PURPOSE: We performed this study to assess the value of CT in the differential diagnosis of palpable neck masses in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the CT scans of the palpable neck masses in 30 children. The masses were proved histopathologically and classified into cystic, solid, and inflammatory mass and their CT findings were analyzed. RESULTS: Twelve cases were cystic masses, 4 were solid masses, and 14 were inflammatory lesions. Cystic masses included cystic lymphangiomas (n=6), branchial cleft cysts (n=3), thyroglossal duct cysts (n=2), and ranula (n=l). Cystic lymphangiomas showed insinuating appearances into adjacent structures and 4 cases occurred in the posterior cervical space. All branchial cleft cysts were round cystic masses with smooth wall and displaced the submandibular gland anteriorly and the sternocleidomastoid muscle posteriorly. Two thyroglossal duct cysts occurred centrally adjacent to the hyoid bone and 1 ranula in the submental area. Solid masses were juvenile hemangioma, pleomorphic adenoma in submandibular gland, neurilemmoma, and fibromatosis colli. Juvenile hemangioma showed well-enhancing mass with indistinct margin and the other solid masses had well-defined margin with their characteristic location. Inflammatory lesions were abscess (n=4), deep neck infections with lymphadenopathy (n=4), submandibular gland inflammation (n=3), and tuberculous lymphadenitis (n=3) and they showed strand-like enhancement in adjacent subcutaneous tissues. Tuberculous lymphadenitis had multiple lymph node enlargement with internal low attenuation areas and showed less surrounding strand-like enhancement than suppurative lymphadenopathies. CONCLUSION: Most neck masses in infants and children were of congenital or inflammatory origin. CT is useful for the evaluation of the child presenting with a neck mass, because it can differentiate various forms of neck masses and is able to reveal the relationship of the masses to the adjacent structures with their characteristic location.
Abscess ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Branchioma ; Child* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fibroma ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone ; Infant ; Inflammation ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphangioma, Cystic ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Neck* ; Neurilemmoma ; Ranula ; Retrospective Studies ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Submandibular Gland ; Thyroglossal Cyst ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node

PURPOSE: To determine the value of thin-section CT in the diagnosis of nasal bone fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the thin-section CT scans of 40 patients with nasal bone fracture. CT scans were obtained with both axial and coronal planes, 1.5mm collimation with 2mm interval, and 9.6cm field-of-view. The axial scan plane was kept parallel to the orbitomeatal line from the nasion to the lower limit of the nose and the coronal plane was kept perpendicular to the axial plane. The data were reconstructed with bone algorithm. Nasal bone fracture was classified into 1 of 3 types on thin section CT:(I) simple fracture;(ll) simple fracture with displacement;(III) comminuted fracture. Associated facial bone injuries were also evaluated Simple radiographs of nasal bone were reviewed for comparison. RESULTS: Six patients had simple fracture, 10 patients had simple fracture with displacement, and 24 patients had comminuted fracture. Twenty-six patients had associated facial bone injuries which included fracture of nasal septum (n=15), fracture of frontal process of maxilla (n=9), fracture of ethmoid (n=6), widening of nasofrontal suture (n=5), and fracture of nasolacrimal duct (n=2). In 15 of 40 patients, CT could identify nasal bone fractures not detected on simple radiographs. CONCLUSION: Thin-section CT is a valuable aid in the evaluation of nasal bone fracture for accurate identification, nature, and combined facial injury.
Diagnosis ; Facial Bones ; Facial Injuries ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Nasal Bone* ; Nasal Septum ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Nose ; Sutures ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Head* ; Neck*

Management of unstable angina has evolved progressively. Although coronary angioplasty has recently shown to be relatively safe and effective treatment strategy for unstable angina, aute occlusion due to intracoronary thrombus accumulation during or immediately after coronary angioplasty remains to be one of the most common serious complication of this procedure. Intracoronary urokinase has been used to treat flow-limiting intracoronary thrombus accumulation that complicated initial successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty(PTCA) in unstable angina patient, which made the patient stablilzed. Thus in patient with flow-limiting intracoronary thrombus accumulation complicating PTCA, intracoronary urokinase proved to be highly effective in restoring vessel patency and preventing acute myocardial infarction. We report a case of successful revascularization with intracoronary infusion of urokinase in patient with intracoronary thrombus accumulation that complicated PTCA.
Angina, Unstable ; Angioplasty ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Thrombosis ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cisplatin* ; Drug Therapy* ; Head* ; Neck*

