No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Mcdonald's cerclage and postoperative care on perinatal outcome in patient with incompetent cervix and bulging fetal membranes. METHODS: In the descriptive study, the charts of 78 patients admitted from 1993 to 1997 with a diagnosis of incompetent cervix and cervical dilatation (3cm) were reviewed, Mcdonald's cerclage rate, predisposing factor, fetal salvage by time, factors of falled operation, delivery type were analyzed. RESULTS: The results of the study were as follows; The incidence of II OC was 0.4% of 18702 case, the mean age was 31.9 years old, the average number of gravida was 2.9, the fetal salvage rate was 83.3%, the predisposing factor was previous history of midtrimester termination(56.4%), dilation and curettage(19.2%), unknown(14.1%) etc, the fetal salvage by time was the highest success rate(88.9%) revealed with period from 14th to 16th weeks of gestation, the factors of falled operation were preterm labor(76.9%), PROM(15.4%), infection(7.7%), and delivery type was vaginal delivery in 36 case(55.4%), cesarean section in 29 case(44.6%). CONCLUSION: We concluded that fetal salvage rate was greatly increased when Mcdonald operation was done from 14th to 16th week of gestation if midtrimester abortion and dilatation and curettage were experienced, Even though we have not compared experimental group with control group, upper part of Mcdonald cerclage, no exposure of suture material, benzol conium dressing, bed rest were increased to fetal salvage rate.
Bandages ; Bed Rest ; Benzene ; Causality ; Cervix Uteri* ; Cesarean Section ; Conium ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation and Curettage ; Extraembryonic Membranes ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Labor Stage, First ; Postoperative Care ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Sutures ; Uterine Cervical Incompetence

The present study was designed to compare the nutritional status of hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Subjects were 58 HD patients (male/female = 29/29) and 33 CAPD patients (male/female=23/10) undergoing dialysis treatment in Artificial Kidney Unit of Chonbuk National University Hospital. For nutritional assessment, %IBW (ideal body weight), %TSF (tricep skin fold), %MAC (mid arm circumference), %MAMC (mid arm muscle circumference), serum albumin, serum transferrin, TLC (total lymphocyte count), SGA (subjective global assessment) and estimated energy and protein intakes by 1-month food frequency method were used. Between HD and CAPD group, mean age (50+/-12 vs. 52+/-12 yr), dialysis durations (37+/-36 vs. 30+/-26 mon), dietary energy intakes (28.3+/-9.0 vs. 28.8+/-8.6 kcal/kg/day), dietary protein intakes (1.1+/-0.4 vs. 1.2+/-0.3 g/kg/day) and incidence of co-morbid conditions (69.0% vs. 69.7%) were not significantly different. Data by using SGA showed a higher incidence of malnutrition in CAPD patients (45.6%) than in HD patients (36.2%). %IBW (p<0.001), %TSF (p<0.001) and %MAC (p<0.001) were higher in CAPD patients than were in HD patients. But serum albumin (p<0.001) and transferrin (p<0.001) were significantly lower in CAPD patients than were in HD patients. A higher incidence of malnutrition was shown in CAPD Patients than in HD Patients due to different dialysis type. A significant finding was that CAPD showed protein deficient malnutrition and HD did calorie deficient malnutrition. It suggests that an adequate dietary intake considering dialysis type prevents a prevalence of malnutrition.
Arm ; Dialysis ; Dietary Proteins ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollabuk-do* ; Kidneys, Artificial ; Lymphocytes ; Malnutrition ; Nutrition Assessment ; Nutritional Status* ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory ; Prevalence ; Renal Dialysis* ; Serum Albumin ; Skin ; Transferrin

The roentgenograms following arthroscopic ACL reconstruction show the enlargement of bone tunnels. Many authors hypothesized the cause of the tunnel enlargement, either mechanical or biological causes. The purpose of this study was to find the factors which affected the enlargement of the tibial tunnel following arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone or hamstring tendon. Sixty patients were reviewed retrospectively for radiographic measurement of tibial tunnel at post-operative one year (27 patients received bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft, 12 patients received bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft and Kennedy LAD-ligament augmentation device, 21 patients received Semitendinosus and Gracilis tendons with Endobutton). Roentgenographic anteroposterior and lateral films were checked and the tunnel was measured by two independent observers using a digital caliper. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test. The tibial tunnel enlargement was only related to the position of the fixation of the tibial tunnel. We concluded that tibial tunnel enlargement following arthroscopic ACL reconstruction is attributed to the mechanical effect rather than the properties of grafts and the clinical results.
Autografts ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tendons ; Transplants

In anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient knee, several treatment methods were recommended. Recently, arthroscopic reconstruction is widely used as the best treatment method. As the graft materials, bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPB) unit is a gold standard material. Whereas, it has many problems. The purpose of this study was to introduce the new arthroscopic ACL reconstruction technique with quadrupled semitendinosus tendon and Endobutton and to evaluate its results. Twenty one patients were prospectively reviewed after ACL reconstruction with quadrupled semitendinosus tendon and Endobutton at one year post-operation. The surgery was performed in the series of graft tendon harvest, graft preparation, tunnel drilling and Endobutton fixation. The outcomes showed improved knee functions. Endobutton technique with quadrupled semitendinosus tendon is useful method for the arthroscopic ACL reconstruction. Stability and functional outcomes were similar to those with patellar tendon but it showed less donor site morbidity, less pitfall of fixation and simple procedure.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Humans ; Knee ; Patellar Ligament ; Prospective Studies ; Tendons* ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

Controversies about the posterior cruciate ligament continue with regards to total knee arthroplasty. There has been a long debate regarding PLC and its importance seems to be overrated in total knee arthroplasty. Twenty four patients had twenty six total knee replacements with insertion of the PCL substituting Press Fit Condylar modular total knee system with cement, and they were enrolled in a prospective study to assess the clinicoradiological results and measure the femoral roll-back postoperatively. Follow-up ranged from twenty four months to fifty months with an average of thirty two months. The mean HSS score was 92.1 points and the mean range of motion was 122.7 degrees. Twenty five cases(96.1%) showed excellent and good clinical results. The radiologic evaluation based on Knee Society roentgenographic system revealed proper alignment of all components and one significant radiolucent area. The mean femoral roll-back was 2.3mm posteriorly. In the present series, total knee arthroplasties with the Press Fit Condylar modular knee system resulted in excellent relief of pain, excellent range of motion and restoration of function.
Arthroplasty* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Prospective Studies ; Range of Motion, Articular

Kallmann's syndrome is characterized by hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism resulting from insufficient release of GnRH and associated with anosmia or hyposmia, which has been related to agenesis of olfactory bulbs. We experienced a case of 17 year-old Kallmann's syndrome woman and a case of successful pregnancy of 29 year-old Kallmann's syndrome woman with hMG and hCG treatment and present two cases with a review of literatures.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Kallmann Syndrome* ; Olfaction Disorders ; Olfactory Bulb ; Pregnancy*

OBJECTIVE: Recently, the incidence of elderly primipara is increasing. Thus, impact of old age on pregnancy outcomes became important. Our purpose was to assess the effect of maternal age on pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: 73 cases of the elderly primipara over 35 years at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Chon-ju presbyterian medical center, from Jan. 1, 1995 to Dec. 31, 1998, were compared with 73 cases randomly chosen young primiparas during same period. RESULTS: Elderly primipara had higher rate of infertility and spontaneous abortion history, antenatal complications, cesarean section, poorer neonatal outcome than young primipara. CONCLUSION: The pregnancy outcome of elderly primipara is considered to be less favorable than those of young primipara. Careful antenatal and intrapartal care should be performed for the elderly primipara. We think that many clinical study of congenital anomaly in elderly primipara will be necessary.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Aged* ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infertility ; Jeollabuk-do ; Maternal Age ; Obstetrics ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy* ; Protestantism ; Statistics as Topic*

