There are many established roentgen signs of ascites such as hepatic angle sign, generalized graying of the abdomen, frog belly appearance and Hellmer's sign. These signs are easily recognized in the standard flat abdomen film. It is however hardly possible to recognize such signs in small films of double contrasted upper GI series. By a retrospectroscopical observation we were able to find some interesting signs of massive ascites in small size films of double contrasted stomach and duodenum of upper GI series. The clinical materials consisted of 27patients with massive ascites and 30 normal subjects. The signs we observed were ;(1) Constriction deformity of the junction of the fundus and body of the stomach. We named this "waist" sign. This constriction was attended by convergence of mucosal folds. We called this "converging folds" sign. (2) The fundus assumed electric bulbappearance with its long axis directed vertically. We called this "electric bulb" sign. In normal subjects the fundus assumed beret-cap like appearance. These signs were only appreciated in the supine and RAO views and not in other views. Of these new signs of massive ascites where fundic view was obtained in supine or RAO position.
Abdomen ; Ascites ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Constriction ; Duodenum ; Stomach

No abstract available.
Asthma*

No abstract available.
Humans*

To evaluate the effect of shortening the latent period for distraction osteogenesis, the authors experimented with distraction osteogenesis for a 24-hour latent period in the mandibles of rabbits. This study was carried out on 32 New Zealand white rabbits, each weighting 2000 to 2500 gm. Twenty animals were used for the control group and 12 for the experimental group. A unilateral external fixation device was applied to the left mandible. The mandibles were lengthened at 1 mm per 24 hours for 10 days. Five rabbits from the control group and three from the experimental group by random selection were sacrificed on the first day, and at the second, fourth and eighth week of the consolidation period. After lengthening bone densities at the site of the left mandibular bony lengthening were measured by quantitative computer tomography (QCT) and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). As a result, the DXA value showed no difference compared to the control group after two week's consolidation. The trabeculae were thicker and had begun to be surrounded by lamellar bone both in the control and experimental groups histologically. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the osteogenetic effect in the experimental group was nearly the same as in the control group. If stable fixation and minimal periosteal dissection were performed during the procedure, the latent period would not be an important factor in distraction osteogenesis of membranous bone.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Animals ; Bone Density ; External Fixators ; Mandible* ; Osteogenesis* ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Rabbits*

OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of magnesium ion in the culture medium on the development of mouse fertilized oocytes either before or after pronuclear formation, and to investigate whether the effect of magnesium ion is related with the redistributional change of mitochondria. METHODS: Fertilized oocytes obtained from the oviducts of mice at 15 hr after hCG injection before pronuclear formation (pre-PN) or 21 hr after hCG injection after pronuclear formation (post-PN) were used. The embryos were cultured for 3 days with basic T6 medium-magnesium free and various concentrations of magnesium ion, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 or 8.0 mM, respectively. After culture, the developmental stages of embryos and the number of nuclei were evaluated. To observe the effects of magnesium ion on the mitochondrial distribution, fertilized oocytes were collected at 21 hr after hCG injection and cultured for 6 hr with various concentration of magnesium ion. As a control, fertilized oocytes with pronuclei at 27 hr after hCG injection were used. RESULTS: The concentration of magnesium ion to accelerate the in vitro development of mouse fertilized oocytes appeared to be at 2.0 mM for the pre-PN and the post-PN stage embryos. In the mitochondrial redistribution patterns, the embryos cultured in 2.0 mM concentration of magnesium ion showed the highest percentage (22.6%) of distinct perinuclear clustering pattern comparing to other experimental group. CONCLUSION: The effect of magnesium ion may be related to the cytoplasmic redistribution of mitochondria. This relationship seems to connect the developmental competence of preimplantation mouse embryos in vitro. These results can suggest that higher concentration of magnesium ion (2.0 mM) than those of conventional culture medium (0.2~1.2 mM) is more suitable for in vitro culture of preimplantation mouse embryos.
Animals ; Cytoplasm ; Embryonic Structures* ; Magnesium* ; Mental Competency ; Mice* ; Mitochondria ; Oocytes ; Oviducts

No abstract available.
Humans ; Psoriasis* ; Siblings*

Oral cholecystography is one of the most relible and widely used x-ray examination which enables us to observe not only morphological features of the gallbladder (GB) but also its functioning state. It was disclosed that functional evaluation of the GB is mandatory to recognize such kinetic disorders of the viscus as acalculous cholecystitis or dyskinesia. For the purpose of functional evaluation, fat meal has been used traditionally. Recently, cholecystokinin(CCK) and ceruletide were introduced into clinical diagnosis of the GB, the usefulness of which we have confirmed. In the present study we have made an attempt at improving cholecystagogic effect of conventional fat meals(FM) such as whole mild and egg yolk by changing the posture of the examined from sitting up to right decubitus position after the ingestion of fat meal. The hypothesis involved in this study is that the presence of quantitatively more fat meal in the duodenum per unit time may result in more effective cholecystagogic action and such a setting would be created by enhancement of pyloric passage of fat meal by decubitus posturing. Clinical materials consisted of 280 normal oral GB series (136 males and 144 females) andthey were divided into 4 equally numbered groups of mild sitting and mild decubitus and egg sitting and eggdecubitus. Upon confirming satisfactory opacification of the GB 11 hours after the ingestion of 3g of sodiumipodate or iopanoci acid either 2 pieces of medium sized hen's egg yolk were given. The xaminess were then allowed either sitting up comfortably on a bench or lying down on the right flank on a couch. After the ingestion of fat mean, x ray was taken at the end of 30 minutes in all but the mild decubitus group in which x rays were taken serially at the end of 5, 15, 30 and 60 minutes. The frontal area of each opacified GB was measured by using aplanimeter and the contraction rate before and after fat meal stimulation was calculated by the following equation and delineation of the biliary tree was analyzed in each group. Contraction rate (%) = (1
Acalculous Cholecystitis ; Biliary Tract ; Ceruletide ; Cholecystography ; Deception ; Diagnosis ; Duodenum ; Dyskinesias ; Eating ; Egg Yolk ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Male ; Meals ; Ovum ; Posture

This retrospective study was undertaken to provide information when considering aspects of future prevention and quantifying demand fir medical services. And it comprised 835 patients with facial bone fractures in various accidents and treated in the department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, the Yeungnam University Hospital during the past five years from January 1991 to December 1996. The medical records of this 835 patients(1,210 fractures) were reviewed and analyzed in order to obtain the clinical pattern and understand the therapeutic tendency. The following results were obtained; 1. The greatest number of patients were sustained facial bone injuries between midnight and 3:00. The monthly incidence showed in September at the most and at the least in December. The increase of facial bone injuries of 11.3% per year was shown. 2. The mean age of patients was 30 years. The most prevalent age group was at third decade(31.9%). Males were predominated more than female(3.6 : 1). 3. The most common cause was traffic accidents(41.6%) followed by violence, fall, industrial accidents and others. 4. The most common fracture was found in the nose(35.1%) followed by mandible(22.6%), zygoma(21.1%), and maxilla(11.2%). 5. Associated injuries were as following order of frequency; ophthalmologic injury(21.0%), other facial bone fractures(18.2%), head injury(10.2%). 6. Open reduction was used for 53.9% of total cases while 40.6% of total cases required closed reduction, and 5.5% of total cases treated conservatively. The complication rate was 18.5% and complications were as following order of frequency; facial asymmetry(37.2%), diplopia and enophthalmos(19.4%), and local infection(12.8%).
Accidents, Occupational ; Diplopia ; Facial Bones* ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Medical Records ; Plastics ; Retrospective Studies ; Violence

Until now, there have been few reports of laparoscopic spleen preserving distal pancreatectomies with the conservation of the splenic vessels. We experienced two cases of a laparoscopic spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy, with the conservation of the splenic artery, vein and short gastric vessels. One case was in a 52 years old woman. The patient was preoperatively diagnosed with a nonsymptomatic cystadenoma, which measured 7 cm in diameter at the tail of pancreas. The procedure used was a 70% distal pancreatectomy, with preservation of the spleen, including the splenic vessels. Three 10 mm ports, one 15mm port and one linear stapler (EndoGIA60(R)) were used for the procedure. A 3 cm incision, extending 15 mm to the trocar site, was used for the extraction of the specimen. The total operative time was 435 minutes. The patient was discharged on the 8th postoperative day with no problems. The other case was in a 61 years old woman. The patient was preoperatively diagnosed with a symptomatic cystadenoma, which measured 3 cm in size at the body of the pancreas. The procedure used was an 85% distal pancreatectomy, employed the same method as the previous case, with the exception that an EndoGIA30(R) was used for the resection of pancreas in place of the EndoGIA60(R). The total operative time was 400 minutes. The patient was discharged on 9th postoperatvie day, with no problems. There was no morbidity and mortality during hospitalization. A laparoscopic spleen splenic vessels, could be an alternative treatment in selective preserving distal pancreatectomy with the conservation of the patients with benign pancreatic neoplasms.
Cystadenoma ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Operative Time ; Pancreas ; Pancreatectomy* ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Spleen* ; Splenic Artery* ; Surgical Instruments ; Veins*

Intraaortic balloon counterpulsation (IAB) has been shown to prolong survival in the critically ill cardiac patients. Originally developed for use in the patients with cardiogenic shock, the indications have been expanded. But despite technical advances, the complication rate associated with IAB remains high. The most commonly reported complications include damage to the femoral artery and distal embolization. Other reported major complications are balloon rupture, limb loss, bleeding, systemic infection and bowel infarction. We report a patient complicated by ischemic colitis causing stenosis and intestinal obstruction after IAB insertion.
Colitis, Ischemic* ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Counterpulsation* ; Critical Illness ; Extremities ; Femoral Artery ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Rupture ; Shock, Cardiogenic