The methods of treatment of spondylolisthesis range from posterior fusion to instrumentation, and circumferential fusion. Combined anterior and posterior fusion with instrumentation had been carried out in one or two stages and satisfactory results were obtained in nighteen cases with follow-up period of one year to four years at department of orthopedic surgery of Ewha Womans University Hospital from 1987 to 1991. The results were as follows: 1. Of 19 patients, 7 patients were male and 12 patients were famale. 2. The isthmic type was 12 cases (63.1%) and the 5th lumbar vertebral involvement is common (12 cases, 63.1%). 3. The operative treatment was as follows: Posterior fusion with instrumentation was 8 cases, and anterior fusion with instrumentation was 11 cases. 4. The combined anterior and posterior fusion with instrumentation had been carried out in one stage operation at 8 cases, and two stage operation was done at 11 cases. 5. The average operation time was 3.0 hrs in one stage operation, 3.1 hrs in two stage operation, and the average amount of blood loss was 22cc/Kg in one stage, 17cc/Kg in two stage. 6. The satisfactory results were obtained in 19 cases, but there was no specific difference between one stage and two stage operation.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Spondylolisthesis

Intraventricular cysticercosis is the rest form of cerebral cysticercosis and almost all are within the fourthand third ventricles. Authors have experienced a case of pathologically proven giant intraventricular cysticercalcyst involving the lateral ventricle, studied by conventional CT and metrizamide CT, and report with brief reviewof literature.
Cysticercosis ; Lateral Ventricles ; Metrizamide ; Third Ventricle

We have expressed GFP in Sf9 and Bm5 cells or Bombyx by larvae by using Ac-Bm hybrid virus capable of replicating in both Bm5 and Sf9 cells. Genomic DNA of Ac-Bm hybrid virus expressing P-galactosidase was cotransfected with baculovirus transfer vector containing GFP gene, pBacPAK-GFP in Sf9 cells. The Ac-Bm hybrid virus harboring GFP was named as Ac-Bm hybrid virus-GFP. The Ac-Bm hybrid virus-GFP-infected insect cells were easily selected by detecting the emission of GFP from each well of cell culture dish on the UV illuminator. GFP produced by Ac-Bm hybrid virus-GFP in Sf9 and Bm5 cells or B. mori larvae was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis using GFP antibody. In addition, B. mori larvae infected with Ac-Bm hybrid virus-GFP was apparently appeared fluorescence from the whole body at 5 days postinoculation. The fluorescence of GFP from the hemolymph and fat body of B. mori larvae infected with Ac-Bm hybrid virus-GFP was also observed by fluorescence microscope. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that in baculovirus expression vector system, use of Ac-Bm hybrid virus have an additional advantage of expanded host range for producing recombinant proteins.
Animals ; Baculoviridae ; Blotting, Western ; Bombyx* ; Cell Culture Techniques ; DNA ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Fat Body ; Fluorescence ; Hemolymph ; Host Specificity ; Insects ; Larva* ; Recombinant Proteins ; Sf9 Cells ; Spodoptera*

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Baculoviridae* ; Bombyx* ; Coinfection*

PURPOSE: In this study we compared the clinical outcomes of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery according to the use of indocyanine green (ICG) and ICG exposure time. METHODS: The medical records of 76 patients with an idiopathic ERM that underwent vitrectomy and ERM and internal limiting membrane (ILM) removal were reviewed. We compared the results (best corrected visual acuity [BCVA, log MAR] and central macular thickness [CMT, µm]) of idiopathic ERM surgeries using ILM peeling with (group I, 39 eyes) and without ICG (group II, 37 eyes). Additionally, the correlation of ICG exposure time and clinical outcomes in group I was analyzed. RESULTS: Gender, age, lens state, preoperative BCVA, and preoperative CMT were not significantly different between the two groups. The postoperative BCVA was significantly improved in both groups but the difference was not statistically significant. The postoperative CMT was significantly improved in both groups and the change amount of group I was more larger than group II. Additionally, ICG exposure time was not significantly correlated with changes of BCVA and CMT. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal ICG-assisted ILM peeling did not significantly affect the recovery of BCVA, however that impaired the recovery of CMT. ICG exposure time did not affect the postoperative visual outcome.
Epiretinal Membrane* ; Humans ; Indocyanine Green ; Medical Records ; Membranes* ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

Dieulafoy's lesion is a rare distinetive arterial malformation that can cause massive gastrointestinal henorrhage. Although in most cases the lesion is encountered in the proximal stomach within 6 cm of the gastroesophageal junction, similar lesions have been described in the antrum, duodenum, jejunum, colon, and rectum. We report 3 unusually located Dieulafoy-like lesion, two gastric antrum and one jejunum in patient who had gastrojejunostomy for pancreatic caneer. After a year follow up there was no bleeding episode in patient after endoscopic treatment.
Colon ; Duodenum ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastric Bypass ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Jejunum* ; Pyloric Antrum* ; Rectum ; Stomach

PURPOSE: The role of growth hormone in the tumor-bearing host is controversial because of its potential to stimulate tumor growth. So, this study was done to determine the effects of growth hormone on primary tumor growth and body weight change in tumor-bearing animals receiving either high protein or protein-depleted diet. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tumors were induced in nude mice by subcutaneous injection of 1x106/ml PC-3 cells. Nude mice were fed with high protein diet at the time of tumor cell injection. Six weeks later, after measurable tumors were formed, the animals were randomized to receive either high protein diet(20.0% protein) or protein-depleted diet(0.04% protein). Animals in each dietary group were randomized to receive daily subcutaneous injections of either growth hormone(1,000 mU/kg) or placebo(normal saline) for 2 weeks. After then, animals were sacrificed by carbon dioxide inhalation, and, subsequently body weight and tumor volume were measured. RESULTS: At the end of the experiment, the body weights of group I(protein depleted diet+ormal saline) and II(protein depleted diet+growth hormone) were checked at 22.6+/-1.9 g and 24.9+/-1.6 g, respectively. But the body weights of group III(high protein diet+normal saline) and IV(high protein diet+growth hormone) increased to 32.5+/-1.2 g and 36.9+/-1.5 g, respectively. So in high protein diet group, body weight increases were observed and, in group which also had subcutaneous injections of growth hormone, the increases were more prominent. At the end of experiment, the tumor volumes of group I, II, III, and IV were checked at 0.88+/-0.02 cm3, 0.89+/-0.03 cm3, 1.31+/-0.02 cm3, and 1.30+/-0.02 cm3, respectively. So high protein diet group demonstrated large tumor volume increases, but there were no significant differences compared with group that also had subcutaneous injections of growth hormone, which implies growth hormone itself didn`t have large effect on tumor volume change. And, the ratios of tumor volume to body weight assessed at the end of experiment proved to be 3.94+/-0.33 %, 3.60+/-0.26 %, 3.89+/-0.08 %, and 3.54+/-0.18 % for group I, II, III, and IV, respectively which is showing no significant differences among them. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the growth hormone dose not accelerate the growth of tumor volume in nude mice bearing prostatic cancer. Thus simultaneous treatment of growth hormone and high protein diet may improve the performance status without accelerating the growth of tumor volume in patients with advanced prostatic cancer.
Animals ; Body Weight Changes* ; Body Weight* ; Carbon Dioxide ; Diet* ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Mice ; Mice, Nude* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Tumor Burden

Neurofibromatosis type1(von Recklinghausen's disease) is characterized by multiple skin tumors and abnormal cutaneous pigmentation(cafe au lait spots). Unlikely the solitary neurofibroma, those encountered in von Recklinghausen's disease may cause significant morbidity. The vasculopathy, although poorly recognized manifestation of von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis is a major cause of fatal cases. One of its most dramatic presentation is the spontaneous hemothorax. We report a case of Von Recklinghausen's disease with multiple neurofibromatosis accompanying intrathoracic hemorrhage due to vascular rupture, which is the first legal autopsy case in korea.
Autopsy ; Death, Sudden* ; Hemorrhage ; Hemothorax ; Humans ; Korea ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Rupture ; Skin

A persistent left superior vena cava is the most common anomaly of the superior caval system. Usually the persistent left superior vena cava is connected with the right atrium via the coronary sinus, resulting in no physiologic derangement : however in 7 to 8 percents of the patietns with a persistent left superior vena cava, the anomalous vessel communicates with the left atrim. In the absence of obstruction to the flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. this anatomic situation usually results in right to left shunting of varying degress. We recently experienced a case of persistent left superior vena cava in a 52-year-old female who complained of chest discomfort, epigastric pain and dyspnea(NYHA functional class II). Cine-angiography showed that the contrast passed from the left SVC through the dilated coronary sinus into right atrium. And right sided SVC was not seen. The patient was treated with conservative measures and discharged with improved condition.
Coronary Sinus ; Female ; Heart Atria ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Thorax ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency* ; Vena Cava, Superior