OBJECTIVE: This study is to evaluate the efficacy of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection(ICSI) for previous fertilization failure with conventional in vitro fertilization(IVF), compared with ICSI for male factor. METHOD: The author analyzed the 3 years of clinical experience with ICSI retrospectively, between the conventional IVF failure group (IVF failure) and male factor group (male factor). Surgically retrieved epididymal or testicular spermatozoa for ICSI were excluded. The IVF failure group was 13 cycles of 6 patients and male factor group was 30 cycles of 15 patients. RESULTS: The fertilization rates of the IVF failure group and male factor group were 63% and 66% respectively (p=0.635). The clinical pregnancy rates of the both group were 23.1% and 26.7% (p=0.804), and that of live birth rates were 15.4% and 13.3% (p=0.858). There were no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The author concluded that ICSI can overcome previous fertilization failure, with the same fertilization and clinical pregnancy rates seen in patients with male factor.
Fertilization in Vitro* ; Fertilization* ; Humans ; Live Birth ; Male ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic* ; Spermatozoa

Sleep problems and disorders are common in patients with cancer. Sleep of the cancer patients is affected by various factors, including thermoregulatory changes associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, cancer related symptoms, such as pain, fatigue, and emotional difficulties. As one of the most common symptoms in cancer patients, fatigue is positively correlated with sleep difficulties. Cytokine is also frequently associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It provokes excessive daytime sleepiness and hypersomnia. Medications for controlling pain, depression, and anxiety can affect sleep of the cancer patients. Medications as well as behavior therapy are reported to be effective for controlling sleep problems, and the physicians need to be accustomed to use the modalities appropriately. This paper reviews causative factors, evaluation, and management of sleep problems and disorders, experienced by cancer patients.
Anxiety ; Behavior Therapy ; Depression ; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Sleep Wake Disorders

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Mouth*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Hypertension, Renovascular*

BACKGROUND: Although there were many studies about increasing the bone mineral density(BMD) of the elderly by exercise program, the results of weekly exercise participation degree are still to be not prepared. Therefore I examined that the effect of weekly exercise participation degree on BMD level of the elderly. METHODS: Subjects were 93 older adults (male=43, female=50) residing in Seoul-Seniors-To-wei. These people are either participating in exercise program for a year, or not in Song-Do Hospital Exercise Prescription Center. Among the elderly, if one were took part in exercise program 5 days or more weekly, they are classified in Group A(male = 14, female= 14), if one were took part in exercise program 5 days weekly, they are classified in Group B (male = 14, female = 17), if one were took part in exercise program a day weekly. they are classified in Group C(mal =8, female= 13). and if one were not took part in exercise program, they are involved in Group I)(male=7, female=6). All the measured data were represented by mean and standard deviation using SPSS package(ver10.0). The statistical techniques for data analysis of BMD levels of the four groups in male and female groups were to analyze the differences among groups by one way ANOVA. And then I performed the Scheffe post-hoc method forinvestigating exactly the differences among groups. The 5% level of significance was used as the critical level for acceptance of hypotheses for the study. RESULTS: There were no statistical difference (p>0.05) among four male or female groups in BMD levels of head, anus, trunk, ribs, and pelvis parts. But there were statistical differences(p <0.05) among four male or female groups in BMD levels of legs, spine, and total. On the condition of legs, the BMD level of Group A exercised in 5 days or more weekly was 1.58 g/cm2 (F=6.774, p=0.001) in male groups and 1.17 g/cm2 (F =6.616. p=0.001) in female groups. These levels were the highest among four groups. And on the condition of spine, the BMD level of Group A was 1.17 g/cm2(F=7.732, p=0.001) in male groups and 1.16 g/cm2(F=6.243, p=0.002) in female groups. These levels were the highest among four groups. Also on the cutiditiuii of total, the BMD level of Group A was 1.53 g/cm2(F=5.677, p=0.003) in male groups and 1.1 g/cm(F=5.283, p=0.003)in female groups. These levels were the highest among four groups. CONCLUSION: Although the exercise is advantageous to the elderly people, if they are participated in 5 days or more weekly, they will be gained more benefit on BMD level and so on.
Adult ; Aged* ; Anal Canal ; Bone Density* ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Pelvis ; Prescriptions ; Ribs ; Spine ; Statistics as Topic

To develop the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of type D simian retrovirus (SRV) infection, an oligonucleotide primer pair was designed to hybridize to the sequences within euv gene of SRV subtype 1 (SRV-1). The 3'proximal env sequences annealing to the primers had been rather conserved among three different subtypes of SRV, SRV-1, SRV-2, and SRV-3 (Mason-Pfizer Monkey Virus: MPMV). The PCR using the primer pair targetingan an env region the successfully detected and amplified all three subtypes of SRV with excellent specificity after single round of reaction. The tests with peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected either with simian immunodeficiency virus or simian T-lymphotropic virus type 1, maior immunosuppressive viral agents together with SRV in simian, verified the specificity of the PCR by excluding any cross reactivity. Semiquantitative titration PCR, amplifying serially diluted plasmid DNA of each subtype, was performed to evaluate sensitivity limits of the reaction. Based on molecular weight of each cloned SRV genome, the PCR should be able to detect one SRV-infected cell per more than 5-7x104 uninfected cells after simple ethidium bromide staining of resulting products. The PCR must be very efficient screening sisters with its quickness, certainty, and sensitivity for SRV-infected animals used in human AIDS research model. Second round amplification of the reaction products from the first PCR, or Southern hybridization by radiolabeled probes shall render to compete its efficacy to ELISA which has been the most sensitive technique to screen SRV infection but with frequent ambiguity problem.
Animals ; Betaretrovirus* ; Clone Cells ; DNA* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Ethidium ; Genome ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Mason-Pfizer monkey virus ; Mass Screening ; Molecular Weight ; Plasmids ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Retroviruses, Simian ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Siblings ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus

Although arthroscopic surgery has been used conventionally, it has not been widely adopted yet due to the risks of complications, including nerve damage, technical difficulties, and limited indications. As shown in other joints, however, the use of an arthroscope will gradually increased in the elbow joint (‘Arthroscopy always wins’). Herein, arthroscopic treatments and arthroscopic ulnar nerve decompression will be discussed in cases of elbow osteoarthritis.
Arthroscopes ; Arthroscopy ; Decompression* ; Elbow Joint ; Elbow* ; Joints ; Osteoarthritis* ; Ulnar Nerve*

I tried the endoscopic laser therapy for the malignant and benign disease of the alimentary tract to evaluate efficacy in rejection of surgical treatment or inoperable state. I have experienced 16 cases of the laser therapy in my hospital from July 1990 to June 1991. The apparatus I used is the SLT contact Nd-YAG laser with the ceramic endoprobe of rounded or chisel or hollow type in each case. The irradiation was made at an output of 15-20 Watts within 1.5 seconds. Between the 2-4 weeks laser therapy, the treatment response was observed by rebiopsy, I treated 7 cases of early gastric cancer and post-laser follow-up study showed 70% negative for cancer cells by endoscopic biopsy. Failure of laser treatment was found in case of IIc type, Two cases of advanced gastric and I case of rectal cancer with severe obstruction were relieved by laser therapy. I also experienced 3 cases of esophageal or gastric polyp which were completely. resolved after irradiation. Besides, I could get hemostasis in 1 case of gastric ulcer bleeding with exposed vessels and 1 case of Mallory-Weiss syndrome. And a case of gastric bezoar was completely fragmentated after irradiation. As mentioned above, I achieved satisfactory results of 13 cases in 16 cases. Contact Nd - YAG laser treatment ean be applicated with excellent efficacy in any age, sex and severity of disease with or without complications and any site of lesions which can be reached within the endoscope. I suggest it is maybe highly promising medical technique in the future.
Bezoars ; Biopsy ; Ceramics ; Endoscopes ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Hemostasis ; Laser Therapy* ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Mallory-Weiss Syndrome ; Polyps ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach Ulcer

From the leprosy patients hospitalized at the Korean National Leprosarium on Snrokdo Island, forty-five leprosy patients with plantar ulcers were selected randomly for microbiological studies. A total of 84 strains of bacteria, with the most common being Neieseria sicca (25 strains: 29.8%), 34 strains (40. 5%) were present as a pure growth and 50 strains (59. 5%) were present in ulcers with multiple infection. Antibiotic susceptibility tests indicated that bacterial isolates were rather highly susceptible to gentarnicin and kanamycin, but varying degree of isolates were resistant to 12 antibiotics including streptomycin, rifampicin, lincomycin, penicillin, terramycin and colimycin etc. From a total of 30 plantar ulcers, 17 ulcers produced 24 strains of fungi and 1 strain of Balanticlium coli. They consisted of 17 strains of saprophytic fungi (70. 8%) and 7 strains of yeast-like fungi (29. 2%). Of the culture media for Balantidium coli, Sabourauds glucos medium is the most specific and selective that the author found.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Balantidium ; Colistin ; Culture Media ; Foot Ulcer* ; Fungi ; Humans ; Kanamycin ; Leprosy* ; Lincomycin ; Oxytetracycline ; Penicillins ; Rifampin ; Streptomycin ; Ulcer