No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

PURPOSE: To characterize the MR findings of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and to assess the value of the MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: SE T1 -, T2-weighted, and IR brain MR images of 44 infants and children with the past history of perinatal hypoxic insults were reviewed. Abnormal brain MR findings of 8 patients with birth history of prematurity and 36 patients with birth history of full-term/posterm including 7 with severe anoxic insult history, were compared in regard to the location and the character of the lesions RESULTS: MRI demonstrated the followings;(1)abnormal signal intensity lesions of subcortical and/or deep cerebral white matter, cortex, and deep gray matter, (2)atrophy of the cerebral white matter, cortex and corpus callosum, with/without ventriculomegaly, and (3)delay in myelination. Periventricular and deep white matter lesions were demonstrated in the prematurity, the deep white matter lesions and/or subcortical white matter lesions in the term/post-term, and deep gray matter lesions in the 7 patients with severe anoxic insults history. CONCLUSION: MR imaging was useful in the diagnosis of the hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, and the white and gray matter lesions were correlated with the time of the injury and the severity of hypoxic insult.
Brain Injuries* ; Brain* ; Child ; Corpus Callosum ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Myelin Sheath ; Reproductive History

On the contrary to congenital anomalies of intestinal rotation in pediatric patients, those in adults are generally nonsymptomatic and of little consequence. Occasionally, however, an adult may have midgut nonrotation and complain of chronic or recurrent abdominal pain. Intestinal nonrotation can be divided into complete or partial failure of rotation and into abnormalities affecting the proximal segment, the distal segment or both. We report herein a 43-year old female patient with symptomatic partial, cecocolic nonrotation.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult* ; Female ; Humans

Adenosine deaminase(ADA)has been used for the diagnosis of localized tuberculosis.The titer of ADA was measured from the ocular fluid of the patients who had undergone vitreoretinal surgery due to non-tuberculous vitreoretinal disease. Forty five patients were included and twenty patients were male. Mean age was 51.9 years. Four patients had diabetes mellitus and two had essential hypertension. The most frequent cause of vitreoretinal surgery was proliferative vitreoretinopathy(12 eyes). For the analysis of ADA titer, vitreous fluid(group I)was aspirated in 36 patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy and subretinal fluid(group II)in 9 patients undergoing scleral encircling. Mean titer of ADA was 9.01+/-15.69 IU/L, and there was no significant difference on the statistics between group I(6.06+/-13.75 IU/L)and group II(20.83+/-18.17 IU/L). All 45 eyes showed negative reaction to polymerase chain againt tuberculosis, and 25 of 29 patients had positive reaction to tuberculin skin test. There was no statistically significant relationship between ADA titer and tuberculin skin test. This result suggests that ADA may be used for the diagnosis of posterior ocular tuberculosis, since the normal concentration in the posterior ocular fluid was compatible with the one in other body fluids where it has been used for the diagnosis of localized tuberculosis.
Adenosine Deaminase* ; Adenosine* ; Body Fluids ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Skin Tests ; Tuberculin ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Ocular ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinal Surgery

Diltiazem(Herben(R)) was orally administered in a daily dose of 180mg over 8 weeks to 15 patients with angina pectoris requiring minimum 5 tablets of nitroglycerin per week. The symptom of angina pectoris was scored according to frequency and character of anginal attacks and the number of nitroglycerin tablets used was recorded during the Diltiazem therapy. We noted significant decrease of the score of anginal attack and the number of nitroglycerin tablets used during the course of Diltiazem therapy. No significant change in blood pressure, heart rate and the product of systolic blood pressure and heart rate was noted during the course of Diltiazem therapy. It is possibel that Diltiazem improved ischemic heart disease by slightly decreasing myocardial oxygen demand and increasing blood flow to the ischemic areas by dilatation of coronary arteries and collateral vessels. There was no abnormal change in laboratory findings during the Diltiazem treatment. These findings suggest that Diltiazem(Herben(R)) is a favorable and safe antianginal agent useful for longterm treatment of anginal pectoris.
Angina Pectoris* ; Blood Pressure ; Coronary Vessels ; Dilatation ; Diltiazem ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Nitroglycerin ; Oxygen ; Tablets

