No abstract available.
Animals* ; Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia* ; Humans*

PURPOSE: We evaluated the contralateral patent processus vaginalis(CPPV) by transinguinal laparoscopy in boys with unilateral inguinal hernia, to determine its incidence and the association with various clinical parameters. We also investigated the factors responsible for the development of a metachronous inguinal hernia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred sixty seven boys with unilateral inguinal hernia were analyzed. The morphology of the ring was classified into four patterns(type 1, 2a, 2b, and 3). We analyzed the morphology of the internal ring and the variables related to a CPPV by age, laterality and the size of the ipsilateral and/or bilateral hernia sac. RESULTS: The incidence of a CPPV was 33.9%. The positive predictive value was 94.9%(56/59). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of a CPPV by laterality. The incidence of a CPPV was significantly higher in the group with a larger size(>or=1cm) compared to the smaller abnormalities(<1cm). The incidence of the type 3 pattern was higher than the type 2b pattern in the group with larger abnormalities. With increasing age, type 1 and 2a patterns increased in frequency, but type 2b decreased and the type 3 pattern was stable. The size of the contralateral hernia sac was significantly larger with the type 3 pattern than the type 2b. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study showed that the size of the hernia sac and patient age were related to the presence of a CPPV. A type 3 pattern was associated with a more primitive morphology, a wider hernia sac and no change in the incidence with advancing age. Therefore, the findings of this study suggest that a metachronous inguinal hernia develops more commonly in patients with a type 3 pattern internal ring.
Diagnosis ; Hernia* ; Hernia, Inguinal* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparoscopy* ; Risk Factors*

BACKGROUND: Due to the increase in average life expectancy, the number of elderly people in the population has also increased and it is argued that this has led to a rise in chronic regression type diseases or dementia and related psychoneurological diseases, together with the growing occurrence of cognitive function disorders. However, it can be said that research in Korea towards systematic general function assessment or machinery for diagnosis is insufficient. Accordingly, the authors of this paper, investigated elderly people, both institutionalized and shill living in the community for their cognitive functions and their ability to carry out daily life skills. Afterwards, the early diagnosis of mental illness and rehabilitation management for elderly patients was put into operation for this research. METHODS: During October of 1997 a certain retirement home in Kyonggi-do and a public health centre in Seoul were visited and forty patients from the home, and forty-five patients from the health centre, all over 65 years of age, were the objects of tests for cognition functions using the mini-mental status examination -Korea(MMSE-K), Their ability to carry out activity of daily living was tested through the modified Ballhel index for measurement, comparison and analysis. RESULTS: The group from the institution had an average MMSE-K of 24.05 with no significant difference between gender, age and degree of education. The health centre group's MMSE-K of 26.16 was a higher ,score(p<0.05), by men and by at least elementary ,school education. If we look at different classifications, the institutionalized group included 13 people(32.5%) ar a normal level, 18 people (45.0%) with mildly impairments, 9 people(17.5%) had moderately impairments and no severly handicapped patients. Looking at the community elderly, 23 people(51.1%) were at a normal level, 19 people (42.2%) had middle impairments, 3 people(6.7%) had moderately impairments and there were no severly impairments. With the MBI, the institutionalized group had an average of 95.9 and the community group had an average of 98.62 so both ,scored highly(p<0.05). If the MBI of the two group's dependency is compared, 17 people(42.5%) of the institution's elderly were independent in activity of daily living, 17 people(42.5%) were minimal dependent and the remaining 6 people(15.%) were mild dependent. 30(66.7%) of the community elderly were independent in daily living activity, 14 people (31.1%) were mild dependent and 1 people(2.2%) war mild dependent. Even the elderly with normal cognitive functions had disorders with their daily living activity Therefore a sample of the patients have above average damaged cognitive functions and severe living activity disorders are being seen in both groups. CONCLUSION: Both the community and institutionalized elderly had resonable cognition and the institutionalized groups had especially high levels. It is now believed that there is a relation between this and the lack of suitable evaluation in Korea. Even if the daily living activity disorders were not severe, they were observed in both groups, so henceforth, if cognitive function tests were made with consideration given to age and gender, and activity of daily living tests were implemented efficiently, the overall health and well-being of the elderly, and therefore demands for medical treatment and social services, could be decided and put into operation.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged* ; Classification ; Cognition ; Dementia ; Diagnosis ; Disabled Persons ; Early Diagnosis ; Education ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Korea ; Life Expectancy ; Male ; Nursing Homes* ; Nursing* ; Public Health ; Rehabilitation ; Retirement ; Seoul ; Social Work

Palatal myoclonus is a rare disorder described as separable from the general group of myoclonias as a clinical and antomical entity result from lesion involving the dentato-rubro-olivary pathway and the inferior olivary nucleus. This 21-year-old man was injured in a fall from the roof. On admission to the hospital, he had cerebral contusion and occipital bone fracture with other multiple trauma. On the eleventh day after the injury, he began showing rhythmic, 150/min, bilateral contraction of the palate. This movement disorder has hitherto been considered untreatable when idiopathic origin. But several reports describe improvement of palatal myoclonus during sleep or medical treatment. In this case, palatal myoclonus was absent during sleep and it responded well to oral administration of clonazepam. We report a case of palatal myoclonus which developed after trauma for the first time in Korea.
Administration, Oral ; Clonazepam ; Contusions ; Humans ; Korea ; Movement Disorders ; Multiple Trauma ; Myoclonus* ; Occipital Bone ; Olivary Nucleus ; Palate ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Emergencies ; Humans

Percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty (PMBV) is the treatment of choice for mitral stenosis. Only a few reported cases have been reported in PMBV patients worldwide. In this study, a case of a 34 year-old female with infective endocarditis a year after PMBV is presented. The patient presented with fever, and peripheral vascular symptoms. Transthoracic echocardiography showed vegetation on the anterior mitral leaflets and Staphylococcus Viridans was isolated from blood cultures. The patient was successfully treated with Amoxicillin + Clavulate and Gentamicin. Further studies on the correlation between PMBV and infective endocarditis are needed.
Amoxicillin ; Balloon Valvuloplasty* ; Echocardiography ; Endocarditis* ; Female ; Fever ; Gentamicins ; Humans ; Mitral Valve Stenosis ; Staphylococcus

We report a case of an 86-year-old man diagnosed with bilateral elastofibroma dorsi who was managed conservatively after a two year follow-up. An elastofibroma dorsi is a benign, slow-growing tumor that is most often located in the inferior periscapular area in elderly patients. It should be considered to differentiate them from other soft tissue tumors located at the inferior periscapular region. Increased awareness of these characteristics will decrease the incidence of a misdiagnosis of elastofibroma dorsi as a malignancy and avoid unnecessary surgery.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Diagnostic Errors ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Shoulder* ; Unnecessary Procedures

The isolated medial rectus muscle palsy without involvement of third cranial nerve is relative rare. Two cases were studied by coronal, transverse, axil computed tomography and MR imaging which showed the well visualization of intraorbital structures and confirmed same finding by operation with clinical improvement. It seemed to be necessary to study by comprehensive radiology for the exact localization and observation of intraorbital structures. We report two cases of isolated medial rectus muscle palsy associated with mucocele.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mucocele ; Oculomotor Nerve ; Paralysis*

PURPOSE: To compare the effects of IVTA with focal laser photocoagulation, for cystoid macular edema and sponge-like macular edema categorized by findings of optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: This study comprised 104 eyes of diabetic macular edema. OCT findings were used to divide the eyes into one group with sponge-like macular edema, and one group with cystoid macular edema. Each group was then divided into two subgroups, one with eyes treated with IVTA, and the other with eyes treated with laser photocoagulation. Visual acuity and macular thickness were compared between the subgroups at 1, 2, and 3 months after therapy. RESULTS: Regardless of the type of macular edema, the group treated with IVTA showed a more rapid improvement of visual acuity (P<0.05), and the group with cystoid macular edema showed better improvement of visual acuity (P<0.05) and macular thickness. The group with sponge-like macular edema showed a similar improvement regardless of the method of treatment (P>0.05), but patients who definetely had focal leakage showed better improvement and consistency of visual acuity when treated with focal laser photocoagulation. CONCLUSIONS: The correct therapeutic method, depending on the type of macular edema, grouped by OCT and FAG, should result in better improvement of visual acuity. Further study is needed to determine the optimal combination therapy depending on the type of macular edema.
Humans ; Light Coagulation* ; Macular Edema* ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Triamcinolone Acetonide ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSES: To compare the radiologic results in the minimally invasive quadriceps sparing total knee arthroplasty(MIS-QS TKA) with those in conventional total knee arthroplasty(TKA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 2004 and December 2004, we underwent 20 MIS-QS TKAs (group I) and 20 conventional TKAs(group II). All cases were female with osteoarthritis. The average age was 68.0 years in group I and 65.0 years in group II. The mechanical axis and the implant position were measured by 2 observers according to the reontgenographic evaluation system of the American Knee Society. RESULTS: The mean length of skin incision was 9.2 cm in group I and 16.1 cm in group II. The mean operative time was 127 minutes in group I and 85 minutes in group II. The mean postoperative mechanical axis was varus 1.35 degrees in group I and varus 0.37 degrees in group II. And the mean alpha, beta, gamma and delta angle were 94.9, 90.6, 4.5 and 85.5 degrees in group I, and 94.3, 91.4, 4.7 and 84.6 degrees in group II, respectively. There was no significant difference in the radiologic results between both groups. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in the implant position and mechanical axis between MIS-QS TKA group and conventional TKA group. Average skin incision was shorter in MIS-QS TKA, but longer operation time taken compared to that of conventional TKA.
Arthroplasty* ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Female ; Humans ; Knee* ; Operative Time ; Osteoarthritis ; Skin ; Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive