A hepatic lymphangioma is a rare benign neoplasm that is usually associated with systemic lymphangiomatosis. A solitary hepatic lymphangioma is extremely rare. Therefore, we present a rare case of a female patient who underwent right hepatectomy for solitary giant hepatic lymphangioma. A 42-year-old female presented to the emergency department with complaint of severe abdominal pain of the right upper quadrant. Abdominal computed tomography showed an approximately 23×30-cm sized, giant, relatively well-defined, homogenous cystic mass with few septa in the right liver (segments VII and VIII). The preoperative diagnosis was a giant hepatic cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma. We performed right hepatectomy. The permanent histopathological report revealed cystic lymphangioma of the liver. Although the prognosis of solitary hepatic lymphangioma after surgical resection is favorable, recurrence has been reported in literature.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Cystadenocarcinoma ; Cystadenoma ; Diagnosis ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver ; Lymphangioma* ; Lymphangioma, Cystic ; Prognosis ; Recurrence

No abstract available.
Cyclophosphamide* ; Doxorubicin* ; Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Etoposide* ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma*

BACKGROUND: A web-based surveillance of surgical-site infections (SSIs) in Korean Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System (KONIS) was performed to determine the incidence of SSIs after 15 operative procedures. METHODS: Forty-three hospitals participated in the surveillance system for 15 operative procedures. A year-round observation was carried out, and the duration of participation was shortened for 3 months unit. All data were collected using a real-time web-based reporting system. RESULTS: From July 2010 through June 2011, SSI surveillance data of 18,644 cases were collected from 43 hospitals. SSIs were found to occur in 2.10% of the total cases. The SSI rates after various surgeries were as follows: 4.49%, rectal surgery; 4.41%, colon surgery; 3.50%, gastric surgery; 3.12%, craniotomy; 1.25%, abdominal hysterectomy; 0.93%, laminectomy; 0.63%, cesarean section; 0.62%, gallbladder surgery; and 0.54%, vaginal hysterectomy. The interim results of implant-related surgery are given below as SSI rates: 3.78%, ventricular shunt operation; 3.23%, coronary artery bypass graft; 2.20%, cardiac surgery; 1.31%, spinal fusion; 0.96%, knee prosthesis; and 0.88%, hip prosthesis. CONCLUSION: The SSI rate was found to be 2.10% by the KONIS 2010. The maintenance of a surveillance system for SSI is very important, as it will help in decreasing SSIs via feedback to the involved surgeons and infection-control personnel.
Colon ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Cross Infection ; Female ; Gallbladder ; Hip ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; Incidence ; Knee ; Surgical Procedures, Operative

A population study of the X-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci DXS9898, DXS6809, DXS7424 and DXS10011 was carried out by single multiplex PCR in a sample of 300 unrelated Korean individuals (150 males and 150 females). For accurate and reproducible STR typing, sequenced allelic ladders were constructed and GenoTyper macro was programmed. In this study, four types of the repre-sentative repeat sequence structure of DXS10011 were observed and the allele loss at DXS9898 was observed in 13 of 450 chromosomes (2.9%). The inter-population comparison of the allele frequencies at the 4 X-STRs showed significantly different distributions (p<0.01) for Koreans and Germans except DXS10011. All statistical parameters for forensic efficiency showed that the 4 X-chromosomal STRs are highly informative. Especially, DXS10011 is expected to be the most useful marker for forensic practice.
Alleles ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common form of sleep-disordered breathing and affects quality of life. Several questionnaires have been developed for screening OSA. The aim of this study was to compare the anthropometric measurements of OSA patients using sleep questionnaires as a tool to screen patients with OSA. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This study enrolled 126 adult OSA patients. All subjects underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) and were measured for body mass index (BMI), neck circumference, waist circumference, and tonsil size. Patients were screened using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Berlin questionnaire (Berlin Q), and STOP questionnaire (STOP Q). Correlation and multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine the predictive value of the anthropometric measurements of OSA patients. RESULTS: ESS, Berlin Q, and STOP Q results were associated with apnea hypopnea index (AHI), minimal oxygen saturation of PSG and BMI, neck circumference, waist circumference, and hip circumference of OSA patients. However, facial contour did not significantly influence the results of sleep questionnaires. CONCLUSION: Some anthropometric characteristics are associated with sleep questionnaire results. Not only sleep questionnaires, but also anthropometric data can be used as predictive tools of OSA.
Adult ; Apnea ; Berlin ; Body Mass Index ; Hip ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Neck ; Oxygen ; Palatine Tonsil ; Polysomnography ; Quality of Life ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive* ; Waist Circumference

PURPOSE: Although there are over 40,000 licensed radiological technologists (RTs) in Korea, job competency standards have yet to be defined. This study aims to clarify the job competency of Korean RTs. METHODS: A task force team of 11 professional RTs were recruited in order to analyze the job competency of domestic and international RTs. A draft for the job competency of Korean RTs was prepared. A survey was then conducted sampling RTs and the attitudes of their competencies were recorded from May 21 to July 30, 2016. RESULTS: We identified five modules of professionalism, patient management, health and safety, operation of equipment, and procedure management and 131 detailed job competencies for RTs in Korea. “Health and safety” had the highest average score and “professionalism” had the lowest average score for both job performance and importance. The content validity ratios for the 131 subcompetencies were mostly valid. CONCLUSION: Establishment of standard guidelines for RT job competency for multidisciplinary healthcare at medical institutions may be possible based on our results, which will help educators of RT training institutions to clarify their training and education.
Advisory Committees ; Delivery of Health Care ; Education ; Humans ; Korea* ; Licensure ; Professionalism ; Republic of Korea ; Specialization* ; Technology, Radiologic ; Work Performance

Transglutaminase 2 (TGase 2) plays a key role in p53 regulation, depleting p53 tumor suppressor through autophagy in renal cell carcinoma. We found that microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3), a hallmark of autophagy, were tightly associated with the level of TGase 2 in cancer cells. TGase 2 overexpression increased LC3 levels, and TGase 2 knockdown decreased LC3 levels in cancer cells. Transcript abundance of LC3 was inversely correlated with level of wild type p53. TGase 2 knockdown using siRNA, or TGase 2 inhibition using GK921 significantly reduced autophagy through reduction of LC3 transcription, which was followed by restoration of p53 levels in cancer cells. TGase 2 overexpression promoted the autophagy process by LC3 induction, which was correlated with p53 depletion in cancer cells. Rapamycin-resistant cancer cells also showed higher expression of LC3 compared to the rapamycin-sensitive cancer cells, which was tightly correlated with TGase 2 levels. TGase 2 knockdown or TGase 2 inhibition sensitized rapamycin-resistant cancer cells to drug treatment. In summary, TGase 2 induces drug resistance by potentiating autophagy through LC3 induction via p53 regulation in cancer.
Autophagy* ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Drug Resistance ; RNA, Small Interfering

We found that non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells express high levels of multiple aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) isoforms via an informatics analysis of metabolic enzymes in NSCLC and immunohistochemical staining of NSCLC clinical tumor samples. Using a multiple reaction-monitoring mass spectrometry analysis, we found that multiple ALDH isozymes were generally abundant in NSCLC cells compared with their levels in normal IMR-90 human lung cells. As a result of the catalytic reaction mediated by ALDH, NADH is produced as a by-product from the conversion of aldehyde to carboxylic acid. We hypothesized that the NADH produced by ALDH may be a reliable energy source for ATP production in NSCLC. This study revealed that NADH production by ALDH contributes significantly to ATP production in NSCLC. Furthermore, gossypol, a pan-ALDH inhibitor, markedly reduced the level of ATP. Gossypol combined with phenformin synergistically reduced the ATP levels, which efficiently induced cell death following cell cycle arrest.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase* ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Death ; Energy Metabolism* ; Gossypol ; Humans ; Informatics ; Isoenzymes ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Mass Spectrometry ; NAD ; Phenformin ; Protein Isoforms

No abstract available.
Doxorubicin* ; Drug Therapy* ; Etoposide* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

BACKGROUND: A nationwide prospective multicenter study was performed in Korea to determine the incidence and risk factors for surgical site infections (SSI) after craniotomies (CRAN), ventricular shunt operations (VS), gastric operations (GAST), colon operations (COLO), rectal operations (RECT), hip joint replacements (HJR), and knee joint replacements (KJR). METHODS: We collected data regarding demographics, clinical and operative risk factors for SSI, and antibiotics administered to the patients who underwent CRAN in 18 hospitals, VS in 19 hospitals, GAST in 19 hospitals, COLO in 19 hospitals, RECT in 19 hospitals, HJR in 24 hospitals, and KJR in 23 hospitals between January and December 2009. All the data were collected using a real-time web-based reporting system. RESULTS: The SSI rate of CRAN, VS, GAST, COLO, RECT, HJR, and KJR was 3.68 (22/1,169), 5.96 (14/235), 4.25 (75/1,763), 3.37 (22/653), 5.83 (27/463), 1.93 (23/1,190), and 2.63 (30/1,139), respectively, per 100 operations. The only significant risk factor for SSI after CRAN was postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage. The independent risk factors for SSI after GAST were multiple procedure, reoperation, infection of other sites, and transfusion. In HJR, the duration of preoperative hospital stay and operation time were longer, and the need for general anesthesia, transfusion, and steroid use and the incidence of contaminated/dirty wound, obesity, and infection of other sites were significantly increased in the infected group. In KJR, the duration of preoperative hospital stay was longer and the need for reoperation was significantly higher in the infected group, and in addition, the incidence of SSI was higher among males. CONCLUSION: The maintenance of surveillance on SSI is very important because surveillance provides valuable information to the surgeon and infection control personnel, which in turn helps decrease the incidence of SSI.
Anesthesia, General ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Colon ; Craniotomy ; Demography ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infection Control ; Knee Joint ; Korea ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Obesity ; Reoperation ; Risk Factors