This study was carried out to understand the relationship between specific chromosome changes and their phenotypic consequences at the tissue level of human lung cancers. Then paraffin-embedded human lung squamous cell carcinoma samples were investigated for in evidence of genetic alterations, using chromosome 7 and 17-specific repetitive alpha-satellite DNA probes. In situ hybridization procedure with chromosome-specific DNA probes was optimized for use on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lung tissue sections. The chromosome index ranged from 1.10 to 1.88(median, 1.49) for chromosome 7 and 1.20 to 1.98(median, 1.69) for chromosome 17. Normal lymphocytes and stromal cells showed one or two chromosome signals per cell in most cases. All tumors showed three or more chromosome signals per cell with range of 16.0% to 80.6% of cancer cells(median, 50.9%) for chromosome 7 and 32.7% to 84.7%(median, 69.9%) for chromosome 17. The chromosome index did not correlate with the DNA content in most cases. Chromosomes 7 and 17 were either overrepresented or underrepresented when they were compared with corresponding DNA index determined by FCM. An increase in copy number, particularly of chromosome 7 was associated with a less favorable phenotype, including high nuclear grade. In addition, chromosome alterations were differentially expressed in the different areas of the same tissue section, correlating with histologic heterogeneity. These results suggest that chromosome polysomy can be reliably detected in tissue sections using in situ hybridization. There is a strong correlation between genotypic abnormalities and tumor phenotype in human lung cancer. This capability will prove to be an important tool for determining the underlying genetic basis for tumor development, tissue phenotype heterogeneity and progression by allowing genetic determination to be made on paraffin-embedded tissue sections where tumor histologic architecture is preserved.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms

PURPOSE: Pelvic ring fractures amount to 1.5% of all joint fractures. The most frequent causes of pelvic trauma are related to car accidents (50~60%) and car-pedestrian crashes (24~28%). The incidence and severity according to the types of acetabular fractures are not known well. We wanted to evaluate the clinical characteristics of acetabular fractures. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records and radiographic findings of 46 cases of the acetabular fractures in patients who suffered motor vehicle accidents during a 2 year period (from March 2007 to April 2009). RESULTS: The proportion of acetabular fractures was 35.7% of all the pelvic bone fractures due to motor vehicle accidents. The males made up 65.0% of the patients. The mean patient age was 44 year old. The majority of cases were driver-accidents (37.0%). As basis on Tile's grouping, the anterior fracture was the most common type (45.6%). The initial ISS score was higher for anterior fracture than that for the other types of acetabular fractures. Surgical operations were performed for 59.0% of the study patients. When the operative intervention was performed within 3 days, the ICU stay of the patients was much longer. Early surgical intervention could not reduce the development of late complications or improve the overall clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: Acetabular fractures are not a rare type of pelvic bone injury in patients who are injured in motor vehicle accidents. Anterior fracture was the most common type and it showed a poor prognosis. Early surgical intervention cannot reduce the length of the hospital stay of patients with acetabular fractures or the development of late complications.
Acetabulum ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injury Severity Score ; Joints ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Medical Records ; Motor Vehicles ; Pelvic Bones ; Prognosis

No abstract available.
Hand* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule*

BACKGROUND: Recent restriction enclonuclease analysis studies hsve revealed that MCV DNA can be classified into two major types, designated MCV-1 and MCV-2, by th:ir restriction enzyme cleavsge patterns. In earlier reports of MCV DNA analysis, MCV-2 was the main virus type found in genital lesions. However many recent studies cienied the relationship between virus type and anatomical distribution. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the ratio of MCV-l to MCV-2 in Korean isolates of MCV DNA and the relationship between MCV subtypes and with clinical features such as anatomical location, age, sex, numiber of lesions, and atopic dermatitis. METHODS: MCV DNA extrated from 112 cases of Korean patients waa examined by restriction endonuclease analysis using Brtm HI. RESULTS: 1. MCV-1 was found in 108 of 112 (96.4%) patients and MCV-2 in of 112 (3.6%) patients. The ratio of MCV-1 to MCV-2 wss 28:1. 2. There was no significant ciprrelation between MCV subtypes and the age, sex, number of lesions, atopic dermatitis, and anatoimic loction. 3. Lesions induced by MCV-1 MCV-2 were indistinguishable on the brsis of size and form. CONCLUSION: This study showis that the ratio of MCV-1 to MCV-2 was 28:1 in Korean molluscum contagiosum patients and there was no relationship between MCV subtyies and lesional morphology or snatomical distribution.
Dermatitis, Atopic ; DNA ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology* ; Molluscum contagiosum virus* ; Molluscum Contagiosum*

Bisphosphonate is used widely for osteoporosis management. On the other hand, some studies have reported that prolonged use of bisphosphonate without a proper resting period can cause insufficiency fracture and, in rare cases, fractures on the femur neck. This paper reports a case of an elderly patient who suffered bilateral femur neck insufficiency fractures induced by non-stopped long-term bisphosphonate therapy. The patient complained of pain in her buttocks at the first visit. During the admission period, inguinal area pain newly developed. Both a femur neck insufficiency fracture was observed on the hip radiographic image. Hip pinning and postoperative parathyroid hormone treatment were performed. The patient was discharged without specific complications and reported improvement in symptoms on the last follow-up. Several authors have reported one-sided femoral neck insufficiency fractures due to bisphosphonate use, but the present case is uncommon in that it occurred simultaneously in both femur necks. In addition, in the case of bilateral femur fractures, the walking ability after surgery is lower than that of one-sided fracture cases, so active rehabilitation is necessary.

Acute aortic dissection is a medical emergency requiring prompt diagnosis and management. To our knowledge, there have been no reports associating acute dissection of the aorta with methamphetamine abuse in Korea. The pharmacologic action of methamphetamine is similiar to that of cocaine : both promote release of norepinephrine and prevent norepinephrine uptake. Methamphetamine causes sudden, sharp increase in both the pulse wave and the blood pressure by causing both tachycardia and hypertension. Some studies have reported vasculitic lesions associated with methamphetamine abuse. We experienced a case of a 37 year old man with history of intravenous methamphetamine abuse who developed a dissection of the entire aorta and infarction of the right kidney, diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography and computed tomography. He didn't have history of hypertension, the evidence of Marfan's syndrome, or other connective tissue disease. The two dimensional echocardiography demonstrated a intimal flap in the aorta.
Adult ; Aorta* ; Blood Pressure ; Cocaine ; Connective Tissue Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infarction ; Kidney ; Korea ; Marfan Syndrome ; Methamphetamine* ; Norepinephrine ; Tachycardia

Respiratory viral infection has been reported as a risk factor for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients, and IPA following influenza has been reported. We report a 13-year-old boy diagnosed with IPA following influenza. He received allogeneic HCT and then received glucocorticoids for chronic graft-versus-host disease. On admission, he complained of non-neutropenic fever and dyspnea. He was diagnosed with influenza A via a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test from nasopharyngeal swab, and oseltamivir was administered. Fever re-emerged nine days later and repeat PCR was positive for influenza A. His fever did not resolve despite triple antiviral and empirical antibiotic therapy. On hospital day 22, IPA was diagnosed based on chest computed tomography and positive serum galactomannan results, and his symptoms improved with voriconazole therapy. However, he died of uncontrolled bronchiolitis obliterans on hospital day 128. IPA should be considered a complication of influenza in immunocompromised children.
Adolescent ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans ; Cell Transplantation ; Child ; Dyspnea ; Fever ; Glucocorticoids ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Male ; Oseltamivir ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Risk Factors ; Thorax ; Transplants

Splenic preservation and conservative management are now accepted norms when dealing with splenic pathologic conditions. Recently, we managed one case of splenic pseudocyst by successfully performing partial splenectomy via a laparoscopic approach. This case report possibly the first case report of its kind in Korea, describes laparoscopic partial splenectomy for an undiagnosed and suspected benign splenic lesion. A thorough understanding of splenic anatomy permits laparoscopic partial splenectomy with the resultant benefits, including a decreased risk of postsplenectomy sepsis by preserving splenic function, short hospital stay, smooth convalescence, superior cosmesis, and non-recurrence. The success and relative ease of performing this procedure will pave the way for its future use in other selective cases involving splenic pathology.
Convalescence ; Korea ; Length of Stay ; Pathology ; Sepsis ; Splenectomy*

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of intermediate dose oral erythromycin treatment for feeding intolerance in preterm infants with high dose oral erythromycin regimen. METHODS: A prospective, randomized study in a tertiary referral center of a university hospital was conducted on 40 preterm infants less than 1,500 g, diagnosed as feeding intolerance. The infants were randomly allocated to receive high dose oral erythromycin (12.5 mg/kg, every six hours for 14 days) or intermediate dose erythromycin (10 mg/kg, every 6 hours for the first 2 days, followed by 4 mg/kg, every 6 hours for another 5 days). The times taken to establish full enteral feeding and the numbers of withheld feeds after the drug treatment were compared between the two groups. Potential adverse effects of oral erythromycin and complications associated with parenteral nutrition were assessed as secondary outcomes. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. There was no significant difference in times to full feeding (40.4 days in high dose group and 38.6 days in intermediate dose group) and numbers of withheld feeding (3.1 in high dose group and 2.8 in intermediate dose group). No significant differences in episodes of sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, cholestasis and death were observed between two groups. No episode of arrhythmia and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis were observed in both group. Noninferiority was demonstrated of intermediated dose regimen for efficacy and adverse effect of erythromycin, compared with high dose regimen. CONCLUSION: Intermediate dose oral erythromycin treatment does improve feeding intolerance in preterm infants as effectively and safely as high dose erythromycin treatment regimen.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Cholestasis ; Enteral Nutrition ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Erythromycin ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Prospective Studies ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic ; Sepsis ; Tertiary Care Centers