The word "Delayed" in the legend of Figure 2 should have been written as "Controls."

BACKGROUND: The prostaglandin E1(PGE1) is a well known protent dilator of arteriosus. Maintaining of the patency of ductus arteriosus is crucial for the survival of patients suffering from ductus-dependent cyanotic congenital heart disease. We aimed to analyse the efficacy and the influencing factors upon PGE1 in patients suffering from this disease. METHODS: Between May 1991 and April 1993, 26 neonates and infants with ductus- dependent cyanotic congenital heart disease received on intravenous infusion of PGE1 in the Division of Pediatric Cardiology. Yonsei Cardiovascular Center. The result was a dramatic improvement in systemic arterial oxygen tension and oxygen saturation during infusion of PGE1with a dependency on the infusion of PGE1. We evaluated the arterial blood gas analysis both at the immediate pre-infusion stage and 2 hours after infusion. We aimed to analyse the factors which may influence the intravenous of PGE1to infant suffers of ducts-dependent cyanotic congenital heart disease, such as pulmonary atresia(n=14), severe pulmonary stenosis(n=7) or complete transposition of the great arteries(n=5). RESULTS: 1) There was a significant increase in PaO2 and Oxygen saturation 2 hours after the infusion of PGE1. This appeared to be unrelated to the different forms of the disease when compared with the pre-infusion values. 2) The infants' responsiveness of the ductus arteriosus appeared to be age related with significant differences emerging between the 2 group(p<.05). In infants younger than 9 hours old, the differences in PaO2 changes between pre-infusion and post-infusion of PGE1 were 16.3+/-3.7mmHg compared to just 10.4+/-0.4mmHg in infants older than 96 hours. 3) No significant difference emerged between an increase in PaO2or oxygen saturation relating to the shape of ductus arteriosus ; or the level of PaO2prior to the infusion. 4) The side effects of PGE1were as follows ; fever(84.6%),loose stool(61.5%), apnea(30.8%) and hypotension(15.4%), etc.. CONCLUSION: PGE1provides excellent medical palliation for infants suffering from ductus-dependent cyanotic congenital heart disease until the pulmonary arteries are large enough for a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt ; or until corrective surgery is possible.
Alprostadil ; Blalock-Taussig Procedure ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Cardiology ; Ductus Arteriosus ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Oxygen ; Pulmonary Artery

Tumor-draining lymph node (TDLN) lymphocytes contain immunologically sensitized to tumor but functionally deficient T cells. The 30 kDa protein antigen, a major secreted protein antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, exhibits strong T cell stimulatory effect. In this study, it examined that the feasibility of using M tuberculosis 30 kDa antigen to stimulate tumor-draining lymph node cells for the generation of specific immune effector cells. Freshly isolated TDLN lymphocytes could directly respond to the 30 kDa antigen alone and their proliferative responses were markedly augmented by stimulation with rIL-2. TDLN cells were stimulated with the 30 kDa antigen for various time intervals and examined for the induction of IFN-r and IL-4 mRNA using RT-PCR. The expression of IFN-r mRNA was greatly augmented after 1 wk, whereas IL-4 mRNA is markedly decreased after 1 wk. Cytotoxic T cell activities induced by the 30 kDa antigen was also evaluated. TDLN cells stimulated with the 30 kDa antigen alone were able to generate remarkable cytotoxic response to K562 or Daudi cell lines after 6 days of culture. And their cytotoxic effects were highly augmented by stirnulation with rIL-2. These results suggest that the 30 kDa antigen of M. tuberculosis may selectively activate Thl cells of TDLN lymhocytes and induce the cytotoxic T cell activities. In conclusion, the 30 kDa antigen can be used as a biologic response modifier in tumor immunology.
Allergy and Immunology ; Cell Line ; Interleukin-4 ; Lymph Nodes* ; Lymphocytes* ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; RNA, Messenger ; T-Lymphocytes ; Th1 Cells* ; Tuberculosis

Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (SMD) is an extremely rare, which affects the spine and metaphy-ses of the tubular bones on terms of enchondrogenesis. Children who had Kozlowski dwarfism, type of SMD are not recognized until they reach school age since they have normal clinical feature, weight and size in early childhood. Authors experienced a typical case of Kozlowski type of SMD in a 10 years old male who had i) generalized platyspondyly with anterior tapering of vertebrae ii) generalized metaphyseal dysplasia iii) minimal changes in the carpal and tarsal bones. This case is to be reported with review of references.
Child ; Dwarfism ; Humans ; Male ; Spine ; Tarsal Bones