OBJECTIVES: To examine the in vitro interactions of blastocyst attachment using type I collagen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ICR mice were used and follicular growth was stimulated by pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin. On day 4 of pregnancy, the uteri were removed and blastocysts were flushed. Mixtures of 1mL sterile water, 0.5mL DMEM, 2mL type collagen solution and 0.5mL 0.1M NaOH were prepared and transferred to an incubator where the collagen solution polymerized. Blastocysts were transferred to dishes previously coated with type I collagen. CMRL 1066 was used as the basic culture medium. It was supplemented with 1mM glutamine and 1mM sodium pyruvate plus 50 IU/ml penicillin and 50 mg/ml streptomycin. During the first 4 days the culture medium was supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum and thereafter with 20% heat inactivated human cord serum. All blastocysts were initially cultured for 2 days without media change. After 2 days, fresh medium was renewed daily. The stages of embryo growth were examined and recorded everyday under a dissecting microscope and classified according to the standard in vivo criteria set forth by Witschi. RESULTS: By 48h, nearly all blastocysts had attached to the surface of collagen pad. Following adhesion to the collagen pad, the blastocysts maintained their 3-dimensional integrity in contrast to control. The embryos in collagen pad were not flattening and kept polarity and spherical shape during culture. The polar trophoblast invaded the type I collagen downward unlike the horizontal growth in control. In the developmental stage of mouse blastocyst, there were significant differences between control and type I collagen group during day 4 and 5 culture. CONCLUSION: Blastocyst development was better in type I collagen group than control. Therefore, in vitro culture study using type I collagen could provide improved model for the establishment of blastocyst implantation study.
Animals ; Blastocyst ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; Collagen ; Collagen Type I* ; Embryo Implantation ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Glutamine ; Gonadotropins ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Incubators ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Penicillins ; Polymers ; Pregnancy ; Pyruvic Acid ; Sodium ; Streptomycin ; Trophoblasts ; Uterus ; Water

Colitis Cystica Profunda(CCP) is an uncommon disease in Korea, and little knowledge exists about CCP, including knowledge about its incidence and prevalence. However, it may be speculated that the disease will be diagnosed more often due to advancement in diagnostic tool and growing interest. CCP is essentially the same disorder as Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome(SRUS), but it has been reported separately because of its external appearances such as broad shaped polyps or nodules. Both CCP and SRUS are called MPS. Of importance is that a submucosal-cyst-containing lesion needs to be differentiated from mucus- producing adenocarcinoma. This differentiation is obvious from the CCP histologic features, such as fibromuscular obliteration of lamina propria and submucosal cysts. In light of these facts, it is important to obtain a sufficient biopsy specimen to examine accurately. It is not uncommon for CCP to be accampanied by rectal prolapse or incomplete intussusception, so diagnostic approaches of these associated disorders should be done at the same time. The authors have recently experienced one case of CCP associated with rectal prolapse. The case was treated effectively and is reported in this paper along with a review of the literature on this subject.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Colitis* ; Incidence ; Intussusception ; Korea ; Mucous Membrane ; Polyps ; Prevalence ; Rectal Prolapse ; Ulcer

Mandible is the biggest and the hardest facial bone and its shape is found well-remained in the fossil and forensic research area. Therefore it is of significance in physical anthropology and it has been used to distinguish the different ethnic groups as well as the sex. The researchers took 102 mandibles in Korean of the known sex and examined the physical anthropologic characteristics that exist among the Korean males and females as well as the different ethnic groups. Through examining 13 criteria that include the shape of the chin and the shape of mental spine the following results were achieved. Out of the 13 non-metric criteria of the examined mandibles, Concerning the sexual dimorphism, the most distinguished criteria was the contour of the mandibular lower border. In males, 68.1% showed the "rocker form", on the other hand in females, the "straight form" was more general (82.0%). In addition, the shape also differed in mental region. In males the shape of the chin was bilobate or square form generally (91.7%), while females' mandible wasn't bilobate form, but square (53.6%) and pointed form (46.4%). Beside this, there was no differences between the male and female. We compared in presence of mylohyoid canal in Korean with the other ethnic groups by non-metric traits. The mylohyoid canal was relatively low by 5% among the Asians including the Koreans and relatively high by 10.0% among the Whites and over 15.0% among the Blacks.
African Continental Ancestry Group ; Anthropology, Physical ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Chin ; Ethnic Groups ; Facial Bones ; Female ; Fossils ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible* ; Sex Differentiation ; Spine

Intersphincteric fistulas are the most prevalent fistulas encountered by a surgeon. In general, there are two surgical methods for treating intersphincteric fistulas: fistulotomy and fistulectomy. The advantage of a fistulotomy is less sphincter muscle destruction; the disadvantage is a higher recurrence rate. The advantage of a fistulectomy is a lower recurrence rate; the disadvantage is more sphincter muscle destruction and a higher flatus incontinence rate. Because of the disadvantages with both surgical methods, the authors have developed a new method for treating intersphincteric fistulas. The new method is a fistulectomy with seton. A fistulectomy with seton is a seton tightening of the remaining internal sphincter and subcutaneous external sphincter after coring out of the fistula tract. The advantages of this method are a lower recurrence rate due to complete removal of the fistula and a lower flatus incontinence rate due to the seton slowly cutting the remaining sphincter muscle. For that reason, the authors submit that fistulectomy with seton is the most effective operation method for treating intersphincteric fistulas, especially because fistulectomy with seton has many advantages such as a lower recurrence rate, a lower flatus incontinence rate, and less anal deformity.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Fistula* ; Flatulence ; Recurrence

No abstract available.
Forehead* ; Hyaluronic Acid* ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional* ; Pilot Projects*