PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to review the resilience of elderly patients of gastric cancer, their self-efficacy, family support, spiritual well-being and depression. METHODS: The subjects were 100 patients who were 65 years old or older who had been admitted to the surgical department at K University Hospital in B City. Data were collected from August 10 to September 2, 2016. RESULTS: Resilience of patients showed significant correlations with the degree of self-efficacy r=.51 (p<.001), the degree of family support r=.47 (p<.001), the degree of spiritual well-being r=.59 (p<.001), the degree of depression r=.34 (p<.001). The factor that affected resilience most was spiritual well-being (β=.35), followed by self-efficacy (β=.21), monthly average income (β=.20), family support (β=.18), and experienced symptoms (β=.15). The overall explanatory power was 47.4%. CONCLUSION: The degree of resilience in elderly patients of gastric cancer was higher when self-efficacy, family support and spiritual well-being were higher. To improve the resilience of elderly patients of gastric cancer, the development and application of a nursing intervention program that take these variables into account is needed.
Aged* ; Depression ; Humans ; Nursing ; Spirituality ; Stomach Neoplasms*

Purpose: Nursing students are susceptible to medication safety incidents in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) related to a lack of communication experience. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of a NICU medication safety simulation (NMSS) focusing on communication clarity, patient hand-off confidence, and patient safety competency in senior-year nursing students. Methods: The study utilized a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. In total, 60 nursing students were assigned to two groups. The experimental group participated in the NMSS, which included three medication error scenarios. Pairs of students completed the scenarios together in 10 to 20 minutes. Data were analyzed using the chi-squared test, independent t test, and ANCOVA. Results: The experimental group showed significant improvements in communication clarity (p=.015), and patient safety competency (p<.001) compared to the control group. Using the pretest values as covariates, patient hand-off confidence scores significantly increased (p=.027). Conclusion Implementing the NMSS focusing on communication in the pediatric nursing curriculum helped students to communicate clearly and concisely about medication errors, and its use is recommended to promote patient safety competency in the NICU.

BACKGROUND: Recurrent recalcitrant warts are likely to increase gradually, and require more aggressive and effective treatment for remedy. According to recent foreign research materials and literature, aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is reported to prove to show high curative performances, but there has been little relevant research in Korea to date. OBJECTIVE: This study will evaluate the efficiency and side effects of ALA-PDL and PDL in treating recalcitrant viral warts. METHODS: 120 warts from 44 people were selected and sorted by their locations such as hand, foot, and periungual area, and then randomly divided into 2 groups: ALA-PDL group and PDL group. The ALA-PDL group used 20% 5-ALA as a photosensitizer, and PDL for the light-source, the other group used PDL. The setting of PDL being used in both groups is as follows: wavelength of 585 nm, spot size of 7 mm, and energy density of 7.0~10 J/cm2. RESULTS: After 3 treatment sessions, the complete clearance of ALA-PDL and PDL groups was 44/59 (74.6%), 18/61 (29.5%), partial clearance-good was 8/59 (13.6%), 20/61 (32.8%), partial clearance-poor was 7/59 (11.9%), 21/61 (34.4%) and no response was 0/59 (0%), 2/61 (3.3%). The average treatment sessions were 2.32 and 2.97 times. ALA-PDL group showed pain in 27/59 (45.8%) for the first and second treatment sessions, and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) in 11/59 (18.6%). The PDL group showed only PIH in 3/61 (4.9%). CONCLUSION: PDT is an efficient treatment modality in recalcitrant viral warts. Especially in the case of periungual warts, it is very safe and cosmetically satisfactory without serious side effects such as nail deformity.
Aminolevulinic Acid ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Foot ; Hand ; Hyperpigmentation ; Korea ; Lasers, Dye ; Nails ; Photochemotherapy ; Triazenes ; Warts

No abstract available.
Musculocutaneous Nerve ; Paralysis

PURPOSE: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic panvasculitis that causes coronary artery lesions. KD is accompanied by immunoregulatory abnormalities. Nitric oxide (NO) can induce relaxation of blood vessels by activating guanylate cyclase in smooth muscle cells and high levels of NO may result in coronary artery lesions. We investigated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and NO production before and after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy to study the roles of NO and TNF-alpha in KD with coronary artery lesions. METHODS: Serum levels of NO and TNF-alpha were measured in 24 patients with KD (group I, eight patients with normal coronary artery; group II, 16 patients with coronary artery lesions) and 23 controls (group III, 13 afebrile controls; group IV, 10 febrile controls). Blood samples from each subject were drawn before and after IVIG therapy and in the convalescent stage. Serum concentrations of NO and TNF-alpha were measured by enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay. RESULTS: The NO levels before IVIG therapy were significantly higher in group II than in group I, group III and group IV. After IVIG therapy the levels of NO were significantly higher in group I and group II than in group III. The TNF-alpha levels before IVIG therapy were significantly higher in group I and group II than in group III. The serum TNF-alpha and NO levels were higher before IVIG therapy and decreased through the convalescent stage in KD patients. In the acute stage of KD patients with coronary artery lesions, serum NO levels significantly correlated with white blood cells (r=043, P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: The serum concentration levels of TNF-alpha and NO were abnormally high in KD patients and NO concentrations were statistically higher in the KD patients with coronary artery abnormalities than those without coronary abnormality during the early stage of the KD. These results suggest NO may be involved in the development of coronary artery lesions.
Blood Vessels ; Coronary Vessels ; Guanylate Cyclase ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; Leukocytes ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Nitric Oxide* ; Relaxation ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