PURPOSE: Colonic diverticulitis was rare in Korea in the past. However, it is progressively increasing probably because of a prolonged life span and a westernized diet pattern. Especially, right-sided colonic diverticulitis is difficult to differentiated from acute appendicitis. The purpose of this study was to verify the usefulness of laparoscopic-assisted surgery for the diagnosis and treatment of colonic diverticulitis. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 65 patients with colonic diverticulitis who underwent surgery from January 1998 to December 2002. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 36.3 years. Males were more prevalent than females (1.6:1). Abdominal ultrasonography (USG) was used as a diagnostic tool in 40 cases (61.5%), abdominal USG with colon enema in 8 cases (12.3%), and abdominal USG with abdominal CT in 4 cases (6.2%). The preoperative diagnosis was acute appendicitis in 52 patients (80.0%), perforated diverticulitis in 10 patients (15.4%), peritonitis in 2 patients (3.5%), and peptic ulcer perforation in 1 patient (1.5%). The postoperative diagnosis was simple diverticulitis in 47 cases (72.3%). The cecum was the most commonly involved area (55 cases, 84.6%). The types of open surgery were an appendectomy in 17 cases (26.1%), a right hemicolectomy in 17 cases (26.1%), a cecectomy in 6 cases (9.2%). The types of laparoscopic- assisted surgery were an appendectomy in 17 cases (26.1%), a laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy in 4 cases (6.2%), and an anterior resection in 1 case (1.5%). The postoperative complication rate was 11.9% (5 cases). All of these occurred with the open technique, but no statistically significant difference existed between the complication rates for the two operative procedures (P=0.158). The mortality rate was zero for both operative procedures. The length of hospital stay (4.72+/-4.3 vs 10.1+/-6.2)(P=0.001) was significantly shorter in the laparoscopic-assisted group than in the open group. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative diagnosis is sometimes difficult in patients with colonic diverticulitis. We consider laparoscopic-assisted surgery to be a useful diagnostic and therapeutic modality in such cases. The laparoscopic technique offers particular advantages to diverticulitis patients because of the short hospital stay and the low morbidity and mortality rates.
Appendectomy ; Appendicitis ; Cecum ; Colon* ; Diagnosis ; Diet ; Diverticulitis ; Diverticulitis, Colonic* ; Enema ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Mortality ; Peptic Ulcer Perforation ; Peritonitis ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: For the bone-specific imaging, a structure-inherent targeting of bone tissue recently has been reported a new strategy based on incorporation of targeting moieties into the chemical structure of near-infrared (NIR) contrast agents, while conventional methods require covalent conjugation of bone-targeting ligands to NIR contrast agents. This will be a new approach for bone-targeted imaging by using the bifunctional NIR contrast agents. METHODS: The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the recent advances in optical imaging of bone tissue, highlighting the structure-inherent targeting by developing NIR contrast agents without the need for a bone-targeting ligand such as bisphosphonates. RESULTS: A series of iminodiacetated and phosphonated NIR contrast agents for the structure-inherent targeting of bone tissue showed excellent bone-targeting ability in vivo without non-specific binding. Additionally, the phosphonated NIR contrast agents could be useful in the diagnosis of bone metastasis. CONCLUSION: By developing bone-targeted NIR contrast agents, optical imaging of bone tissue makes it very attractive for preclinical studies of bone growth or real-time fluorescence guided surgery resulting in high potential to shift the clinical paradigms.
Bone and Bones ; Bone Development ; Contrast Media ; Diagnosis ; Diphosphonates ; Fluorescence ; Ligands ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Optical Imaging ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted

BACKGROUND: To date, many methods have been proposed to resolve the sunken eyelid. We treated our clinical cases of sunken upper eyelid based on whether there is a concurrent presence of the dermatochalasis or blepharoptosis and then performed the autologous fat grafting using either closed or open technique. METHODS: According to the classification of the patients, we used the following injection techniques: First, we solely performed the autologous fat grafting using the closed technique in the sunken upper eyelid only group, for which we did the injection using a micro-injector cannula on the suborbicularis plane. Second, we performed such procedures as skin excision, orbicularis oculi muscle strip excision and levator aponeurosis advancement to manage each symptom in the sunken upper eyelid with dermatochalasis or blepharoptosis group. Simultaneously, we also made a small window in the lateral portion of the orbital septum using the open technique with metzenbaum scissors. Thus, we performed the intraseptal injection of the autologous fat. RESULTS: During a period ranging from January of 2012 to April of 2014, we treated a total of 53 patients. The patients were followed up during a mean period of four months. Thus, we obtained satisfactory treatment outcomes without notable complications. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our results indicate not only that surgeons should consider the fat grafting as one of eyelid-surgery procedures but also that they should perform it concurrently with blepharoplasty or blepharoptosis correction for the purposes of obtaining good treatment outcomes.
Blepharoplasty ; Blepharoptosis* ; Catheters ; Classification ; Eyelids* ; Humans ; Orbit ; Skin ; Transplants*

Psoriatic arthritis is a rare inflammatory joint disease associated with radiographic evidence of periarticular bone erosion and sometimes frank joints destruction among psoriatic patients. There have been only a few reports of atlantoaxial subluxation in patients with psoriatic arthritis in the world. The authors report a case of psoriatic arthritis with atlantoaxial subluxation. This 27-year-old man with a three year history of psoriatic skin lesion presented with painful limitation of neck and multiple joint deformities of the hands and feet, etc. We performed combined interspinous and Gallie fusion for the atlantoaxial subluxation and obtained good results of immediate and long term postoperative stability with Philadelphia neck collar only after this procedure.
Adult ; Arthritis, Psoriatic* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Joint Diseases ; Joints ; Neck ; Skin

Benign Joint Hypermobility Syndrome (BJHS) is characterized by generalized ligamentous laxity, with associated tendency to recurrent sprain and dislocation. Whereas ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is characterized by ankylosis and loss of mobility of the affected joints by fibrosis and ossification of cartilage and enthesis. The association of these two pathologies is rare. We report on a 18-year old man with a joint hypermobility and laxity as well as accompanying 18-month history of back pain at the lumbar spine, both knee and left buttock pain. At physical examination the patient presented 5 points of Nine-Point Beighton hypermobility score and limitation of movement in the lumbar spine due to back pain. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis showed bilateral sacroiliitis and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were elevated and HLA B27 was positive. Transthoracic echocardiography and opthalmologic examination excluded other cause of joint hypermobility. We diagnosed co-existent BJHS and AS.
Adolescent ; Ankylosis ; Back Pain ; Blood Sedimentation ; Buttocks ; C-Reactive Protein ; Cartilage ; Dislocations ; Echocardiography ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Joint Instability* ; Joints* ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pathology ; Pelvis ; Physical Examination ; Sacroiliitis ; Spine ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing* ; Sprains and Strains

No abstract available.
Classification* ; Risk Factors* ; Trophoblastic Neoplasms* ; Trophoblasts*