Authors investigated the possible role of intravascular hypercoagulable states on the etiology of Kegg-Clave-Perthes diesease. Forty-five patients with Legg-Clave-Perthes disease(31 avascular stages and 14 reossification stages) and twenty-two normal control patients were subjected to study for evaluation of coagulation and fibrinolysis system by means of the tests which included antiphospholipid antibody(APA), Protein C, Protein S and antithrombin- III (AT- III) for evaluation of coagulation system, and tissue type PIasminogen activator(tPA), Plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI), D-dimer for fibrinolytic system. APA increased significantly in Legg-Clave-Perthes patients(p=0.016) as compared with control group, while Protein C(p=0.040) and Protein S(P=0.0001) decreased significantly in Legg-Clave- Perthes disease. AT- III increased in Legg-Clave-Perthes disease(p=0.0000). In contrast, there were no statistically significant differences in PAI, tPA, D-dimer between the Legg-Clave-Perthes disease and control group. There were no differences in all parameters between the avascular stage and reossification stage in patients with Legg-Clave-Perthes disease, Suggestive of possible inherent effect in coagulation system(hypercoagulable states) which does not change with time. Based on the above findings authors presumed that hypercoagulable state may contribute to the development of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. However, to elucidate the etiology of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, further extensive investigation should be followed, which include the familial tendency of hypercoagulable state, relationship with other multifactorial causes such as alcohol and steroids, and confirmation of intravascular thrombosis or decreased blood perfusion in the femoral head. Also, the significance of abnormally elevated AT-III on the disease should be answered.
Fibrinolysis ; Head ; Humans ; Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease ; Perfusion ; Plasminogen Activators ; Protein C ; Protein S ; Steroids ; Thrombosis

Efficacy of praziquantel (Cesocide injection) by intramuscular (I.M.) route against cestode infections was evaluated. Total 93 domestic or laboratory animals such as dogs, cats, rats, mice, goats, deers and chickens were used. Animals were infected with Dipylidium caninum, Spirometra sp., Taenia pisiformis, Taenia taeniaeformis, Hymenolepis nana, Moniezia expansa, Moniezia sp. or Raillietina sp. A single dose of praziquantel, 6 mg/kg of body weight, was highly effective (97.9%) against cestodes of various kinds disregarding the host species or their intensity of infection. At high dose above 6 mg/kg, the cure rate was 100%. All the cestodes treated were expelled from the host within 48 hours. The discharged proglottids were damaged severely except Hymenolepis nana and Moniezia expansa. Intramuscular injection of this drug evoked a brief pain response in a dog, but no other side reactions were observed.
parasitology-helminth-cestoda ; Dipylidium caninum ; Spirometra sp. ; Taenia pisiformis ; Taenia taeniaeformis ; Hymenolepis nana ; Moniezia expansa ; Moniezia sp. ; Raillietina sp. ; dog ; cat ; rat ; mouse ; goat ; deer ; chicken ; chemotherapy ; praziquantel ; intramuscular injection ; animals ; tapeworms ; cestodes

Although Soft tissue contrast and direct multiplanar imaging capability of MRI are well recognized, myelo Been the imaging modality of choice in evaluationg cervical root injury. We assessed the role of M compared its diagnostic accuracy with myelography in the evaluation of cervical root injury. MR finding Root injury in ten patients (55 roots) were retrospectively reviewed. In 26 explored roots (6 patin Frndings were compared with myelography and surgical results. In 29 roots (8 patients), which were By myelography or exploration, the MR findings were focal extraudral CSF collections (pseudomem In 21/29(72.4%, 8 patients), thickening of extradural roots in 4/29 (13.6%, 5 patients), and thickern Darn in 12/29 (41.4%, 6 patients) roots. T2-weighted axial image was superior to Tl weighted and Density-weighted images for delineationg root avulsion. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI were 7 93.3% respectively, while those of myelography were 83% and 90%. Overall diagnostic accuracy of Myelography were comparable (84.6% vs 87.5%). In conclusion, myelography is still considered as the Of choice in the preoperative evaluation of the cervical root avulsion because of its higher sensi, however, may obviate the myelography with some technical refinements.
Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Myelography ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Although Soft tissue contrast and direct multiplanar imaging capability of MRI are well recognized, myelo Been the imaging modality of choice in evaluationg cervical root injury. We assessed the role of M compared its diagnostic accuracy with myelography in the evaluation of cervical root injury. MR finding Root injury in ten patients (55 roots) were retrospectively reviewed. In 26 explored roots (6 patin Frndings were compared with myelography and surgical results. In 29 roots (8 patients), which were By myelography or exploration, the MR findings were focal extraudral CSF collections (pseudomem In 21/29(72.4%, 8 patients), thickening of extradural roots in 4/29 (13.6%, 5 patients), and thickern Darn in 12/29 (41.4%, 6 patients) roots. T2-weighted axial image was superior to Tl weighted and Density-weighted images for delineationg root avulsion. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI were 7 93.3% respectively, while those of myelography were 83% and 90%. Overall diagnostic accuracy of Myelography were comparable (84.6% vs 87.5%). In conclusion, myelography is still considered as the Of choice in the preoperative evaluation of the cervical root avulsion because of its higher sensi, however, may obviate the myelography with some technical refinements.
Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Myelography ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

