No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Hysterectomy*

No abstract available.
Apgar Score* ; Depression* ; Humans ; Psychology*

No abstract available.
Apgar Score* ; Depression* ; Humans ; Psychology*

PURPOSE: This study presents the current status of transcultural nursing education in nursing baccalaureate programs. METHODS: The nursing curricula from 185 out of 194 nursing colleges that received accreditation were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: 109 (58.9%) nursing colleges offered 117 transcultural nursing-related courses. The courses were offered as elective (68.4%) as well as major (78.6%) courses. All courses were offered as a theoretical delivery class without any field experiences. The courses were offered mainly for sophomore (41.9%) and freshman students (33.3%), and most of them (79.5%) were two-credit courses. Instead of the term “transcultural nursing,”“multicultural nursing” is mostly used in the title of courses. An inconsistency between the title of courses and their content was found. After analyzing the title of courses based on four nursing meta-paradigms, courses related to the environment were most common (41.9%). CONCLUSION: Transcultural nursing education has developed during the last decade. However, teaching methods and course content have not developed enough. Thus, a greater effort is needed to increase awareness of the importance of transcultural nursing education and to develop courses for it.
Accreditation ; Curriculum ; Education* ; Education, Nursing ; Humans ; Nursing Education Research ; Nursing* ; Teaching ; Transcultural Nursing*

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the educational needs of a severe trauma treatment simulation program based on mixed reality which combines element of both virtual reality and augmented reality. Methods: Focus group interviews were conducted with ten military hospital nurses on February 4 and 5, 2021. The collected data were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis. As a framework for data analysis, the educational needs were clustered into the following four categories: teaching contents, teaching methods, teaching evaluation, and teaching environment. Results: The educational needs for each category that emerged were as follows: three subcategories including “realistic education reflecting actual clinical practice” and “motivating education” for teaching contents; five subcategories including “team-based education,” “repeated education that acts as embodied learning,” and “stepwise education” for teaching methods; six subcategories including “debriefing through video conferences,” “team evaluation and evaluator in charge of the team,” “combination of knowledge and practice evaluation” for teaching evaluation; six subcategories including “securing safety,” “similar settings to real clinical environments,” “securing of convenience and accessibility for learners,” and “operating as continuing education” for teaching environment. Conclusion The findings of this study can provide a guide for the development and operation of a severe trauma treatment simulation program based on mixed reality. Moreover, it suggests that research to identify the educational needs of various learners should be conducted.

Purpose: This study is a content analysis to understand the nursing informatics competence of clinical nurses. Methods: Focus group interviews were used to collect data. Two focus group interviews were held with a total of nine clinical nurses. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. Content analysis was used to analyze data. Results: The five main categories of nursing informatics competence that emerged are 1) software program use, 2) use of nursing information, 3) use of information communication technology in nursing, 4) professional responsibilities and ethics, and 5) active attitudes and recognition. Next, there are three strategies to improve nursing informatics competence: 1) organizational approach, 2) opportunity of continuous education, 3) presentation of standards in nursing informatics competence. Conclusion Further studies such as educational program development and evaluation tool development are necessary. Moreover, there is a need to enhance clinical nurses' nursing informatics competence by using the proposed strategies.

Kawasaki disease, an acute febrile vasculitis of unknown etiology, is usually treated with high doses of immunoglobulin (IVIG) and aspirin. However, 20% of children show persistent or recurrent fever despite IVIG, and coronary artery aneurysm progression. In such cases of resistance to IVIG treatment, repeated IVIG administration or the initiation of steroid therapy, and the use of cyclophosphamide have been reported. We aimed to show in this study that methotrexate (MTX) may be used as a treatment for Kawasaki disease resistant to IVIG treatment. We report the case of a 6-year old boy who was admitted at another hospital with an initial complaint of a fever for 5 days and skin rashes for 3 days. The patients fever persisted despite three courses of IVIG (2 gm/kg, 1 gm/kg, 1 gm/kg, respectively) over a 14-day period. On day 14 of his illness he showed a dilated right coronary artery, and on day 19 dexamethasone, at a daily dose of 0.3 mg/kg, was given but this resulted in defervescence. However, upon stopping the dexamethasone treatment, his fever recurred and he was transferred to our hospital. On days 31 and 38 of his illness, IVIG (400 mg/kg for 5 days, twice) was administered and from day 38 onwards the patient was given dexamethasone (0.6 mg/kg, daily) and MTX (10 mg/BSA, once weekly) whereupon his fever subsided and did not recur. On day 48 dexamethasone was replaced with prednisolone, which was subsequently tapered. The patient is now taking MTX and being observed on an outpatient basis. We report the case of a boy with IV-globulin resistant Kawasaki disease, who after repeated infusions of IVIG and steroid therapy showed fever recruuence, which that subsided after MTX treatment.
Case Report ; Child ; Human ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/*therapeutic use ; Male ; Methotrexate/*therapeutic use ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy

PURPOSE: To evaulate the effects of chlorhexidine and H2O2 on matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP-1, TIMP-2), Type 1 collagen, fibronectin and UNCL expressions in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1.2x10(-1)%, 1.2x10(-2)% and 1.2x10(-3)% CHX and 3x10(-3)%, 3x10(-4)% and 3x10(-5)% H2O2 and mixture of CHX and H2O2 were applied to hPDLF for 1 min and 30 min. The mRNA expressions of MMP-1, TIMP-1 and 2, Type 1 collagen, fibronectin and UNCL in hPDLF were analysed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The result were as follows: 1. The expression of UNCL mRNA was higher than that of other mRNAs. 2. 1.2x10(-3) % CHX increased mRNA expressions of hPDLF as application time increased. 3. H2O2 lower than 3x10(-3) % increased expression of UNCL mRNA, and did not decrease mRNA expression of hPDLF. 4. hPDLF treatment with 1.2x10(-1) % CHX (with or without H2O2) resulted in no gene expression. 5. hPDLF treatment with 1.2x10(-2) % CHX (with or without H2O2) for 30 minutes resulted in no gene expression. CONCLUSION: Because low concentration of CHX and H2O2 increased UNCL mRNA expression of hPDLF, low concentraction of CHX and H2O2 may have an antioxidative effect.
Chlorhexidine ; Collagen Type I ; Fibroblasts ; Fibronectins ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; Periodontal Ligament ; RNA, Messenger ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1

BACKGROUND: The yeasts of genus Malassezia are dimorphic and lipophilic and are numbers of the normal flora in humans. Malassezia yeasts are implicated in various diseases, including pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis, seborrheic dermatitis and the systemic fungal infections. OBJECTIVE: The study was done to perform a comprehensive survey of the distribution of Malassezia yeasts on the normal human skin to provide a baseline for a companion study of Malassezia yeasts in patients with various dermatoses. METHODS: Malassezia yeasts were cultured from the clinically normal skin using the scrub-wash technique at four sites in sixty subjects, age range, 11~40 years. Malassezia yeasts were also cultured from the scalp of the same groups using the swabbing technique. The obtained strains were placed into the one of the seven species by their colony morphologies, microscopic morphologies and physiological characteristics. We also examined the relationship between the Malassezia species, age groups and the body sites. RESULTS: An overall positive culture rate was 75% (225/300). A positive culture rate was highest (88%) in the age groups 21~25 and 26~30 and lowest (50%) in the age group 11~15. M. restricta was recovered more frequently from the age groups 21~25 (62%), 26~30 (66%), and 31~35 (54%) and interestingly lowest in the age group 11~15 (40%). In the age group 16~20, M. globosa was the predominant species (42%). For the various age groups, body sites were more related with the kind of Malassezia yeasts and the recovery rate. A positive culture rate was highest from the chest (91%) and lowest from the thigh (60%). From the chest, M. globosa (44%) and M. restricta (35%) was recovered more frequently; from the forehead, M. restricta (75%). CONCLUSION: This study shows that Malassezia yeasts are a major component of the microbial flora of the clinically normal skin of the young adults. The kind of Malassezia species that can be recovered from the human skin varies with the age and the body site. The results of our study replicate and expand on the finding of some of the earliest studies and would be of value to investigate the role of Malassezia yeast in the related diseases.
Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; Folliculitis ; Forehead ; Friends ; Humans ; Malassezia* ; Scalp ; Skin Diseases ; Skin* ; Thigh ; Thorax ; Tinea Versicolor ; Yeasts* ; Young Adult*

No abstract available.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans