We present a case of pemphigus vulgaris developed during pregnancy. The clinical features of this patient were similar to those of hetpes gestationis. By immunofluorescence studies we found that the patient's serum contained autoantibodies to intercellular substance of epidermis. Direct immunofluorescence microscopy of a perilesional skin also demontrated immunoglobulin deposition in the intercellular areas. Additionally we did in vitro C3 staining for further confirmation of the diagnosis but it was negative in basement membrane zone. This patient was initially treated with corticosteroid and azathioprine. Several months later gold compound was given instead of azathioprine and corticosteroid with good therapeutic response.
Autoantibodies ; Azathioprine ; Basement Membrane ; Diagnosis ; Epidermis ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Microscopy ; Pemphigus* ; Pregnancy* ; Skin

The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphologic changes of the bile canaliculi and its associated structures of the liver induced by common bile duct ligation(CBDL) in the rat. The canalicular surface and lateral surface of the dry-fractured hepatocytes was studied with scanning electron microscopy at 1~6 weeks post ligation. The first week after CBDL, the bile canaliculi were dilated. The microvilli were increased in number and the lumens contained granular materials After 2 weeks or more, the bile canaliculi were dilated to a variable degree, and with irregularity, measuring from 1.5 to 5 micrometer in diameter, and in the advanced stage, the canaliculi showed blunting and the disappearance of microvilli. Some canaliculi had sprouting side branches. At 4~6 weeks post-ligation, the lateral surface of the hepatocytes also showed some irregularity and a tortuous appearance, and numerous small sized microvillous projections were formed. The tubular structures of the proliferated SER distributed adjacent to the lateral surface of the hepatocytes, and the direct connection of a tubular structure and the cytoplasmic membrane was observed. These results suggest that the deformity and loss of microvilli of bile canaliculi reflect the disturbance of bile secretion from the hepatocytes. And prolonged obstruction of bile flow may result in bile excretion via the lateral surface of hepatocytes.
Rats ; Animals

A wide range of denomination has been used for inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). IMT is not entirely homogeneous, even though it shows some overlapping histologic features such as haphazard proliferation of spindle cell and polymorphic chronic inflammatory cell infiltraion. The spindle cell is considered to be of myofibroblastic origin but follicular dendritic cell origin was reported recently. IMT is known as nonneoplastic, aberrant inflammatory response. However, IMT could show local invasion, recurrence, vascular invasion, and malignant transformation, and clonal characteristics and aneuploidy of IMT support the hypothesis that IMT may be a neoplastic process. In order to define the nature of spindle cell of IMT, immunohistochemical stains for smooth muscle actin (SMA), vimentin (VMT), lysozyme, S-100 protein, cytokeratin, CD21 were done. Additional immunohistochemical stains for MIB-1 for proliferating activity and LMP (latent membrane protein) for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were done. IMTs were composed of each 2 cases from lung, liver and lymph node and one case from common bile duct, maxillary sinus, bladder and thigh, and were histologically subclassified according to Coffin et al. Nine cases (90%) were positive for SMA and VMT, but no correlation between SMA and VMT immunoreactivity and histologic types was identified. Five cases (50%) were positive for lysozyme and S-100 protein, and histologic type III was negative for lysozyme and S-100 protein, and immunoreactivity for S-100 protein was different according to the histologic subtypes. All 11 cases were negative for CD21 and EBV LMP. MIB-1 labelling index was less than 1% in all cases. In summary, the spindle cell is regarded as myofibroblastic origin rather than follicular dendritic cell origin. Relationship with EBV is not clear, and negligible MIB-1 reaction suggests that IMT might have a good prognosis.
Actins ; Aneuploidy ; Coloring Agents ; Common Bile Duct ; Dendritic Cells, Follicular ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins ; Liver ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Maxillary Sinus ; Membranes ; Muramidase ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myofibroblasts* ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; S100 Proteins ; Thigh ; Urinary Bladder ; Vimentin

No abstract available.
Animals ; Chorionic Gonadotropin* ; Humans* ; Mice* ; Uterus*

OBJECTIVES: Electronic detailing (e-detailing), the use of electronic devices to facilitate sales presentations to physicians, has been adopted and expanded in the pharmaceutical industry. To maximize the potential outcome of e-detailing, it is important to understand medical representatives (MRs)' behavior and attitude to e-detailing. This study investigates how information technology devices such as laptop computers and tablet PCs are utilized in pharmaceutical marketing, and it analyzes the factors influencing MRs' intention to use devices. METHODS: This study has adopted and modified the theory of Roger's diffusion of innovation model and the technology acceptance model. To test the model empirically, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 221 MRs who were working in three multinational or eleven domestic pharmaceutical companies in Korea. RESULTS: Overall, 28% and 35% of MRs experienced using laptop computers and tablet PCs in pharmaceutical marketing, respectively. However, the rates were different across different groups of MRs, categorized by age, education level, position, and career. The results showed that MRs' intention to use information technology devices was significantly influenced by perceived usefulness in general. Perceived ease of use, organizational and individual innovativeness, and several MR characteristics were also found to have significant impacts. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides timely information about e-detailing devices to marketing managers and policy makers in the pharmaceutical industry for successful marketing strategy development by understanding the needs of MRs' intention to use information technology. Further in-depth study should be conducted to understand obstacles and limitations and to improve the strategies for better marketing tools.
Administrative Personnel ; Commerce ; Diffusion of Innovation ; Drug Industry ; Education ; Humans ; Intention* ; Korea ; Marketing*

