PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the influencing factors of job stress, self-efficacy, and organizational culture to presenteeism in clinical nurses. METHODS: A descriptive correlation research design was used for the this study. The subjects were 245 nurses working at the hospital in S, A and C City, from August 1st to October 30th 2014. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, stepwise multiple regression by SPSS 21.0 program. RESULTS: Job impairment indicated a significant positive relationship to job stress (p=.009), health problem (p<.001), and indicated significant negative relationship to self-efficacy (p<.001), innovative-oriented (p<.001), affiliative-oriented (p=.002), task-oriented (p=.026) in organizational culture. Significant factors of influencing to presenteeism were self-efficacy (p<.001, beta=-.363), culture of task-oriented (p<.001, beta=-.248) in organizational culture, and health problem (p=.002, beta=.187). CONCLUSION: Self-efficacy was defined as a variable to influence on presenteeism, and developing of strategies and program to strengthen self-efficacy and task-oriented of organizational culture in nursing is helpful to reduce the presenteeism of clinical nurses.
Nursing ; Organizational Culture ; Research Design

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of general and epidural anesthesia for cesarean section on newborn Apgar scores prospectively. Forty patutients for elective cesarean section were divided into two groups. One group(I) of parturients was anesthetized with general anesthesia. The other group(II) was anesthetized with epidural anesthesia. Then, Apgar scores of group I were compared with that of group II. The results were as follows: 1) For elective cesarean section under general anesthesia, prolongation of induction-delivery time wasnt related to lowering of Apgar scores because all of that intervals were below 10 minutes. 2) For elective cesarean section under epidural anesthesia, there was no more neonatal depression accompanied by prolongation of local anesthetic injection-delivery time. 3) General anesthesia rather than epidural anesthesia had a low Apgar score. Therefore, we wish to recommand epidural rather than general anesthesia when prolongation of induction-delivery time such as repeat-cesarean section and/or lowering of Apgar score such as premature will be expected.
Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Anesthesia, General ; Apgar Score ; Cesarean Section* ; Depression ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies

Febrile ulceronecrotic pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA), or febrile ulcerative Mucha-Haberman disease (FUMHD) is very rare, but potentially lethal variants of PLEVA. This subtype is characterized by rapidly progressive ulceronecrotic lesions and systemic manifestations, such as high fever, gastrointestinal, neurological, cardiologic and pulmonary involvement, and rheumatologic manifestations. Several treatments with variable response have been challenged, such as systemic steroid, antibiotics, methotrexate, dapsone, cyclosporine and ultraviolet therapy. But there is no standard therapy for FUMHD to date. We report a 59-year-old woman with FUMHD, who recurred after discontinuation of systemic steroid, but successfully treated with oral cyclosporine.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cyclosporine ; Dapsone ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Methotrexate ; Middle Aged ; Pityriasis ; Pityriasis Lichenoides ; Ulcer ; Ultraviolet Therapy

MR findings of early infectious spondylodiscitis are non-specific and may be confused with those of other conditions. Therefore, it is important to recognize early MR signs of conditions, such as inappreciable cortical changes in endplates, confusing marrow signal intensities of vertebral bodies, and inflammatory changes in paraspinal soft tissues, and subligamentous and epidural spaces. In addition, appreciation of direct inoculation, such as in iatrogenic spondylodiscitis may be important, because the proportion of patients who have undergone recent spine surgery or a spinal procedure is increasing. In this review, the authors focus on the MR findings of early spondylodiscitis, atypical findings of iatrogenic infection, and the differentiation between spondylodiscitis and other disease entities mimicking infection.
Bone Marrow ; Discitis* ; Epidural Space ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Spine

Aspiration can generate postoperative pulmonary morbidity of varing severity, depending on the type and volume of the aspirate. Epidural anesthesia can lead to local anesthetic systemic toxicity with mental change, followed by respiratory depression and abdominal and intercostal muscle weakness depressing the ability of the patient to cough and clear the airway. The authors experienced a case of pulmonary aspiration with systemic toxicity after epidural anesthesia for cesarean section. The chest X-ray showed alveolar consolidation at left lower lung field and arterial blood gases showed that PaO2 decreased. The exact causes of mental change and respiratory depression were unknown, but we suspected it lidocaine induced systemic toxicity due to vascular absorption, When airway reflexes are ineffective during face mask ventilation of the lungs, aspiration of clear oral secretions can generate small airway obstruction.
Absorption ; Airway Obstruction ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Cesarean Section ; Cough ; Female ; Gases ; Humans ; Intercostal Muscles ; Lidocaine ; Lung ; Masks ; Pregnancy ; Reflex ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Thorax ; Ventilation

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the success rates of the manual and motor-driven mini-screw insertion methods according to age, gender, length of mini-screws, and insertion sites. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 429 orthodontic mini-screw placements in 286 patients (102 in men and 327 in women) between 2005 and 2010 at private practice. Age, gender, mini-screw length, and insertion site were cross-tabulated against the insertion methods. The Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test was performed to compare the success rates of the 2 insertion methods. RESULTS: The motor-driven method was used for 228 mini-screws and the manual method for the remaining 201 mini-screws. The success rates were similar in both men and women irrespective of the insertion method used. With respect to mini-screw length, no difference in success rates was found between motor and hand drivers for the 6-mm-long mini-screws (68.1% and 69.5% with the engine driver and hand driver, respectively). However, the 8-mm-long mini-screws exhibited significantly higher success rates (90.4%, p < 0.01) than did the 6-mm-long mini-screws when placed with the engine driver. The overall success rate was also significantly higher in the maxilla (p < 0.05) when the engine driver was used. Success rates were similar among all age groups regardless of the insertion method used. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, the motor-driven insertion method can be helpful to get a higher success rate of orthodontic mini-screw placement.
Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Maxilla ; Private Practice ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Folliculitis ; Mucous Membrane ; Naproxen ; Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous

No abstract available.
Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Folliculitis ; Mucous Membrane ; Naproxen ; Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous

OBJECTIVE: Recently, the survival rate and prognosis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage(S-ICH) has improved, and their enhanced survival has become associated with a consequent rise in the recurrence of S-ICH. The aim of this study is to improve the prevention of recurrent S-ICH. METHODS: Between January 1999 and March 2004, we experienced 48 cases of recurrence. We classified the patients into the two groups; a double ICH group and a triple ICH group. We investigated their brain CTs, MRIs, cerebral angiographies, and medical records, retrospectively. RESULTS: Majority of patients had the intervals at least 12 months, and most of patients underwent conservative treatment. The most common hemorrhage pattern of recurrence was ganglionic-ganglionic (basal ganglia-basal ganglia), and the second attack was contralateral side of the first attack in a large percentage of all patients. Prognosis of patients was worsened in recurrent attack. Nearly all patients had medical history of hypertension, and most patients have taken antihypertensive medication at the arrival of emergency room. CONCLUSION: In treating hypertension for S-ICH patients, we stress that blood pressure must be thoroughly controlled over a long period of time.
Blood Pressure ; Brain ; Cerebral Angiography ; Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical Records ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: Predicting life expectancy of terminally ill cancer patients is very important. In many studies, ferritin is detected at higher levels in the sera of cancer patients, and higher ferritin level correlates with aggressiveness of disease and poor outcomes of patients. This study evaluated a prognostic role of serum ferritin levels in terminally ill cancer patients. METHODS: This study enrolled 65 terminally ill cancer patients from March through June 2012. We assessed routine laboratory findings including serum ferritin levels as well as demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients. To examine the association between serum ferritin levels and patient's characteristics, we used Spearman's correlation analysis, Wilcoxon's rank sum test or Kruskal-Wallis test, as appropriately. For multivariate analysis, Cox's proportional hazard regression model was used to evaluate significance of serum ferritin levels as a prognostic factor. RESULTS: A negative correlation between serum ferritin levels and survival time was found. After adjusting for sex, age, performance status, creatinine levels and white blood cell counts, serum ferritin levels were significantly associated with survival time. CONCLUSION: Even at the very end of life of terminal cancer patients, serum ferritin levels were an independent prognostic factor for survival.
Creatinine ; Ferritins* ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Life Expectancy ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Terminally Ill*