No abstract available.
Fluoroimmunoassay* ; Immunoenzyme Techniques*

The proliferating activity of the cancer cells was estimated in 67 superficial bladder tumors (26 pTa and 41 pT1) by the silver-binding nucleolar organizer regions(AgNORs), proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and flow cytometric DNA analysis. the clinical variances, AgNORs count, PCNA positivity and the incidence of aneuploidy showed no correlation with recurrence statistically. But cytology, grade and PCNA positivity had statistical significance for progression (p<0.0.05). Especially cytology and PCNA positivity showed independent predictive values in multiple logistic regression analysis. We analyzed the values with above mentioned method including intravesical chemotherapy. None of above showed correlation with recurrence statistically. Cytology, grade, BCG therapy and PCNA positivity had statistical significance for progression( p <0.05). But none of those showed statistical significance in multiple logistic regression analysis. In summary, AgNORs count, PCNA positivity and the incidence of aneup1oidy may not have the value of prognostic factor to predict recurrence and/or progression if include intravesical chemotherapy.
Aneuploidy ; DNA* ; Drug Therapy ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Nucleolus Organizer Region* ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Recurrence ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Aminosalicylic Acid* ; Cycloserine* ; Prothionamide* ; Retreatment* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is an extremely rare benign inflammatory disease of the gall bladder characterized by yellowish focal nodular appearance with tissue necrosis and lipid-containing histiocyte (xanthomacell). Recently, we experienced a case of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. A 71-year old woman was admitted with the complaints of RUQ pain for 1 month. On abdominal ultrasound examination, there were diffuse gallbladder wall thickening, echogenic nodule with acoustic shadow, the calculous cholecystiti and the gall badder cancer were strongly suspected and the operation was performed. At operation the gall bladder was marked enlarged and wall thickening with two brownish, oval shaped, smooth surfaced stones. The specimen was revealed a xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis by the pathology.
Acoustics ; Aged ; Cholecystitis* ; Female ; Gallbladder ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Pathology ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder

Sinus Bradycardia per se does not necessitate therapy. In fact, its presence often implies good health or a good prognosis. A 56-year-old patient, whose pulse rate was about 35 beats per minute and blood pressure was 80/50 mmHg, underwent total gastrectomy under general anesthesia. Ventricular dysrhythmia occurred after the second dose of gallamine managed with lidocaine, and after the administration of atropine and ephednne managed with hydralazine. Authors report this case with the evaluation of references.
Anesthesia, General ; Atropine ; Blood Pressure ; Bradycardia* ; Gallamine Triethiodide ; Gastrectomy ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hydralazine ; Hypotension* ; Lidocaine ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis

Sinus Bradycardia per se does not necessitate therapy. In fact, its presence often implies good health or a good prognosis. A 56-year-old patient, whose pulse rate was about 35 beats per minute and blood pressure was 80/50 mmHg, underwent total gastrectomy under general anesthesia. Ventricular dysrhythmia occurred after the second dose of gallamine managed with lidocaine, and after the administration of atropine and ephednne managed with hydralazine. Authors report this case with the evaluation of references.
Anesthesia, General ; Atropine ; Blood Pressure ; Bradycardia* ; Gallamine Triethiodide ; Gastrectomy ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hydralazine ; Hypotension* ; Lidocaine ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis

We found an error in this article. The author's name should be corrected as following: from "Younsuk Koh" to "Younsuck Koh".

BACKGROUND: Pertechnetate ( Tc) has been widely employed for thyroid imaging. While pertechnetate and radioiodide have usually similar results in identifying thyroid nodules, occasionally differences have been noted. We intended to observe that the thyroid nodules which appeared to be hot on pertechnetate and to compare them with the images by radioiodide. METHODS: 'I scan was performed to thirty-eight cases (mean age: 48.9 +/- 13.2) presenting as hot nodule on Tc scan. Thyroid function test and pathologic diagnosis were obtained in all patients. RESULTS: Of the 38 patients, 24 had euthyroidism, 13 had hyperthyroidism, and 1 had hypothyroidism. Thirty patients had adenomatous goiter, 4 papillary carcinoma, 3 Hashimotos thyroiditis, and 1 had HQrthle cell tumor. 28 of 38 patients showed similar images, but the remaining 10 patients(26.3%) revealed discordant images on Tc and 131I scan. Among the concordant cases, 23 had adenomatous goiter, 3 had papillary carcinoma, and 2 had Hashimotos thyroiditis. Among the discordant cases, 7 had adenomatous goiter, 1 had papillary carcinoma, 1 had Hashimotos thyroiditis, and 1 had HQrthle cell tumor. The incidence of malignancy was 10.7% of concordant cases, and 20% of discordant cases and was revealed statistically insignificant (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: We observed higher incidence of malignancy in patients presenting hot nodules on 99mTc scan than ever reported. Fine needle aspiration should be performed to all patients with hot nodules and the 'I scan would not be recommended for further diagnostic study.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Diagnosis ; Goiter ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Hypothyroidism ; Incidence ; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m ; Thyroid Function Tests ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule ; Thyroiditis

No abstract available.
Cytosine Deaminase* ; Cytosine* ; Genetic Therapy* ; Osteocalcin* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms*

BACKGROUND: Critical care physician staffing is a crucial element of the intensive care unit (ICU) organization, and is associated with better outcomes in ICUs. Adult ICUs in Korea have been suffering from inadequate full-time intensivists and nurses because of insufficient reimbursement rates (<50% of the original critical care cost) from the National Health Insurance System. Recently, full-time intensivists have been introduced as a prerequisite for adult ICUs of tertiary hospitals in Korea. The purpose of this study was to examine the perception of intensivist staffing among critical care program directors regarding the barriers and solutions when implementing an intensivist model of critical care in Korea. METHODS: An email survey of critical care program directors in designated teaching hospitals for critical care subspecialty training by the Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine was performed. The survey domains included vision, culture, resources, barriers, and potential solutions to implementing intensivist physician staffing (IPS). RESULTS: Forty-two critical care program directors were surveyed. A total of 28 directors (66.7%) responded to email queries. Of these, 27 directors (96.4%) agreed that IPS would improve the quality of care in the ICU, although half of them reported a negative perception of relevant clinical colleagues for the role of full-time intensivists and poor resources for IPS in their hospitals. Increased financial burden due to hiring full-time intensivists and concerns regarding exclusion from the management of their critically ill patients in the ICU, together with loss of income for primary attending physicians were stated by the respondents to be major barriers to implementing IPS. Financial incentives for the required cost from the health insurance system and enhancement of medical law relevant to critical care were regarded as solutions to these issues. CONCLUSIONS: Critical care program directors believe that intensivist-led critical care can improve the outcome of ICUs. They indicated the financial burden due to IPS and underestimation of a full-time intensivist's role to be major barriers. The program directors agreed that a partnership between hospital leaders and the Ministry of Health and Welfare was needed to overcome these barriers.
Adult* ; Critical Care ; Critical Illness ; Electronic Mail ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Insurance, Health ; Intensive Care Units ; Jurisprudence ; Korea ; Motivation ; National Health Programs ; Personnel Staffing and Scheduling ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tertiary Care Centers