A ‘collision’ tumor refers to the existence of two different neoplasms within the same tumor. Sometimes, the term ‘biphasic tumor’ is also used. However, a ‘collision’ tumor is defined as the occurrence of two neoplasms within proximity of each other yet maintaining distinctly defined, separate boundaries. In contrast, a ‘biphasic’ tumor demonstrates two or more phenotypically distinct neoplastic cell populations merging within the same space. Here, we report a case of collision tumor associated with sarcomatoid eccrine porocarcinoma and basal cell carcinoma arising in a 57-year-old male patient.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Eccrine Porocarcinoma* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Background: A cervical transforaminal epidural (TFE) steroid injection is a useful treatment option for cervical radicular pain, but it carries a small risk of catastrophic complications.Several studies have reported that cervical facet joint (FJ) steroid injection can reduce cervical radicular pain through an indirect epidural spread. The aim of this retrospective comparative study was to evaluate the pain scores and functional disability in subjects receiving cervical FJ or TFE steroid injection for the treatment of cervical radicular pain due to foraminal stenosis (FS). Methods: We selected 278 patients 18 years of age and older who underwent cervical FJ (n = 130) or TFE (n= 148) steroid injection for cervical radicular pain. The primary outcomes included pain scores and functional disability during hospital visits one, three, and six months after the initial injection. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of responders and Medication Quantification Scale (MQS) scores. Adverse events and variables correlating with effectiveness one month after the initial injection were also evaluated. Results: The Numeric Rating Scale and Neck Disability Index scores showed a significant improvement one, three, and six months after the initial injection in both groups, with no significant differences between the groups. No significant differences were observed in the success rates of the procedure one, three, and six months after the initial injection for either group. There were no significant differences in MQS between the groups during the followup period. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the injection method, age, sex, number of injections, FS severity, MQS, pain duration, and the presence of cervical disc herniation were not independent predictors of treatment success. Conclusion The efficacy of FJ steroid injection may not be inferior to that of TFE steroid injection in patients with cervical radicular pain due to FS.

PURPOSE: This study is aimed at identifying the effects of telephone counseling as nursing support on distress, anxiety, depression, and adverse events in cancer patients undergoing their first chemotherapy. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled trial (pretest-posttest design). A total of 70 patients who showed 4 or higher distress scores were selected from the screening process. Four patients dropped out; therefore, 66 patients participated in this research. Thirty-two and 34 patients were randomly assigned to the experimental and the control group, respectively. After a preliminary survey, telephone counseling support was given to the experimental group at three time points. The post survey was done before the second cycle of chemotherapy. RESULTS: Regarding distress, both groups showed a statistically significant decrease in the scores: 3.4 for the experimental group and 1.8 for the control group (p=.002). Furthermore, the experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant decrease relative to the control group. Anxiety and depression showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study concludes that nursing support through phone counseling is effective in decreasing distress in patients undergoing chemotherapy for the first time.
Anxiety* ; Counseling* ; Depression* ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Nursing ; Telephone*

We present a case of accessory tragus (AT) which developed at an unusual site, the nasal vestibule, of a 1-day-old girl. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an accessory tragus that appears on the nasal vestibule.

Familial cutaneous collagenoma is a rare hereditary disease that is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. It is characterized by early onset of multiple, skin-colored, sometimes hypopigmented cutaneous nodules, which initially show a symmetrical arrangement on the trunk, and later on the neck and upper limbs. We report on a case of a 45-year-old female who presented with multiple oval to round hypopigmented papules measuring 5~15 mm on her trunk. Histopathologically, the lesions showed an increased amount of collagen fibers and decreased, fragmented elastic fibers in the dermis. The skin lesions were diagnosed as familial cutaneous collagenoma and no treatment was administered. To the best of our knowledge, our case is the first reported case of familial cutaneous collagenoma (FCC) in the Korean literature.
Collagen ; Dermis ; Elastic Tissue ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Skin ; Upper Extremity