About a third of the patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis have reduced arterial oxygen saturation and are sometimes cyanosed in the absence of any apparent lung or heart disease; There is a reduction of diffusing capacity without a restrictive ventilatory defect. The aim of this study was to determine diffusing capacities in patients with chronic liver- diseases. The diffusing capacities and arterial oxygen saturations were measured in 25 patients with chronic active hepatitis(CAH), 9 early cirrhotics (early LC), 36 cirrhotics(Child's class A) and 11 cirrhotics(Child's class B). The anterior tibial area was observed for pitting edema, and Thallium-201 test per rectum(shunt index) was done. Hypoxemia was not observed in all subjects. The number of cases with decreased pulmonary diffusing capacity (DLco) is 3/25(12.0%) for CAH, 3/9(33.3%) for CAH with early liver cirrhosis(LC), 17/36(47.2%) for LC(Child's class A) and 6/11(54.5%) for LC(Child's class B). The mean+/-standard deviation of Dlco(% predicred) are 93.1+/-12.1 for CAH, 85.7+/-12.3 for CAH with early LC, 82.2+/-14.7 for LC(Child's class A) and 80.4+/-6.9 for LC(Child's class B), There is a significant difference between DLco in CAH and that in LC(Child's class A)(p<0.01). Patients with higher shunt index(>0.3) had significantly lower DLco than these with lower shunt index(<0.3)(76.4+/-9.7% vs. 89.3+/-13.3%)(p<0.01). The DLco was also lower in patients with pitting edema(77.3+/-10.2%) than in those without pitting edema(85.5+/-13.8%) (p<0.01). These results summarized that the DLco was low in patients with cirrhosis and with higher shunt index(>0.3) or pitting edema. This may be due to an increased systemic blood flow shunt and an increased generalized interstitial edema. Pulmonary function tests including diffusing capacity may be useful as prognostic parameters in patients with chronic liver disease, especially in those with CAH or early LC.
Anoxia ; Edema ; Fibrosis ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver Diseases ; Liver* ; Lung ; Oxygen ; Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity* ; Respiratory Function Tests

No abstract available.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Korea*

PURPOSE: Insulin resistance is the most important risk factor linked to the development of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases in childhood and adolescent obesity, The purpose of this study was to see whether insulin resistance of obese adolescent is higher than that of obese children. and to analyze gender difference and affecting factors of insulin resistance. METHODS: Of the 9, 837 school children from 5 to 16 tears old, 92 obese children and 187 adolescent, underwent a two-hour oral glucose tolerance test and plasma glucose, insulin, lipid profiles, leptin and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measure. RESULTS: Plasma insulin levels of female were higher compared to those of males during oral glucose tolerance test (P< 0.05). Four (4.3%) in obese children and twenty five (13.3%) in obese adolescents met the criteria of IGT. Female, leptin, adiponectin and triglyceride concentrations were strongly correlated with homeostatic model assessment insulin-resistance (HOMA-IR) by multiple linear regression analysis (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: Obese adolescents might have higher insulin concentrations compared to obese children and obese girls higher insulin concentrations than obese boys. Obese boys and children with impaired glucose tolerance have higher insulin concentrations than those with normal glucose tolerance. HOMA-IR was significantly correlated with female, plasma leptin, adiponectin and triglyceride concentrations.
Adiponectin ; Adolescent* ; Blood Glucose ; C-Reactive Protein ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Child* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Glucose ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance* ; Insulin* ; Leptin ; Linear Models ; Male ; Pediatric Obesity ; Plasma ; Risk Factors ; Triglycerides

Stickler syndrome is a progressive, hereditary disorder of connective tissue caused by mutations in different collagen genes. It is characterized by distinctive ocular, auditory, skeletal and oro-facial abnormalities and associated with long-term respiratory, nutritional, and developmental difficulties. Therefore, early detection and early treatment of Stickler syndrome is very important. We reported a case of Stickler syndrome in a newborn with family history and COL2A1 gene mutation.
Collagen ; Connective Tissue ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

Intramural pregnancy implanting in the previous cesarean section scar is one of the rarest form of an ectopic pregnancy and probably the most dangerous form because of its risk of rupture and hemorrhage. For its sonographic diagnosis, the gestational sac should be in the anterior wall of uterine isthmic portion, there should be no myometrium between bladder and gestational sac, and it should be verified that uterine cavity and cervix should be isolated from gestational sac. For young patients who wish to maintain their fertility, an earlier diagnosis and more conservative treatment are desirable. We have recently experienced a case of intramural pregnancy implanting in the scar of cesarean section, treated with systemic methotrexate injection. So, we report this case with a brief review of the literature.
Animals ; Cervix Uteri ; Cesarean Section* ; Cicatrix* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fertility ; Gestational Sac ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Methotrexate* ; Mice ; Myometrium* ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Rupture ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder

BACKGROUND: Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in immune reactions. This study was designed to identify the distribution patterns of DCs and regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in cutaneous lymphomas. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to determine langerin expression on Langerhans cells, CD11b on inflammatory DCs, CD209 and CD11c on dermal DCs, CD303 on plasmacytic DCs, and Foxp3 on Tregs in 81 cases of cutaneous lymphomas. RESULTS: Various DCs and Tregs were identified in most cutaneous lymphomas. Plasmacytic DCs, inflammatory DCs and Tregs were identified mainly in tumor areas, whereas dermal DCs were distributed both in the tumor and stromal areas. Among DCs, dermal DCs were most prominently identified in the cutaneous lymphomas not only in the tumor area but also in the stroma. The intense stromal infiltration of dermal DCs was consistent finding in T-cell lymphomas. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), not otherwise specified also showed intense stromal infiltration of dermal DCs, but stromal infiltration in DLBCL, leg type was relatively scant. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that all types of DCs and Tregs are involved in cutaneous lymphoma tumor immunity. Among them dermal DCs may play a dominant role.
Dendritic Cells ; Immunohistochemistry ; Langerhans Cells ; Leg ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory