No abstract available.
Blood Pressure* ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Intubation* ; Lidocaine*

BACKGROUND: Respiratory depression with high dose of propofol during induction is one of the major complications. We studied the effects of midazolam as premedicant on frequency and duration of apnea and frequency of loss of consciousness in relation to single dose of propofol. METHODS: We selected 194 adult patients who had clear consciousness and no depression of respiration. We allocated patients randomly to control group and midazolam group. In midazolam group, we injected 0.06mg/kg of midazolam intravenously 10min before induction, and in control group, we did nothing. Under mask oxygenation with 100% oxygen, we administered a bolus of propofol (1, 1.5, 2 mg/kg to subgroup 1, 2, 3 respectively) intravenously. The change of respiration and loss of consciousness were observed. RESULTS: The frequency and duration of apnea increased with the dose of propofol in both control and midazolam group. But there were no difference between groups except frequency of apnea with 1.5 mg/kg of propofol. In control group, frequency of loss of consciousness increased with the increasing dose of propofol. But in midazolam group, nearly all the patients was slept without difference by the dose. CONCLUSIONS: Premedication with midazolam reduce the sleeping dose of propofol to induce anesthesia, so the frequency and duration of apnea which is caused by high dose of propofol can be decreased.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Apnea* ; Consciousness ; Depression ; Humans ; Masks ; Midazolam* ; Oxygen ; Premedication ; Propofol* ; Respiration ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Unconsciousness*

Catheters ; Choanal Atresia ; Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Hand ; Membranes ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasopharynx ; Nose ; Operative Time ; Parturition ; Rubber

Contemporary cementing techniques improved the longevity of the cemented total hip replacement. The mechanical strength of acrylic bone cement can be changed by different handling techniques with reduction of the porosity of acrylic bone cement. The greatest improvement of the mechanical properties with reducing the porosity is that of the fatigue strength. We investigated the mechanical properties of the specimens of high viscosity, Palacos R(Merk, Darmstadt, FRG) bone cement with two mixing methods, hand and vacuum mixing. Vacuum mixing improved the ultimate tensile strength by 22.4% compared to hand mixing in previous study. For the uniaxial tension fatigue test, the specimens were cyclically loaded at a maximum stress of 25 MPa at a frequency of 2.5 Hz and to investigate the porosity, scanning electromicroscopic examination was taken in each hand mixed and vacuum mixed specimens. Scanning electromicrogram showed the vacuum mixed specimens to be the more uniform and free of small voids compared with the hand mixed specimens. The results of the fatigue test were analized using Weibull distribution of survival probability, the average number of cycles to failure was 1459±924 cycles in hand mixed specimens, in vacuum mixed specimens, 21491±14956 cycles. The average fatigue life of the vacuum mixed specimens was 15 times loanger than that of the hand mixed specimens by Weibull mean, this differene exists stastically within 95% confidence interval. We could suggest vacuum mixing technique as a method eliminating porosity in a chilled acrylic bone cement and thereby markedly improving the mechanical properties. In cemented joint replacement surgery, a vacuum mixing technique are recommended as a method of preparation of acrylic bone cement
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Clothing ; Fatigue ; Hand ; Joints ; Longevity ; Methods ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Porosity ; Tensile Strength ; Vacuum ; Viscosity

A 33 year old woman with tuberous sclerosis and pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis was undertaken bilateral sequential lung transplantation. Due to the progressive dyspnea and recurrent pneumothorax, she could not handle her normal daily life without oxygen supplements. The natural history of a patient with tuberous sclerosis and symptomatic lung involvement says the mean expected survival is 4 years. Such guidelines as severe obstructive lung disease, unavailable medical therapy, substantial limitation in activities of daily living, and limited life expectancy made her be a recipient of lung transplantation expecting both prolongation of life and the better quality of life. In this transplantation case, we have experienced such delicate problems as gross ventilation-perfusion mismatch, reperfusion pulmonary edema, much decreased renal function, etc.
Activities of Daily Living ; Adult ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Humans ; Life Expectancy ; Life Support Care ; Lung Diseases, Obstructive ; Lung Transplantation* ; Lung* ; Lymphangioleiomyomatosis ; Natural History ; Oxygen ; Pneumothorax ; Pulmonary Edema ; Quality of Life ; Reperfusion ; Tuberous Sclerosis

No abstract available.
Budd-Chiari Syndrome* ; Vena Cava, Inferior*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome* ; Humans

OBJECTIVES: As a part of plan to develop evidence-based treatment guidelines for depression that is more suitable for Korean situation, we investigate the present status and client's requirements for non-pharmacological treatment of depression in Korean clinical situation. METHODS: Subjects were patients with depression in 12 university hospitals which are located in metropolises in Korea. We analyzed the records from questionnaires about current clinical status and requirements for the non-pharmacological treatment of depression in Korea. RESULT: 50.8% of the subjects have experienced non-pharmacological treatments for their depression. The preference of non-pharmacological treatment method of depression is exercise/interesting activity, counseling by psychiatrists and psychotherapy, and the best effective treatment method is psychotherapy (Es=4.36). Actually, the mean consultation time by psychiatrist is 11.31+/-7.16 min, and the appropriate consultation time for client's situation is 18.39+/-8.95 min. During consultation, patients' satisfaction measurement for psychiatrist's explanation about pharmacological treatment is 64.17+/-27.11, and satisfaction measurement for psychiatrist's counseling for their depression about personal problems, resent stress, interpersonal relationship is 61.66+/-26.63. CONCLUSION: In Korea, many psychiatrists offered biologically oriented treatment to their patients with depression, and patients' satisfaction measurement about consultation by psychiatrists is low. Many patients wanted to combined pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment for their depression, and aspired to information about complementary and self-help treatment methods. It is necessary to develop non-pharmacological treatment guideline for depression which reflect the clinical situation in Korea and meet Korean patients' need.
Counseling ; Depression* ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Korea* ; Psychiatry ; Psychotherapy

Osteoid osteoma is a relatively common benign tumor that most commonly affect the cortex of the long bone, Adolescent and young adult males are most frequently affected. It causes aching pain that worsens at night and commonly is relieved by aspirin. The typical radiographic appearance is a lucent nidus with surrounding dense cortical thickening. If the lesion is located in intra-articular cancellous bone, an osteoid osteoma may present with clinical findings that are more indicative of an inflammatory synovitis, and with atypical radiographic findings such as lack of both surrounding sclerosis and a lucent nidus. Therefore intra-articular osteoid osteoma may pose a diagnostic difficulty. Recently, we experienced 3 cases of intra-articular osteoid osteoma(2 humeral haed, 1 femoral head) and present them in detail.
Adolescent ; Aspirin ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoma, Osteoid ; Sclerosis ; Synovitis ; Young Adult

Urinary tract infections are common clinical problems in children, even though lots of treatment strategies have been tried. Many studies of the application of probiotics for urinary tract infection in female adults exist, but there is a lack of studies in children. The aims of this study were to screen probiotic strains for inhibiting the uropathogens in vitro, to find candidates for in vivo study. Nine strains of E. coli were isolated from children with urinary tract infection and six uropathogens were obtained from Korean Colletion for Type Cultures and American Type Culture Collection. Also 135 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were isolated from healthy children, and were identified through physiologic, biochemical methods, 16S rDNA PCR, and data analysis. And with agar disk diffusion assay technique the antimicrobial activities of these LAB strains against those uropathogens were examined. Three strains of separated LAB strains demonstrated major antimicrobial activity against all the uropathogens. In the agar disk diffusion assay technique, antimicrobial activities increased most in the 4th day culture broth with separated Lactobacillus. In summary, some LAB can be used as candidates to develop the probiotic microorganisms that inhibit uropathogens in children, and are expected to be applied to treatment and prevention of pediatric urinary tract infection.
Agar/chemistry ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; Child ; Culture Media/metabolism ; Diffusion ; Escherichia coli/*metabolism ; Feces ; Humans ; Korea ; Lactic Acid/*metabolism ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Probiotics/*metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/metabolism ; Urinary Tract Infections/*microbiology/therapy