PURPOSE: Pelvic ring fractures amount to 1.5% of all joint fractures. The most frequent causes of pelvic trauma are related to car accidents (50~60%) and car-pedestrian crashes (24~28%). The incidence and severity according to the types of acetabular fractures are not known well. We wanted to evaluate the clinical characteristics of acetabular fractures. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records and radiographic findings of 46 cases of the acetabular fractures in patients who suffered motor vehicle accidents during a 2 year period (from March 2007 to April 2009). RESULTS: The proportion of acetabular fractures was 35.7% of all the pelvic bone fractures due to motor vehicle accidents. The males made up 65.0% of the patients. The mean patient age was 44 year old. The majority of cases were driver-accidents (37.0%). As basis on Tile's grouping, the anterior fracture was the most common type (45.6%). The initial ISS score was higher for anterior fracture than that for the other types of acetabular fractures. Surgical operations were performed for 59.0% of the study patients. When the operative intervention was performed within 3 days, the ICU stay of the patients was much longer. Early surgical intervention could not reduce the development of late complications or improve the overall clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: Acetabular fractures are not a rare type of pelvic bone injury in patients who are injured in motor vehicle accidents. Anterior fracture was the most common type and it showed a poor prognosis. Early surgical intervention cannot reduce the length of the hospital stay of patients with acetabular fractures or the development of late complications.
Acetabulum ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injury Severity Score ; Joints ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Medical Records ; Motor Vehicles ; Pelvic Bones ; Prognosis

No abstract available.
Fractures, Open*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) on erectile function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 108 patients treated with TURP were retrospectively evaluated. All patients were evaluated 1, 3, and 6 months after TURP by use of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), peak urinary flow rate (Qmax), and post-void residual urine (PVR). RESULTS: One and 3 months after TURP, the erectile function domain score of the IIEF was significantly decreased. However, after 6 months, there was no longer a significant decrease in the erectile function domain score. The change in erectile function was compared with the IPSS score. There was no statistically significant correlation, but patients who had better voiding symptoms after TURP had improved erectile function. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that there was a significant decrease in erectile function for 3 months after TURP. However, no significant change in erectile function was observed 6 months after TURP.
Erectile Dysfunction ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to propose a new, simplified formula using an upper incisor-sternal notch (UI-SN) to predict the airway length of optimal positioning of the endotracheal tube via a midsagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pediatric patients. METHODS: Between August 2000 and September 2014, a total of 56 pediatric patients (under 8 years old) who underwent MRI for C-spine or whole spine were included for analysis. Variables, such as curved airway length from upper incisor to carina (UI-C), straight length from upper incisor to sternal notch (UI-SN), and from the clivus to sternal notch (C-SN), were measured. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship among these variables. RESULTS: The average age was 3.5±2.6, and there were 30 (53.6%) males. The mean airway length for UI-C and UI-SN was 16.0±2.8 and 8.8±2.1 cm, respectively. There was a close linear correlation between UI-C and UI-SN (p<0.001). By linear regression, a formula was obtained as UI-C (cm)=1.26×UI-SN (cm)+5.0 (R²=0.873). CONCLUSION: The airway length from the upper incisor to the carina with the head placed in neutral position can be well predicted by a straight length from the upper incisor to the sternal notch. The proposed simplified formula (UI-C=1.26×UI-SN+5, cm) can provide good guidance in determining the optimal positioning of endotracheal tube in pediatric patients.
Cranial Fossa, Posterior ; Head ; Humans ; Incisor ; Intubation ; Linear Models ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Pediatrics ; Spine

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Nucleolus Organizer Region*

Chitosan has been known as a wound healing agent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and guided bone regenerative effect of chitosan and chitosan-cellulose membranes. The effects of chitosan and chitosan-cellulose membranes on the growth and survival of human periodontal ligament cells were examined by rapid colorimetric MTT(tetrazolium) assay, and the tissue response and resorption pattern were observed by implanting the membranes into the subcutaneous tissue of the back of rats for 6 weeks. To evaluate the guided bone regenerative potential of membranes, the amount of newly formed bone in the rat calvarial defects(8mm in diameter) was measured by histomorphometry and radiomorphometry 1,2 and 4 weeks after implantation of membranes. Chitosan and chitosan-cellulose membranes showed no adverse effect on the growth and survival of human periodontal ligament cells. When membranes were subcutaneously implanted, inflammatory reaction was observed at 1 week and which gradually subsided 2 weeks after implantation. Membranes remained intact throughout the experimental period of 6 weeks. Radiomorphometric analysis of the craniotomy sites revealed that chitosan and chitosan-cellulose membrane implanted sites showed increased radiopacity over control. Statistically significant differences with control were found in chitosan-cellulose membrane implanted group at 2 and 4 weeks, and chitosan membrane implanted group at 4 weeks(P<0.05). Histomorphometric data indicated a pattern of osseous healing similar to radiomorphometric analysis. There was a statistically significant difference between control and chitosan-cellulose membrane implanted group at 4 weeks(P<0.05). These results implicate that chitosan and chitosan-cellulose membrane might be useful for guided bone regeneration.
Humans ; Rats ; Animals