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to determine the levels of quality of life (QOL) according to the grade of long-term care service for the elderly people who were admitted from long-term care insurance, and to reveal its association with the physical and mental functioning such as the Activity of Daily Living (ADL), the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Mini-Mental State Examination-Korean version (MMSE-K). METHODS: The interviews were performed during the period from March 1 to May 31, 2009, for 958 elderly people in urban and rural areas. The questionnaire items included various indices such as the ADL, IADL, CES-D, and MMSE-K, as independent variables and the index of QOL, as the dependent ones. For statistical analysis, t-tests were used for the mean scores of QOL according to gender and the grade of long-term care services, and Spearman's correlation was used for each variable. The effects of physical and mental functioning for QOL were assessed by covariance structure analysis. The statistical significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: The mean scores of QOL among all the subjects was 55.4 +/- 15.62 (Grade I: 49.7 +/- 14.17, Grade II: 56.8 +/- 14.62, Grade III: 59.4+/-16.36), and it was lower according to the higher grade of long-term care insurance. In terms of the correlation matrix of the QOL and the physical and mental function factors, the QOL showed positive correlation with the ADL, IADL and MMSE-K, while it had negative correlation with depression. On the analysis of covariance, mental functioning (depression and the MMSE-K) had a greater influence on the level of QOL than the physical functioning (ADL and IADL). CONCLUSIONS: The level of the QOL in the elderly people who were admitted from long-term care insurance was lower according to higher the grade of long-term care insurance. Also, the mental functioning (depression and MMSE-K) was more influential on the level of the QOL than the physical functioning (ADL and IADL).
Activities of Daily Living/psychology ; Aged ; Depression/psychology ; Female ; *Health Status ; Humans ; Insurance, Long-Term Care/*statistics & numerical data ; Long-Term Care/*psychology/*statistics & numerical data ; Male ; *Mental Health ; Quality of Life/*psychology ; Residence Characteristics ; Socioeconomic Factors

OBJECTIVES: The differentiation of tuberculous effusion from the other causes of exudative pleural effusion remained difficult even with aids of biochemical analyses and pleural biopsy. As the pathophysiology of tuberculous pleural effusion is an enhanced cell mediated immunity, Adenosine deaminase(ADA) and various cytokines including Inteferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) are considered as useful diagnostic tools in differentiating exudative pleural effusion The author would like to demonstrate the diagnostic usefulness of TNF-α in the differentiation of exudative pleural effusion, and compared the discriminating ability of TNF-α with ADA. METHODS: Pleural fluids obtained from 80 patients (tuberculous : 39, malignant : 31, parapneumonic : 10) with exudate pleural effusions were processed for cell counts and biochemical analysis including ADA and TNF-α RESULTS: Tuberculous pleural fluid showed higher levee of ADA and TNF-α, 48.7α 32.7U/L and 184.1±214.2pg/mL than that of non-tuberculous effusion 26.0α41.3U/L and 44.1α114.2pg/mL, respectively (ADA, TNF-α : p<0.05, p<0.01). Receiver operating characteristics(ROC) curves were generated for ADA and TNF-α, and the best cut-off value for adenosine deaminase and TNF-α were considered as 30U/L and 15pg/ml, respectively. Comparing the area under the ROC curves, there was no significant difference between ADA and TNF-α CONCLUSION: For the differential diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion from the other causes of exudative pleural effusions, TNF-α as well as ADA was considered as useful diagnostic method. However adding TNF-α to ADA has no further diagnotic benefit than ADA alone.
Adenosine ; Adenosine Deaminase ; Biopsy ; Cell Count ; Cytokines ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Exudates and Transudates ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Pleural Effusion* ; ROC Curve ; Tuberculosis ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*