PURPOSE: Proliferation of bile duct-like structures and fibrosis is a hepatic cellular reaction observed in most forms of human liver disease and in a variety of experimental conditions associated with liver injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the activation of Ito cells and bile duct proliferation in the rat after common bile duct ligation (CBDL). METHODS: Hepatic morphological abnormalities were examined in rats whose bile ducts had been irreversibly ligated for 15, 21, 24 and 28 days. The liver was examined by immunohistochemical staining for alpha-smooth muscle actin, the known marker of activated Ito cells, and light and electron microscopes. RESULTS: After CBDL, the bile canalicular proliferation and interstitial fibrosis were gradually increased in the periportal areas extended to hepatic sinusoids. Ito cells positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin were frequently observed in the periductular space and in perisinusoidal space of Disse. Ito cells and myofibroblasts were gradually increased in the interstitial fibrosis until the 28th day after CBDL. Ito cells and myofibroblasts had microfilaments with dense body at the periphery of the cell. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that Ito cells may be fibroblastic or myogenic. It has also been postulated that during the development of hepatic fibrosis, Ito cells become myofibroblasts or fibroblast like cells.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; Actins ; Animals ; Bile ; Bile Ducts ; Common Bile Duct* ; Fibroblasts ; Fibrosis* ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; Humans ; Ligation* ; Liver ; Liver Diseases ; Myofibroblasts ; Rats*

Coronary artery fistula is an unusual anomaly that consists of a communication between one of the coronary arteries and a cardiac chamber or vein. It has hemodynamic significance, complicated by congestive heart failure, bacterial endocarditis, rupture or thrombosis of the fistula or an associated arterial aneurysm, myocardial ischemia, and arrhythmias. It occurs in congenital, traumatic, neoplastic, or artherosclerotic cardiac disorders. It is being diagnosed with increasing frequency with widespread use of selective coronary angiography. However, acquired coronary artery fistula after acute myocardial infarction is a rare clinical entity, and it has not been reported in Korea yet. We observed a 62-year-old male patient with intermittent chest pain at rest, in whom serial coronary angiography showed newly developed communications from the left anterior descending coronary artery to the left ventricular chamber several months after acute myocardial infarction of the anteroseptal wall. The area of communication corresponded to the site of infarction as established by contrast echocardiography.
Aneurysm ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels* ; Echocardiography ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; Fistula* ; Heart Failure ; Heart Ventricles* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Infarction ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Rupture ; Thrombosis ; Veins

This study is based on 155 patients of congenital me colon. For the diagnosis, 93 cases were histologically proven and the remaining 63 cases were diagnosed on clinical basis including barium enema or surgical gross findings. On histologic examination, 80 cases(86%) showed typical features of absence of ganglion cell in the myenteric plexus and the 13 cases(14%) had atypical features which were segmental absence Of ganglion cell in one case. There we 127 males(82%) and 28 females(18%). The age at diagnosis was younger than 30 days in 87 cases(56%), I month to 1 year in 39 cases(25%) and older than I year in 29 cases(18%). The levels of aganglionosis were variable: short segment (rectosigmoid) in 134 cases(86%), intermediate segment (more proximal colon) in 14 cases(100%). and 6 cases(4%) had total aganglionosis. Common clinical presentations were abdominal distention, delayed meconium passage or bilious vomiting in neonate, and chronic constipation in infancy or childhood. Following initial colostomy or ileostomy, a definitive procedure was performed in 151 cases(Duhamel type in 150 cases; Soave type in 2 cases; Swenson type in 3 cases). Frequently associated problems after definitive procedure were persistent constipation(ll%) due to septum formation, fecaloma, remnant aganglionic segment and rectal stenosis. Overall mortality rate was 4%, and increased mortality was associated with enterocolitis(14%) which was the most frequent cause of death. The follow-up study longer than 3 months was available in 138 patients who underwent a definitive procedure(mean 2 year 11 months). Seventy-three cases(53%) had normal bowel function, 38cases(27.5%) had occasionally used enema or stool softners, and 27 cases(19.5%) had severe constipation or soiling. The bowel habit improved with time, and were considered normal in 60% of patients after follow-up more than 3 years. The results of definitive procedures for congenital megacolon including Duhamel operation was satisfactory, and long-term follow-up appeared an important and critical component of patients'care.
Child ; Male ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Mortality ; Follow-Up Studies

No abstract available.
Hand*

The penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of the aorta resulting from the atherosclerosis of the aortic wall can clinically mimic type III aortic dissection, since both diseases produce the ulceration and dissection of aortic wall. However, their imaging features and pathophsiologies are distinctly different from each other. Familial hypercholesterolemia(FH) menifests overt hyperlipidemia that can results in premature atherosclerosis of the aorta as well as the coronary artery. We report a clinically and radiologically evident case of perntrating atherosclerotic ulcer of the descending thoracic aorta which was developed in a 36-year-oldd heterozygote FH male.
Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic* ; Atherosclerosis ; Coronary Vessels ; Heterozygote* ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II* ; Male ; Ulcer*