Adenocarcionma of fetal type is in lung is a newly recognized malignant tumor sharing morphologic features with the epithelial component of the pulmonary blastoma devoid of sarcomatous component. We present a case of adenocarcinoma of fetal type in a 28-year-old female, consisting of numerous branching tubules or glands and morula-like epithelial complexes. Histologically, the tubules and glands were composed of glycogne-rich nonciliated epithelial cells showing in part argyrophilia. Some of tubular and morula-like epithelial cells revealed immunoreactivity for neuron-specific enolase. We report this case with a review of literatures with special references on the histogenisis. This report is the pathologically confirmed second case of the pulmonary adenocarcinoma of fetal type in Korea, following the report of Cho and Lee, 1990.
Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma

The predictive parameters for effect of ESWL have been considered by stone size, locations, chemical composition and hydronephrosis, etc. However, there are several questions that ""how much shock wave will be needed for completely removal of stone and how can we predict effect of ESWL in some patients with renal stone?"" Therefore we have measured bone mineral density (BMD) and stone mineral density(SMD) as a predictive parameter for the effect of ESWL in patient with renal stone. As results, The storages of ESWL for complete response were correlated with the sizes (p<0.01, r=0.740) and the stone mineral density (p<0.01, r=0.852). Stone mineral density was variable even same size stones and the requirement of shock wave for complete response in 1.00-1.99 cm sized stones was correlated with SMD. (p<0.01, r=0.795 ). From this study, the measurement of SMD may be the objective and predictive parameter for effect of ESWL in patient with renal stone.
Bone Density ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Shock

We present 6 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had papulosquamous skin lesions. These skin lesions were consistent with the findings of subacute cutaenous lupus erythematosus(SCLE) clinically and histopathologically. The. distribution of the skin lesions were on the face, upper extremities and upper trunk in one group, and the upper and lower extremities in other group of these patients. After confirmation of the skin lesions as a type of SCLE, they were regressed with anti-malarial and/or systemic corticosteroids, within 2 months in all patients. For the better management of the patient with lupus erythematosus, understanding of clinically distinct LE-specific skin lesions, including the papulosquamous cuta-neous manifestation of SCLE, may be necessary.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Skin* ; Upper Extremity

This study aimed to investigate the medically inclined college students' knowledge, attitude, and compliance on the preventive behaviors of the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). A cross-sectional study was conducted on 251 medically inclined college students in Jeonju Kijeon College from June 8 to 13, 2015, using a scale on the knowledge and attitude toward MERS and a structured questionnaire. The t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. The participants consisted of 46.6% college students majoring in dental hygiene, 30.7% in clinical pathology, and 22.7% in emergency rescue, and 69.7% of them had been educated on MERS prevention. This study revealed that students who received MERS prevention training (t=3.457, p=0.001) and female students (t=−2.945, p=0.005) had more knowledge on MERS, while students from the dental hygiene department (F=8.048, p<0.001) and those in their third year (F=3.978, p=0.020) showed a more positive attitude toward MERS. Regarding the correlation between knowledge, attitude, fear of infection and compliance on the preventive behaviors, students were more knowledgeable (r=0.133, p=0.036), presented a more positive attitude (r=0.158, p=0.012) and had more fear of infection (r=0.312, p<0.001), were more likely to comply with the preventive measures. For an effective prevention of MERS, a newly found infectious disease, we suggest that medically inclined college students must improve their knowledge of and have a positive attitude toward MERS infection management at a medical institution in compliance with the MERS infection preventive behaviors. Furthermore, this study shows that an infection management education program should be developed, so that which students could learn about the causes, dissemination routes, and preventive methods of infectious diseases, including the newly discovered ones, prior to their clinical training at a medical institution.
Communicable Diseases ; Compliance* ; Coronavirus Infections* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Middle East* ; Oral Hygiene ; Pathology, Clinical

BACKGROUND: Bronchofiberscopy is a procedure with a chance of airway irritation and it may cause pathophysiologic changes of respiratory system. So we tried to evaluate the influence of bronchofibercopy on O2 saturation, ABGA and PET by patient's basal status and procedure type. METHOD: O2 saturation was measured every 1 minute from the left index finger tip with percutaneous oximetry. ABGA was done before and right after the bronchofiberscopy and PFT was done before and within 10 minutes after the bronchofiberscopy. RESULTS: The mean time for bronehofiberscopy procedure was 14.5mim and SaO2 maximally fall to 89.0 below 8% of the baseline after mean time of 8.4mm, which was recorvered at the end of the procedure. SaO2 change amount was 8.4% on Non-O2 supply group, which was lower compared to 6.4% of the O2-supply group without statistically significance. Biopsy Group and BAL group showed more SaO2 fall than washing only group. The level of PaO2 and FEV1 of the patient didn's influence significantly on SaO2 fall during the procedure. ABGA taken before and after the bronchofiberscopy showed mild fall of Pa02 and mild rise of PaCO2. Whereas PET showed decrease of FEV1(P<0.05) and increase of RV without changes in airway resistance and pulmonary diffusion capacity. Comparing before and after the bronchofiberscopy, the washing group showed no significant changes on PET, while the biopsy group and the BAL group showed increase of RV & decrease of FEV1 after the bronchofiberscopy. BAL group showed more changing tendency rather than biopsy group although not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Bronchofiberscopy is considered as a relatively safe procedure, but it would be better to be done with O2 supply especially in the patient with low PaO2 and in the case of biopsy and BAL
Airway Resistance ; Biopsy ; Diffusion ; Fingers ; Humans ; Oximetry ; Respiratory System