BACKGROUND: The oral ulcer is a common oral disorder, but the precise etiology remains elusive despite of intensive clinical, immunological, hematological and microbiological investigations. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine oral ulcers for the detection of HSV DNA by using PCR and to characterize clinical features of HSV DNA positive cases. METHODS: Specimens collected with cotton swabs and saliva from 48 cases of oral ulcers were examined for HSV DNA by PCR and Southern blot hybridization. RESULTS: 1. HSV DNA was detected in 8 of 48(16.7%) cotton swabbed specimens of oral ulcers and saliva by PCR and Southern blot hybridization. 2. Clinical features of HSV DNA positive oral ulcers were a. predominently located in buccal mucosa. b. mall sized(<3mm), multiple(> or =5) lesions. 3. In Behcet's disease, 2 of 7(28.6%) cases of oral ulcers were positive for HSV DNA CONCLUSION: PCR is an useful and accurate method for the detection of HSV DNA from cotton swabbed specimens of oral ulcers.
Blotting, Southern ; DNA ; Herpes Simplex* ; Mouth Mucosa ; Oral Ulcer* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Saliva ; Simplexvirus*

PURPOSE: An accurate, objective scoring system to assess the severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) could be helpful to physicians in predicting patient mortality and improving decisions regarding hospitalization. However reports on the severity scoring system for prediction of mortality in patients with CAP in Korea are rare. The aim of this study was to propose a new modified severity scoring system based on a previously validated A-DROP for CAP and to compare it with pneumonia severity index (PSI), CURB- 65 and A-DROP. METHODS: The medical records of 364 patients admitted with CAP via ED from January 2013 through August 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. The demographic data, comorbidities, laboratories, PSI class, CURB-65 score, and A-DROP score were reviewed. The authors investigated a modification factor by comparing the survivors with the nonsurvivors. RESULTS: The study subjects were composed of 264 men and 100 women, with a mean age of 66.2+/-15.2 years. The overall 30-day mortality was 9.6%. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for prediction of 30-day mortality in patients with CAP were 0.803 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.739-0.868), 0.734 (95% CI: 0.652-0.816) and 0.747 (95% CI: 0.662-0.833) for PSI, CURB-65 and A-DROP respectively. The new DROP-70 scoring system which includes age> or =70 years is a simple modified version of the A-DROP. The area under the ROC curves of DROP-70 was 0.774 (95% CI: 0.698-0.850). CONCLUSION: A new severity scoring system, DROP-70, could be a useful index for predicting 30-day mortality in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
Comorbidity ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Pneumonia* ; Prognosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Survivors

BACKGROUND: Standard solution-phase PCR cannot localize the amplified DNA products in cells or tissue sections. Recently, in situ PCR technique which combines PCR with in situ hybridization was developed and applied to detect target DNA or gene expression in the tissue sections. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of HSV type-1 DNA in herpes simplex lesions by using hot start PCR in situ hybridization and hot start in situ PCR and to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the two methods. The sensitivity and specificity of multiple overlapping primers and a single primer pair in hot start in situ PCR were also compared. METHODS: We performed hot start PCR in situ hybridization and in situ PCR with multiple overlapping primers, and hot start in situ PCR with a single primer pair in paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissues. RESULTS: HSV type-1 DNA was detected in 4 (80%) of.5 cases of herpes simplex and negative in all cases of herpes zoster, verruca vulgaris, and normal skins. One negative case of herpes simplex could not be detected by HSV type-1 specific primers because it might be caused by HSV type-2. There was no difference in the sensitivity, specificity, and intensity of signals between the three methods. CONCLUSION: Hot start in situ PCR with a single primer pair is a simpler, easier, and more rapid technique for detecting the HSV type-1 DNA in lesional tissue sections with similar sensitivity and specificity than hot start PCR in situ hybridization and hot start in situ PCR using multiple overlapping primers.
DNA* ; Gene Expression ; Herpes Simplex* ; Herpes Zoster ; In Situ Hybridization ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Simplexvirus* ; Skin ; Warts

BACKGROUND: Recent restriction enclonuclease analysis studies hsve revealed that MCV DNA can be classified into two major types, designated MCV-1 and MCV-2, by th:ir restriction enzyme cleavsge patterns. In earlier reports of MCV DNA analysis, MCV-2 was the main virus type found in genital lesions. However many recent studies cienied the relationship between virus type and anatomical distribution. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the ratio of MCV-l to MCV-2 in Korean isolates of MCV DNA and the relationship between MCV subtypes and with clinical features such as anatomical location, age, sex, numiber of lesions, and atopic dermatitis. METHODS: MCV DNA extrated from 112 cases of Korean patients waa examined by restriction endonuclease analysis using Brtm HI. RESULTS: 1. MCV-1 was found in 108 of 112 (96.4%) patients and MCV-2 in of 112 (3.6%) patients. The ratio of MCV-1 to MCV-2 wss 28:1. 2. There was no significant ciprrelation between MCV subtypes and the age, sex, number of lesions, atopic dermatitis, and anatoimic loction. 3. Lesions induced by MCV-1 MCV-2 were indistinguishable on the brsis of size and form. CONCLUSION: This study showis that the ratio of MCV-1 to MCV-2 was 28:1 in Korean molluscum contagiosum patients and there was no relationship between MCV subtyies and lesional morphology or snatomical distribution.
Dermatitis, Atopic ; DNA ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology* ; Molluscum contagiosum virus* ; Molluscum Contagiosum*