Bromidrosis is a disorder characterized by rancid body odor which influences a patient's social life and mental health. The therapeutic modalities and the mechanism of bromidrosis have been carefully studied, however, there have been few reports about the genetic inheritance of bromidrosis. We investigated the family history of 42 patients who were operated on for bromidrosis and followed up to the third generation in 10 cases. The results were as follows: Results of investigation which were followed up the second generation. The fathers of five patients and the mothers of 11 patients had bromidrosis in 18 male patients. The fathers of six patients and the mothers of 12 patients had bromidrosis in 24 female patients. Thirty-four patient (81.0%) among a total of 42 have a single parent with bromidrosis. Result of investigation which were followed up to the third generation Bromidrosis was occurred in 17 of 42 patients (40.5%) in the second generation, and 18 of 27 patients (66.7%) in the third generation. In one case, a father transmitted bromidrosis to his three sons, and as a result, X-linked inheritance could be ruled out Bromidrosis was not skipped in every generation of all families. We on conclude that bromidrosis is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder.
Fathers ; Female ; Genes, X-Linked ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Health ; Mothers ; Odors ; Single Parent ; Wills*

Objectives: This study was intended to investigate adults’ health behaviors and eating habits according to their levels of social media use. Methods: From May 27 to July 11, 2022, an online survey was conducted of 452 male and female social media users in their 20s and 30s, and their eating habits and health behaviors were compared and analyzed according to their degree of social media use. For each of the three levels of food content use, the frequency of social media content use, and the total score range of average social media viewing time per day were divided into three parts, and a group with a score of less than 2 points was classified as low-use; a group with a score of 2 or more and less than 3 points was classified as middle-use; and a group with a score of 3 points or more was classified as high-use. Results: The use of food content was higher in women than in men (P < 0.001), and higher in those in their 20s than in those in their 30s (P < 0.001). The group with a high level of food content use showed a higher rate of post-use hunger than the group with a low level (P < 0.01). The experience of eating after using food content was also higher in the group with a high level of use than in the group with a low level of use (P < 0.001). The group with a normal or high level of food content use had more negative eating habits than the group with a low level. Conclusions The study highlighted the need to provide desirable food content to people in their 20s and 30s with negative eating habits and to promote them so that they can use the right healthy nutrition–related content.

We report a case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exophiala(E,) jeanselmei in a 66-year-old female, who showed a mild tender, 4.5x3.5cm sized, erythematous cystic mass with satellite lesions on the left forearm for 4 months. Histopathologically, suppurative granulomatous inflammation, brownish conidia in a chain and hyphae were observed. Fungal culture grew out the typical black-gray velvety colonies of E. jeanselmei after 2 weeks. The isolate grow well at 25 C, but very poorly at 37 C. No growth could be observed at 40 C. Sporulation adequate for evaluation was present on the malt extract agar. We confirmed E. jeanselmei by colony and microscopic morphology, temperature tolerance and sugar assimilation tests. The patient had been treated with itraconazole for 6 momths. Complete remission was observed.
Agar ; Aged ; Exophiala* ; Female ; Forearm ; Humans ; Hyphae ; Inflammation ; Itraconazole ; Phaeohyphomycosis* ; Spores, Fungal

Epidural analgesia is frequently used for control of labor pain. Seizure of parturient could be misdiagnosed as eclampsia. A parturient presented a generalized tonic clonic seizure during first stage of labor in two and a half hour after dural puncture and epidural blood patch. She had received an emergency cesarean section under general anesthesia and had another seizure during transfer to the intensive care unit. A brain computed tomography showed intracerebral hemorrhage and pneumocephalus. After conservative treatment, she could discharge without any sequelae in 13 days. The anesthesiologists should be aware of the possibility of intracerebral hemorrhage when they confront a seizure of parturient although there is no evidence of relation between dural puncture and intracerebral hemorrhage.
Analgesia, Epidural ; Anesthesia, General ; Blood Patch, Epidural ; Brain ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cesarean Section ; Eclampsia ; Emergencies ; Female ; Intensive Care Units ; Labor Pain ; Pneumocephalus ; Pregnancy ; Punctures ; Seizures

Kounis syndrome is an acute coronary syndrome concurrently occurs with allergic or hypersensitivity reactions. In patient with this syndrome, inflammatory mediators released due to an allergic reaction implicate to induce coronary artery spasm and atheromatous plaque rupture. We describe a patient with coronary artery disease who developed acute perioperative myocardial infarction leading to cardiac arrest after the anaphylactic reaction to cisatracurium, which led to a suspicion of Kounis syndrome. Anesthesiologists should be aware that anaphylaxis or allergic reactions can progress to acute coronary syndrome, thereby significantly change the course of the disease.
Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Anaphylaxis* ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Myocardial Infarction ; Rupture ; Spasm

BACKGROUND: Various regimens have been studied in extension of a preexisting labor epidural for emergency cesarean section. Lumbar epidural analgesia for delivery is safe and efficient. We compared retrospectively 0.5% ropivacaine with fentanyl and 0.75% ropivacaine in extension of a preexisting labor epidural for emergency cesarean section. METHODS: We investigated medical records of 61 parturients in extension of a preexisting labor epidural for emergency cesarean section. There were two regimens which was 0.5% ropivacaine with fentanyl (group 1) and 0.75% ropivacaine (group 2). We recorded demographic data, local anesthetic dose, surgical readiness time, maximum level of sensory block, surgery time, intravenous supplementation, number of hypotension and total dose of ephedrine between two groups. RESULTS: There were no differences between the study groups in demographic data, surgical readiness time, maximum sensory block level, intravenous supplementation, incidence of hypotension and total dose of ephedrine. Local anesthetic volume was larger in group 1 than group 2, but local anesthetic doses were lower in group 1 than group 2. CONCLUSIONS: 0.5% Ropivacaine with fentanyl regimen is as fast and efficacious as 0.75% ropivacaine in extension of a preexisting labor epidural for cesarean section and reduces the requiring total local anesthetic dose.
Analgesia, Epidural ; Cesarean Section* ; Emergencies* ; Ephedrine ; Female ; Fentanyl* ; Hypotension ; Incidence ; Medical Records ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies*

Prune-belly syndrome is characterized by absent abdominal wall musculature with wrinkled overlying skin, urinary tract dilatation and cryptorchidism. Prune-belly syndrome is also associated with diseases of the respiratory, cardiovascular, skeletal, gastrointestinal and central nervous system. Because the congenital disease is uncommon, it is difficult to collect the information of anesthetic management of prune-belly syndrome. We report a case of 4 year-old-boy with prune-belly syndrome who underwent abdominoplasty and Mitrofanoff operation under general anesthesia.
Abdominal Wall ; Abdominoplasty ; Anesthesia, General ; Central Nervous System ; Cryptorchidism ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Male ; Prune Belly Syndrome ; Skin ; Urinary Tract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in South Korea. To decrease its mortality rate, its early detection is very important. Screening for HCC detection has been accepted as the management modality for patients with chronic liver disease. Reported herein is a case involving the marked rapid growth of HCC detected at an advanced stage in a screening test with a 3 months interval. A 49-year-old male patient with chronic hepatitis B was admitted to the hospital due to a liver mass detected on CT scan. The patient underwent a first CT scan 3 months earlier, and no tumor was detected. Follow-up CT scan was performed and showed a 9.1 cm HCC with portal vein thrombosis. Percutaneous liver biopsy was performed, and the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed. In the pertinent guidelines, the recommended screening interval for HCC is 6-12 months, but the screening interval and additional diagnostic methods should be considered due to the variation in the HCC growth rate according to the patient's clinical characteristics.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Diseases ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Portal Vein ; Republic of Korea ; Thrombosis

OBJECTIVE: Appearance of DSM-IV has influenced greatly on the nosological classification of mental disorder, not considered as revised one of DSM-III-R but a new criteria. DIS-IV has been developed after revision of DIS-III in consideration of various changes in DSM-IV. This study is to develop and validate the DIS-IV, Korean version to activate Korean psychiatric research much more and to modivate more frequent international collaborative study. METHOD: Translation committee produced DIS-IV, Korean version through all the procedures of translation, back-translation, confirmation of retained original meaning of the English version, adaptation to Korean linguistic usage and preliminary study. Four medical students were trained during DIS-IV training course that retained the same contents and methods as of Washington University. Inter-rater reliability was measured by comparison between two diagnoses made from two interviewer who rated one patient at the same time. Procedural validity was measured by comparison between lay-interviewer's diagnosis and psychiatrist's diagnosis which were made after independent DIS-IV using interview. Subjects were 124 patients who were being treated at two University Hospital and National Forensic Psychiatric Hospital between January, 2000 and August, 2000. RESULTS: Average kappa value of inter-rater reliability was 0.74. Diagnoses showing over 0.7 in kappa value were bipolar I disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, pain disorder, pathological gambling, post-traumatic stress disorder, specific phobia and almost all substance use disorder or substance- related disorder. Procedural validity, that compared lay-interviewer's diagnosis and psychiatrist's diagnosis, were as follows;For all diagnoses, sensitivity, specificity and kappa were 67.6%, 98.3% and 0.69. For diagnoses of substance use disorder or substance- related disorder, sensitivity, specificity and kappa were 79%, 98% and 0.77. For other diagnoses except substance use disorder or substance- related disorder, sensitivity, specificity and kappa were 60.5%, 98% and 0.64. This results are almost at the same level as that of Robins and her colleagues who first reported reliability and validity of DIS. CONCLUSION: We think that DIS-IV, Korean version has higher reliability and validity. It is very important that diagnoses of substance use disorder and substance-related disorder can be made reliably and validly by this instrument. We expect that it can help to improve diagnosability of mental disorder, activate clinical research and increase international scientific communication.
Anxiety Disorders ; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders ; Classification ; Depressive Disorder ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Gambling ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Linguistics ; Mental Disorders ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ; Phobic Disorders ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Somatoform Disorders ; Songbirds ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ; Students, Medical ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Washington

Combination treatment with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) and venetoclax is being used increasingly in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Venetoclax with HMAs has been reported to be associated with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in AML patients with high leukemic burden. We present a case of an elderly AML patient with low leukemic burden who developed TLS while receiving venetoclax and azacitidine (AZA). A 74-year-old man with newly diagnosed AML with NPM1 mutation received combination therapy with venetoclax and AZA in an outpatient clinic. Within 12 hours after starting venetoclax and AZA, the patient was admitted to the emergency room with fever, general weakness, and laboratory findings consistent with TLS. Based on our results, we recommend monitoring at the start of the treatment with venetoclax and HMAs to prevent and control TLS regardless of the leukemic burden and favorable genetic ris