PURPOSE:To describe the features of displaced bucket-handle tears of the menisci on magnetic resonance (MR) images and to assess associated knee injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed coronal and sagittal MR images in 21 bucket-handle tears. The subjects were patients who had underwent preoperative MR evaluations of the knee and were identified from the arthroscopic surgical records as bucket-handle tear. We also described patterns of associated injuries. RESULTS:On coronal MR images, (a) in all cases, peripheral portion of the meniscus(bucket) had the appearance of a truncated or altered wedge;(b) central fragments(handle) were observed to be sitting in the intercondylar notch(16 cases) or located between the fernoral condyle and tibial plateau (5 cases). On sequential sagittal MR images, (c) the bow-tie appearance of the body of the meniscus was not seen (13 cases);(d) the bow-tie appearance of the displaced inner fragment was seen at the intercondylar notch level (9 cases);(e) "double posterior cruciate ligament" sign was presented (7 cases). Associated joint abnormalities included anterior cruciate ligament tears(l 1), contralateral meniscal tears(l 1), posterior cruciate ligament tears(3), medial collateral ligament tears(3), osteoarthritis(1), and Baker's cyst(l). CONCLUSION:Awareness of these characteristic MR findings(a-e) may increase the sensitivity of MR imaging in the diagnosis of displaced bucket-handle tears, and the MRI may be helpful to correctly characterize the displaced fragment and patterns of associated injury, providing arthroscopists a guide to appropriate surgical plans.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Collateral Ligaments ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Injuries ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Because Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most frequent etiological agent in sexually transmitted diseases, accurate diagnostic methods are essential. The enzyme-linked fluorescence assay and Papanicolaou smear were evaluated for detection of C. trachomatis in patients with vaginitis. METHODS: Endocervical swabs from 78 women with symptoms of vaginal discharge, itching or lower abdominal pain in the obstetrics/gynecology department of Gyeongsang National University Hospital were tested by Vidas Chlamydia assay. Slides were stained with Papanicolaou and Giemsa stain to demonstrate inclusion body. RESULTS: Five (6.4%) of 78 endocervical specimens were positive by Vidas Chlamydia assay. Only one case was positve for C. trachomatis with Papanicolaou stain. We could not detect any C. trachomatis by Giemsa stain. CONCLUSION: The Vidas Chlamydia test allows sensitive and high-volume testing for chlamydiae and could be useful for the diagnosis of infection with C. trachomatis in patients with vaginitis and pelvic inflammatory disease.
Abdominal Pain ; Azure Stains ; Chlamydia trachomatis* ; Chlamydia* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies ; Papanicolaou Test ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Pruritus ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Vaginal Discharge ; Vaginitis

No abstract available.
Porphyromonas gingivalis* ; Porphyromonas* ; Virulence*

Delayed-onset continuous bruxism due to brain stem infarction has not yet been reported. A 49-year old man presented with quadriplegia and ophthalmoplegia. Brain MRI showed acute infarction in the bilateral midbrain, right thalamus and the superior cerebellum. One month later, the patient developed bruxism which persisted during sleep. A palatal myoclonus was not observed. Follow up MRI taken 4 months later showed bilateral olivary hypertrophy. We suggest that the patient's bruxism may be related to the olivary hypertrophy. The bruxism generator may be located in the pontine-reticular-formation (PRF). Bilateral large midbrain lesions interrupting the cortical inhibition may have produced bilateral olivary hypertrophy, which could stimulate the PRF, producing continuous bruxism.
Brain ; Brain Stem Infarctions* ; Bruxism* ; Cerebellum ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertrophy* ; Infarction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mesencephalon ; Middle Aged ; Myoclonus ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Quadriplegia ; Thalamus

Sclerosing peritonitis is an uncommon complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and can lead to small bowel dysfunction involving abdominal pain, progressive loss of ultrafiltration, and small intestinal obstruction. Peritoneal thickening, in which calcification can develop, often starts as a small plaque which gradually becomes larger. We report a case of CAPD-related calcifying peritonitis.
Abdominal Pain ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory ; Peritonitis* ; Ultrafiltration

Here, we present the case of a 2-month-old male infant with hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome resulting from stenosis of the right proximal and mid-renal arteries. The patient exhibited nephrotic-range proteinuria, low serum albumin, increased serum creatinine, and elevated renin and aldosterone levels. Doppler ultrasonography and computed tomography angiography revealed decreased vascular flow in the small right renal artery. Following a successful percutaneous balloon angioplasty, the patient experienced a decrease in blood pressure and normalization of serum electrolyte levels within a few days. However, it took 3 months for the proteinuria to resolve completely. This case is significant as it represents the first reported instance of a neonate presenting with clinical features resembling congenital nephrotic syndrome caused by renal artery stenosis that was successfully treated with percutaneous renal angioplasty.

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is an extremely rare and life-threatening disorder. Typical HUS is often caused by Shiga toxin-positive Escherichia coli, while aHUS is caused by dysregulation of the alternative pathway of the complement system in association with genetic abnormalities or development of autoantibodies. Eculizumab, a humanized anti-complement 5 monoclonal antibody, is recommended for the treatment of aHUS, but its long-term safety and efficacy in pediatric patients remain under review. In this paper, we report a pediatric case of aHUS with anti-complement factor H autoantibodies, who was treated successfully with eculizumab.

Dialysis-related amyloidosis is a complication of long-term hemodialysis and it is characterized by the accumulation of beta2-microglobulin in the osteoarticular structures. We describe here the imaging findings of a case of dialysis-related amyloidosis involving the hip and cervical spine in a 62-year-old woman who received long-term dialysis. We focus here on the CT and MR imaging findings of the cervical spine and we include a review of the relevant literatures.
Amyloidosis* ; Dialysis ; Female ; Hip* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Renal Dialysis ; Spine*

PURPOSE: Acute alcohol intoxication (AAI) causes various complications such as electrolyte imbalance, alcoholic ketoacidosis (AKA), rhabdomyolysis, and acute kidney injury (AKI). Although there have been some reports about AKA and rhabdomyolysis, AKI due to acute alcohol intoxication is rarely reported. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of 371 patients with AAI between January 2004 and May 2010 in Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital. We compared the clinical findings, morbidity and mortality rate between AKI and normal kidney function (NKF) groups. RESULTS: Of the total 371 patients with AAI, AKI occurred in 107 patients (28.8%). The peak serum creatinine level in AKI patients was 2.9+/-1.9 mg/dL. Thirteen of the 107 patients (12.1%) received renal replacement therapy. AKI group had higher incidence of decreased mentality (29.0% vs 16.3%, p=0.006), dyspnea (11.2% vs 4.9%, p=0.029) and hypotension (66.0% vs 41.7%, p<0.001), and lower incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding (22.4% vs 34.8%, p=0.019), compared to NKF group. The AKI group also had higher incidence of ketoacidosis (78.5% vs 28.8%, p<0.001), rhabdomyolysis (19.6% vs 4.2%, p<0.001), and pneumonia (22.4% vs 8.0%, p<0.001), compared to NKF group. The length of ICU stay was longer (7.4+/-10.8 vs 4.1+/-6.1 days, p=0.003) and the mortality rate was higher (17.8% vs 2.3%, p<0.001) in AKI group. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that incidence of AKI in patients with AAI was 28.8% and AKI was associated with high morbidity and mortality. And multivariate analysis demonstrated that independent risk factors of AKI were ketoacidosis and increased serum osmolality.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Alcohol-Induced Disorders ; Alcoholics ; Creatinine ; Dyspnea ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Incidence ; Ketosis ; Kidney ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Osmolar Concentration ; Pneumonia ; Renal Replacement Therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhabdomyolysis ; Risk Factors

Simple renal cysts are a common cystic disease of the kidneys, which is not symptomatic in most cases and is diagnosed by radiological examination. However, if the cyst is huge or symptomatic, it must be treated. Renal cyst aspiration and alcohol sclerotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic simple renal cysts. Simple renal cysts have benign clinical features in the main and transformation of a simple renal cyst into renal cell carcinoma has rarely been reported. However, one case of renal cell carcinoma during renal cyst follow-up has been reported. We report a case of renal cell carcinoma that developed in a patient who was being treated with huge simple renal cyst sclerotherapy.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Diseases, Cystic ; Sclerotherapy