PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the degrees of depression and activities of daily living (ADLs), and to identify factors that predict depression in elderly patients. METHODS: The sample was149 patients (80% female; mean age 79.1) from three geriatric hospitals located in small cities and who agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected by staff nurses involved in direct patient care from October to September 2009. The level of depression was measured on a daily basis for seven days using a 13-item scale. Patients' ADLs was measured using a modified 10-item Bathel ADLs scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 17.0. RESULTS: Mean depression score was 10.05+/-4.77 out of 26 points and about 27% was assessed as depressed with more than 13 points. Multiple regression analysis showed that low educational level, absence of spouse and fewer family visits predict depression. In addition, low ADLs and sleep disturbance predict depression. CONCLUSION: Nursing care providers need to be concerned about ADLs of older patients and should develop nursing activity programs to increase their in-hospital physical activities. It is also important care for older patients' sleep and encourages family visits to decrease their depression.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Depression ; Humans ; Motor Activity ; Nursing Care ; Patient Care ; Spouses

No abstract available.
Endometriosis* ; Female

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Breech Presentation* ; Female ; Fetus* ; Pregnancy

BACKGROUND: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) was originally identified as a paroxysm proliferator activated receptor-alpha target gene product and is a hormone involved in metabolic regulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diurnal variation of serum FGF21 concentration in obese and non-obese healthy volunteers. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from five non-obese (body mass index [BMI] < or =23 kg/m2) and five obese (BMI > or =25 kg/m2) healthy young men every 30 to 60 minutes over 24 hours. Serum FGF21 concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. Anthropometric parameters, glucose, free fatty acid, insulin, leptin, and cortisol concentrations were also measured. RESULTS: The serum FGF21 concentrations displayed various individual oscillation patterns. The oscillation frequency ranged between 6 and 12 times per day. The average duration of oscillation was 2.52 hours (range, 1.9 to 3.0 hours). The peaks and troughs of FGF21 oscillation showed no circadian rhythm. However, the oscillation frequency had a diurnal variation and was lower during the light-off period than during the light-on period (2.4 vs. 7.3 times, P<0.001). There was no difference in the total frequency or duration of oscillations between non-obese and obese subjects, but obese individuals had increased numbers of larger oscillations (amplitude > or =0.19 ng/mL). CONCLUSION: Various oscillation patterns in serum FGF21 concentration were observed, and reduced oscillation frequencies were seen during sleep. The oscillation patterns of serum FGF21 concentration suggest that FGF21 may be secreted into systemic circulation in a pulsatile manner. Obesity appeared to affect the amplitude of oscillations of serum FGF21.
Circadian Rhythm ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; Fibroblasts ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Insulin ; Leptin ; Male ; Obesity ; Radioimmunoassay

No abstract available.
Bilirubin* ; Ethiodized Oil ; Fistula* ; Urinalysis

No abstract available.
Carcinosarcoma* ; Lung*

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to estimate gestational age by using FHR parameters after linear and nonlinear analysis of FHR data. Linear spectral decomposition has a limit to describe and analyze the nonlinear and complex physiological nature. Random processing and chaotic analysis assist to quantify some patterned energies, interaction of the physiological system in body system, which the constancy is preserved, and complexity of physical cardiovascular system. But there are no great development of new device which notify fetal age. METHODS: From March 1995 to December 2000, 2,548 cases who received NST during antenatal visit were included in this study. Among these cases, 1000 cases were sampled randomly. We divided this cases into a study and a control group, 500 cases for model building set and the other 500 cases for validation set. Each FHR parameters such as baseline FHR, variability (AMP, MMR), acceleration & deceleration (15 bpm-15 seconds), loss of signal, the number of fetal movement were analysed by using our own computerized HYFM-I, II software system. The linear and non-linear analysis of FHR were done after extracting approximate entropy (ApEn) value. Finally, we performed regression analysis and extract an equation for estimation of gestational weeks using bootstrap method. RESULTS: We extract a following equation using above study method: Log(GA)=5.870-0.051(Sloss*)-0.065(Mean FHR*)+0.049(Mean FHR*)2-0.058(FM*)+0.048(AMP*)2+0.121(A1515*)-0.031(A1515*)2+0.036(ApEn*)2. CONCLUSIONS: Accurate dating of pregnancy, namely gestational week is very important for antenatal diagnosis in the field of perinatal medicine. This study will propose scientific research results which are useful for studying normal and morbid generating physiological fetal condition. We extract an appropriate equation for estimation of gestational weeks only using FHR parameters. We hope to compare our result with other authors' results in the near future.
Acceleration ; Cardiovascular System ; Deceleration ; Entropy ; Female ; Fetal Heart* ; Fetal Movement ; Gestational Age* ; Heart Rate, Fetal* ; Hope ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to estimate gestational age by using FHR parameters after linear and nonlinear analysis of FHR data. Linear spectral decomposition has a limit to describe and analyze the nonlinear and complex physiological nature. Random processing and chaotic analysis assist to quantify some patterned energies, interaction of the physiological system in body system, which the constancy is preserved, and complexity of physical cardiovascular system. But there are no great development of new device which notify fetal age. METHODS: From March 1995 to December 2000, 2,548 cases who received NST during antenatal visit were included in this study. Among these cases, 1000 cases were sampled randomly. We divided this cases into a study and a control group, 500 cases for model building set and the other 500 cases for validation set. Each FHR parameters such as baseline FHR, variability (AMP, MMR), acceleration & deceleration (15 bpm-15 seconds), loss of signal, the number of fetal movement were analysed by using our own computerized HYFM-I, II software system. The linear and non-linear analysis of FHR were done after extracting approximate entropy (ApEn) value. Finally, we performed regression analysis and extract an equation for estimation of gestational weeks using bootstrap method. RESULTS: We extract a following equation using above study method: Log(GA)=5.870-0.051(Sloss*)-0.065(Mean FHR*)+0.049(Mean FHR*)2-0.058(FM*)+0.048(AMP*)2+0.121(A1515*)-0.031(A1515*)2+0.036(ApEn*)2. CONCLUSIONS: Accurate dating of pregnancy, namely gestational week is very important for antenatal diagnosis in the field of perinatal medicine. This study will propose scientific research results which are useful for studying normal and morbid generating physiological fetal condition. We extract an appropriate equation for estimation of gestational weeks only using FHR parameters. We hope to compare our result with other authors' results in the near future.
Acceleration ; Cardiovascular System ; Deceleration ; Entropy ; Female ; Fetal Heart* ; Fetal Movement ; Gestational Age* ; Heart Rate, Fetal* ; Hope ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The closure of nasal septal perforation is a significant surgical challenge with high failure rates. Acellular human dermal graft (Alloderm) placed between mucoperichondrial advancement flaps may be an alternative. The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of Alloderm for the repair of nasal septal perforation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven consecutive patients with septal perforation who received the septal perforation repair with Alloderm were included in this study. The causes of septal perforations were previous nasal surgeries, trauma, chemical irritation, inflammation, or unknown. Follow-up periods ranged from 7 to 36 months. RESULTS: Six of seven patients had successful outcomes with complete closure of their perforations. The remaining one patient had an incomplete closure, but the size of the performation was reduced with no further symptoms. CONCLUSION: AIloderm can be used as a connective tissue and interpositional grafts in the repair of septal perforations with high success rates. Therefore, Alloderm is the viable alternative for the closure of nasal septal perforations.
Connective Tissue ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Nasal Septal Perforation ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; Transplants