, mean treatment diameter, conjugated treatment, and complications after the procedure. RESULT: All patient were symptomatic and diagnosed as varicose vein and underwent level 2 clinical classification with color duplex scan. The mean treatment time for the great saphenous vein was significantly less with VNUS(R)Closure fast (17.0+/-6.5 min) than VNUS(R)Closure plus (62.7+/-29.8 min). There was no significant difference in 1 yr closure rate between groups (p=0.32). Minor complications such as skin burn, thrombophlebitis, ecchymosis, hematoma, cellulitis, tenderness, and there were not different between the groups. CONCLUSION: Both VNUS(R)Closure fast and VNUS(R)Closure plus are effective methods of endovenous saphenous ablation. VNUS(R)Closure fast is superior to the previous model with less treatment time preserving compatible efficacy and complications. The efficacy of VNUS(R)Closure fast for long term closure rate remains to be established.
Burns ; Catheters ; Cellulitis ; Ecchymosis ; Extremities ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Ligation ; Retrospective Studies ; Saphenous Vein ; Skin ; Thrombophlebitis ; Treatment Outcome ; Varicose Veins

BACKGROUND: The bispectral index (BIS), a parameter derived from the electro-encephalography (EEG), has been shown to correlate with the sedative state of anesthetic agents. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of BIS monitoring on anesthetic use and recovery characteristics in long duration sevoflurane anesthesia. METHODS: Forty adult patients who were scheduled for prolonged anesthesia (above 150 minutes) were randomly assigned to the control group (n = 20) or the BIS group (n = 20). In the control group, the anesthesiologists were blinded to the BIS values, and sevoflurane was administered according to standard clinical practice. In the BIS group, sevoflurane was titrated to maintain the BIS value between 45 60. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), end-tidal sevoflurane, BIS was monitored at intervals of 15 minutes. Time to response (TR), time to extubation (TE), time to reach 10 points of PAR score (TPAR10) and time to the discharge from postanesthetic care unit (TDis) were recorded from withdrawal of sevoflurane for recovery time. RESULTS: ET-Sevoflurane was significantly lower in the BIS group than the control group. BIS and 95% SEF values were higher in the BIS group compared with the control group. All values of recovery time (TR, TE, TPAR10, TDis) were significantly shorter in the BIS group than control group. In MAP and HR, there was no significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: BIS is considered a good index of proper use of sevoflurane. Decrease of total amount of sevoflurane, early emergence and early discharge from PACU are expected, so more safe and economic anesthesia may be possible in clinics.
Adult ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthetics ; Arterial Pressure ; Consciousness Monitors* ; Heart Rate ; Humans

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Prognosis*