No abstract available.
Coronary Vessels* ; Pulmonary Artery*

No abstract available.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra* ; Spondylolysis*

PURPOSE: This study was performed to investigate the epidemiology of enterovirus (EV) infections in children at a secondary hospital during recent 5 years. METHODS: We collected the cerebrospinal fluid, stool and throat swab samples from the pediatric patients with suspected EV infections in KEPCO Medical Center, Seoul, Korea from July 2006 to September 2010. EV detection and genotype identification were performed by RT-PCR at Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS: A total of 386 samples were collected from 277 patients during study period. Ninety-eight patients (35.4%) were diagnosed with EV infections. The RT-PCR positive rate was the highest in throat swab samples (48.3%). The median age of patient was 4.7 years (range, 0.1-12.5 years). Aseptic meningitis (50, 51.0%) was the most common clinical manifestation; herpangina (22, 22.4%) and hand-foot-mouth disease (18, 18.4%). One hundred EVs were isolated from 98 patients and 20 genotypes of EV were identified; Echovirus 30 (28 cases, 28%), Enterovirus 71 (12 cases, 12%), Echovirus 25 (10 cases, 10%), Echovirus 9 (9 cases, 9%) and Coxsackievirus A6 (8 cases, 8%). Aseptic meningitis caused by Echovirus 30 was the most common manifestation in 2008. There was no complicated case caused by Enterovirus 71. CONCLUSION: This study showed the epidemiology of confirmed EV infection in children from 2006 to 2010. There is a need for continuous surveillance of EV infections and its clinical manifestations.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Child ; Echovirus 9 ; Enterovirus ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Enterovirus Infections ; Genotype ; Herpangina ; Humans ; Korea ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Pharynx

MELAS syndrome is a rare but distinct clinical entity belonging to a group of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies characterized by the tetrad of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes. We experienced a case of MELAS syndrome in an 8 year-old boy who showed headache, pain of the eyeball, vomiting, stroke-like episodes such as visual disturbance and dysarthria, myoclonic seizure, confusion, and walking disturbance. His serum lactate level was elevated up to 48 mg/dl. MRI findings showed high signal intensities T2-weighted image and low signal intensities in T1-weighted image in the right thalamus and parietooccipital lobe and bilateral symmetric high signal intensity in T1-dweighted image in the basal ganglia. We have seen the dispersed ragged-red fibers with modified Gomori trichrome staining on light microscope, and abundant and dysmorphic mitochondria on electon microscope in the specimen of muscle biopsy. esis of SLE.
Basal Ganglia ; Biopsy ; Child ; Dysarthria ; Headache ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; MELAS Syndrome* ; Mitochondria ; Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies ; Seizures ; Thalamus ; Vomiting ; Walking

Trichophyton tonsurans is an anthropophilic endothrix dermatophyte that has been the main causative organism of tinea capitis in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and other Latin American countries. In Korea, tinea capitis caused by T. tonsurans has been reported since 1995, but kerion celsi caused by T. tonsurans is rare. Kerion celsi is an inflammatory suppurative dermatophytosis of the scalp associated with hair loss. In this study, we report a case of kerion celsi occurring on the parietal scalp of a 6-year-old child diagnosed in a mycological study. T. tonsurans was identified and treated with oral itraconazole and topical epiconazole.

Acantholytic acanthoma is a rare benign neoplasm of epidermal keratinocytes that clinically presents as a solitary, asymptomatic keratotic papule or nodule on the trunk. A 40-year-old female visited our hospital with a 20-year history of a single papule on her right thigh. On physical examination, the lesion measured 0.5×0.4 cm in size and appeared brown in color with central hyperkeratosis. Histopathological evaluation showed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, papillomatosis, dyskeratosis, and acantholysis. Only six cases of acantholytic acanthoma have been reported in Korea. We report a rare case of acantholytic acanthoma that occurred in a 40-year-old female who presented with a keratotic papule on her right thigh.

Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic cutaneous condition characterized by a papulonodular pruriginous eruption accompanied by pruritus. PN lesions are typically firm and itchy hyperkeratotic nodules and papules, which provoke a scratch response. PN may often represent an initial cutaneous manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The association between PN and HIV is attributable to various etiopathogenetic mechanisms including cutaneous immunological abnormalities. Diagnosis of HIV infection in a patient with PN is challenging.We report a case of confirmed HIV infection in a patient with treatment-resistant PN, who was successfully treated using combination treatment that included HIV antiretroviral therapy and narrow-band ultraviolet-B radiation.

Sweet syndrome is characterized by fever, tender, erythematous skin lesions, neutrophilia, high levels of serum inflammatory markers, and diffuse mature neutrophil infiltration typically localized to the upper dermis. Various drugs have been shown to be associated with Sweet syndrome. Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma, has been reported to be associated with erythema, pruritus, eczemas, and, rarely, erythema multiforme-like skin changes or vasculitis. We describe a case involving a 65-year-old male who received bortezomib for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Over three cycles, multiple nodular lesions recurred through periods of aggravation and relief from symptoms. On the basis of the signs, symptoms, and biopsy results, the patient was diagnosed as showing Sweet syndrome. Skin lesions that occur during treatment of underlying disease can affect the patients’ treatment compliance. This case report indicates that a bortezomib rechallenge is an option for patients who develop sweet syndrome

Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma is primary cutaneous lymphoma that is composed of large lymphoid cells with anaplastic and pleomorphic morphology and expresses the CD30 antigen. Generally, primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma is represented by a single, erosive plaque located on the trunk or extremities, but rarely on the dorsum of the hand. A 36-year-old man visited our hospital with a plaque on the dorsum of his left hand for 2 months. The plaque was 6×5 cm in size and violet-colored, with erosion. Histopathological findings showed infiltration of large anaplastic cells in the dermis and subcutaneous fat tissue. Immunohistochemically, it showed positive results for CD3, CD4, and CD30 and negativity anaplastic lymphoma kinase. Imaging examination showed no additional lesions, and the diagnosis was confirmed as primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma. The patient was treated with radiation therapy four times and the lesion completely disappeared.

Acantholytic acanthoma is a rare benign neoplasm of epidermal keratinocytes that clinically presents as a solitary, asymptomatic keratotic papule or nodule on the trunk. A 40-year-old female visited our hospital with a 20-year history of a single papule on her right thigh. On physical examination, the lesion measured 0.5×0.4 cm in size and appeared brown in color with central hyperkeratosis. Histopathological evaluation showed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, papillomatosis, dyskeratosis, and acantholysis. Only six cases of acantholytic acanthoma have been reported in Korea. We report a rare case of acantholytic acanthoma that occurred in a 40-year-old female who presented with a keratotic papule on her right thigh.