The characteristics of radionuclide brain scan imaging of intracranial lesion are determined, in part, by the rate and quantity of radioactive material in the region of involvement, which is associated with alterations in the blood brain barrier. Findings, noted on the blood flow studies, often serve to direct attention to forthcoming imaging of specific pathological change on the status studies, e.g, carotid artery occlusion and cerebral infarction. We have seen that the 62 year old woman with left side hemiparesis shows typical "Flip-Flap" pattern in brain scan imaging, thought to be due to carotid artery occlusion.
Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain ; Carotid Arteries ; Cerebral Infarction ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Paresis

BACKGROUND: Scabies is an ectoparasite caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis, an obligate human parasite. Although its incidence has been decreasing, it is not a rare dermatologic disease and is difficult to diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of scabies patients and find out etiologic factors in transmission. METHODS: Two hundred and ninety-five patients who were diagnosed with scabies at the Dermatologic Department, Myongji Hospital, Goyang city, Korea were enrolled. Medical records were evaluated in a retrospective manner. RESULTS: We studied 295 scabies patients who were diagnosed by the mineral oil test or skin biopsy. The mean age of the patients was 58.2 (male: 56.7/female: 61.2), and 74% of patients were over 60 years. There was seasonal variation in occurrence, and scabies was found to be most common in winter. The majority of suspected routes of infection were transmission through convalescent hospitals (38.1%) and caregivers (15.2%). Nosocomial infection and communal living were the major causes. 73.8% of scabies patients had underlying medical disease, such as hypertension (32.2%) and dementia (11.9%). CONCLUSION: Currently, scabies prevalence is still increasing in Goyang city, because of the increased number of convalescent hospitals.
Biopsy ; Caregivers ; Cross Infection ; Dementia ; Hospitals, Convalescent ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Mineral Oil ; Mites ; Parasites ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Sarcoptes scabiei ; Scabies ; Seasons ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Viral warts are common viral infections and are usually self-limiting. However, there have been few studies assessing the characteristics of patients with viral warts. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of viral warts during a five-year-period. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective analysis of patients with viral warts who had been diagnosed in the Myongji hospital from January 2007 to December 2011. RESULTS: One thousand seven hundred and ninety patients with viral warts were assessed. A group of patients aged under 10 years had the highest occurrence of common warts (46.8%). The mean age was 16.9 years. Hands (47.7%) were more commonly involved than feet (36.4%). Cryotherapy was used to treat most of the patients. One thousand and sixty-one patients (59.3%) showed complete resolution of the wart lesion in the clinical ground. CONCLUSION: The number of patients with viral warts is currently increasing. This study provides useful data on the prevalence and characteristics of viral warts.
Aged ; Cryotherapy ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Warts

Transcervical resection of endometrium is under-utilized in the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding, uterine myoma and menorrhagia. The procedure is similar to transurethral resection of prostate in men with a possibility of substantial absorption of irrigation fluid. Absorption of a large volume of fluid can cause excessive intravascular volume, hyponatremia, cerebral edema and death. Severe hyponatremia leading to extrapontine myelinolysis is an extremely rare complication of this procedure. So, We report a case of developed extrapontine myelinolysis after hysteroscopic myomectomy which, however, showed complete recovery.
Absorption ; Brain Edema ; Endometrium ; Female ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; Leiomyoma ; Male ; Menorrhagia ; Metrorrhagia ; Myelinolysis, Central Pontine ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate

The gastric marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is a rare disease. Helicobacter pylori infection is known as an important etiologic factor of the pathogenesis of MALT lymphoma. H. pylori colonization at the epithelium of gastric mucosa induces T cell and B cell recruitment. T cell induced B cell proliferation develops the MALT in the gastric mucosa. Monoclonal proliferation of B cell in the MALT transform into MALT lymphoma. The eradication of H. pylori is known to induce remission of the disease in more than 80% of patients. But there is no report on progression and development of MALT lymphoma after H. pylori eradication. We experienced two cases of gastric B cell MALT lymphoma diagnosed at long last, after the successful eradication of H. pylori.
Cell Proliferation ; Colon ; Epithelium ; Gastric Mucosa ; Helicobacter ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; Rare Diseases

The gastric marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is a rare disease. Helicobacter pylori infection is known as an important etiologic factor of the pathogenesis of MALT lymphoma. H. pylori colonization at the epithelium of gastric mucosa induces T cell and B cell recruitment. T cell induced B cell proliferation develops the MALT in the gastric mucosa. Monoclonal proliferation of B cell in the MALT transform into MALT lymphoma. The eradication of H. pylori is known to induce remission of the disease in more than 80% of patients. But there is no report on progression and development of MALT lymphoma after H. pylori eradication. We experienced two cases of gastric B cell MALT lymphoma diagnosed at long last, after the successful eradication of H. pylori.
Cell Proliferation ; Colon ; Epithelium ; Gastric Mucosa ; Helicobacter ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; Rare Diseases

The intrauterine device (IUD) is a widely used contraceptive method. One of the most serious and rare complications of using an IUD is colon perforation. We report a case of colonoscopic removal of an IUD that had perforated into the rectosigmoid colon in a 42-year-old woman who presented with no symptoms. Colonoscopy showed that the IUD had penetrated into rectosigmoid colon wall and that an arm of the IUD was embedded in the colon wall. We were able to remove the IUD easily by using colonoscopy. The endoscopic approach may be considered the first choice therapy for selected patients.
Adult ; Arm ; Colon* ; Colonoscopy ; Contraception ; Female ; Humans ; Intrauterine Devices*

PURPOSE: Sudoriferous cyst usually occurs on the face, and especially on the ear and scalp as a solitary cystic mass. It is derived from the sweat glands of Moll and results from the obstruction of excretory ducts with the retention of fluid. In the eyelid, it is usually seen as small and firm vesicle arising at the eyelid margin. If it rarely occurs on the orbit, it develops from orbital ectopic epithelial cells predetermined to form glands of Moll. We experienced a case of sudoriferous cyst on eyelid which was adhered to levator aponeurosis and it disappeared when patient closed eyes. METHODS: A 55-year-old women suffered palpable mass on left upper eyelid without pain that had been present for 25 years. Orbital computed tomographic finding showed a oval mass(2.1x0.6x0.6cm size) inside upper eyelid and it invaded the orbit. The mass was completely excised under general anesthesia and histopathological examination was followed. RESULTS: Cystic mass was purple color and it was located in superiorly to tarsal plate. The mass was adhered to levator aponeurosis and levator palpabrae superioris muscle between the fat layer of post-orbital septum and the Whitnall ligament. The mass was completely excised without injury of aponeurosis and muscle. Microscopically, the lesion was a solitary cyst lined by two layers of cuboidal epithelial cells and innermost cells displaying eosinophilic cytoplasm with apical expansions. CONCLUSION: Sudoriferous cyst usually occurs on eyelid margin. But in this case, cystic mass occurred on upper eyelid and disappeared when patient closed the eyes because it was partially adhered to levator aponeurosis and levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Therefore, if sudoriferous cyst occurs on eyelid, it is necessary to excised the mass carefully.
Anesthesia, General ; Bone Cysts ; Cytoplasm ; Ear ; Eosinophils ; Epithelial Cells ; Eye ; Eyelids ; Female ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Middle Aged ; Muscles ; Orbit ; Retention (Psychology) ; Scalp ; Sweat Glands

BACKGROUND: Atopy and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) which are characteristics of asthma, are strongly correlated but independently inherited traits. The relative contribution of maternal and paternal condition to the risk of offspring's condition is not certain. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate maternal or paternal contribution to childhood atopy and BHR in a population-based sample of 140 Korean nuclear families. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 486 subjects (133 mothers, 132 fathers and 221 offsprings) participated in this study. All subjects provided questionnaire data and 483 subjects underwent allergy skin prick test with 13 inhalant allergens. Total serum IgE levels were determined in 444 subjects and methacholine bronchial provocation test were performed in 483 subjects. RESULTS: Serum total IgE level in the offspring was correlated with both maternal and paternal total IgE (mother: R=0.273, p<0.01; father: R=0.200, p<0.01). Bronchial hyperres ponsiveness was associated with parental atopy index (mother: R=0.175, p<0.01; father: R=0.205, p<0.01) and maternal BHR(R=0.201, p<0.01). The development of wheezing in the offspring was significantly associated with maternal BHR, but not paternal. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that maternal BHR does confer more risk than paternal BHR to risk of offspring's BHR.
Allergens ; Asthma ; Bronchial Provocation Tests ; Fathers ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulin E ; Methacholine Chloride ; Mothers ; Nuclear Family ; Parents* ; Respiratory Sounds ; Skin ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The pathogenesis of antiepileptic drug (AED) resistance is multifactorial. However, most candidate gene association studies typically assess the effects of candidate genes independently of each other, which is partly because of the limitations of the parametric-statistical methods for detecting the gene-to-gene interactions. A total of 200 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy and 200 patients with drug-responsive epilepsy were genotyped for 3 representative the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the voltage-gated sodium channel genes (SCN1A, SCN1B, and SCN2A) by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing analysis. Besides the typical parametric statistical method, a new statistical method (multifactor dimensionality reduction [MDR]) was used to determine whether gene-to-gene interactions increase the risk of AED resistance. None of the individual genotypes or alleles tested in the present study showed a significant association with AED resistance, regardless of their theoretical functional value. With the MDR method, of three possible 2-locus genotype combinations, the combination of SCN2A-PM with SCN1B-PM was the best model for predicting susceptibility to AED resistance, with a p value of 0.0547. MDR, as an analysis paradigm for investigating multi-locus effects in complex disorders, may be a useful statistical method for determining the role of gene-to-gene interactions in the pathogenesis of AED resistance.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Alleles ; Anticonvulsants/*therapeutic use ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Drug Resistance ; Epilepsy/drug therapy/*genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sodium Channels/*genetics